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A Wonderful Example of a Mid-Thirteenth Century Illuminated Bible Leaf

[Bible in Latin]. [Illuminated Manuscript]. Single Manuscript Leaf from Flemish Bible. [N.p.]: mid-13th century. Single leaf from a Bible, in Latin, on vellum. From the Book of Judith. Written in dark brown ink with a small gothic bookhand, in 50 lines; measures 7.75 x 6 inches. With two eight-line initial capitals (both "A") illuminated and decorated in blue, red, brown, green and orange (one initial includes a serpent); and one smaller two-line initial illuminated in red and blue on recto. Versal initials are two-line and appear to be illuminated in red and blue ink (apparent from image of rear of leaf that is attached to the back of the frame. Most probably used for monastic readings. Contained in double-matt archival frame.

Illuminated manuscripts are books which have been written and decorated by hand. In the Middle Ages, manuscripts were written and painted on vellum parchment, which was made from the skins of animals. The color and texture of the parchment varies according to the method of preparing the skins and type of animal used. Cows, sheep, goats, squirrels, and possibly even dogs and cats were used to make the parchment. The beautiful, handwritten texts were created by scribes (either professional individuals or monks) who learned to write in many different types of script. Calligraphers today continue the tradition and compose signs and invitations. The adornment of the book, or illumination, depended on the skill of the illuminator and the wealth of the person who commissioned the book. Individual pages could receive such decorations as: decorated initials, borders, line endings, drolleries (human or animal figures in the borders of a page, often fantastical) and miniatures (fine small paintings). The artist worked with natural substances, such as red clay, the woad plant, and brazil wood. Gold, silver, and lapis lazuli were also used. Gold was applied to the page in two ways, either burnished (the shiny form of gold, polished with an animal tooth) or liquid (applied as paint in a liquid suspension).


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Auction Dates
October, 2008
16th-18th Thursday-Saturday
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