2008 June Signature Civil War Auction

Virginia Rangers Walking Stick. The sturdy antler handle is neatly carved "Virginia Rangers 1863 - 65" with a nickel silver ferrule at the base neatly inscribed "Dr. John Dunn/ Richmond, Va." The Virginia State Rangers were authorized by an act of the Virginia General Assembly on March 27, 1862, and primarily operated in what is now the state of West Virginia. The Rangers forayed in small detachments behind federal lines, and were tasked with dispatching Union scouting parties and foragers, resulting in a number of sharp skirmishes. Generally regarded by federal authorities as guerillas, the Rangers were nevertheless subject to regular Confederate military authority. Missing the iron tip, otherwise very fine. Very attractive and historically significant.

Scarce Stereoview of Sword Presented to the Metropolitan Sanitary Fair imaged by E. & H. T. Anthony. Titled on the back as "The Great $45,000 Sword, Which Grant Got," this stereoview pictures a Tiffany & Co sword made and presented to the Metropolitan Sanitary Fair in 1864. The image is of the sword, hilt, scabbard, and sash laid in its case. Like most stereoviews of this period the corners show wear, and there is a fading to the lettering on the back, but the image is very crisp and the publisher's information is mounted on the back along with a period revenue stamp. Photographers at the fair were of the most important of the period. Marked "No. 1699", this is one of a set published by E. & H. T. Anthony & Co.

Painted Tintype Portrait of a Bearded Civil War Soldier Displaying a Large Fighting Knife, with an unusual brass frame revolver (which we have, quite frankly, been unable to identify) tucked in his belt. The belt does not appear to use a plate and the overall feel of the image is definitely Confederate. Pristine condition, nicely matted and framed. Although slightly post war, these images more often than not, commemorate a soldier who died in service for there are no later portraits available. A very rare example of this unusual photographic process and exceptional for both subject and condition.

Large Albumen Photograph of a Well-Armed Union Civil War Artilleryman, in an oval frame, 11" x 13" overall. This fellow, wearing a light artillery jacket, is armed to the teeth, with a sword in hand, a derringer, and what appears to be a Starr Arms Company 1863 Army Revolver tucked into his belt. He is also wearing a Model 1858 U.S. Army hat with insignia for battery "K", 2nd Artillery. The image is slightly faded with light foxing ,else near fine.

J. M. Atwood Handwritten Letter to his Sister, July 13, 1861. 7.75" X 9.75" 4 pages, in neat unsmudged pencil script. Written to his sister from "Camp Grebble [sic] named after that noble lieutenant that was killed at the Great Bethel fight about a month ago." Atwood further details the problems with the indigenous populace that "have been catched with letters... from secessionists out of the town that were inquiring about our army." Atwood is highly critical of Benjamin Butler stating "the old fool let a good many of them go again". Atwood further states, concerning Butler that, "there is not a man in the whole army that likes him." Much additional information concerning military operations and the problems encountered in dealing with the "secessionists". Written just eight days before the shocking reality of First Manassas, Atwood expresses the naivete that was common among early war federal troops, believing that the war would be as Atwood states "a mighty pretty thing." Perfect condition.

J. T. Atwood Reports to His Sister in This May 1st 1862 Handwritten Letter. 5" x 8", 4 pages plus one page front and back in neat unsmudged pencil script. With the original cover with Old Point Comfort postmark. Written almost two months after the epic clash between the Monitor and the CSS Virginia (Merrimac), it is clear the Confederate iron clad still struck terror in the hearts of federal authorities and the decisiveness of the action of March 8 and 9 had not yet been recognized. Atwood finally states that he hopes "the Merrimac will soon come out for I want to settle it one way of the other for it puts a dread on the whole community just thinking about her." Atwood also details his "Gun Squad's" encounters with "Smacks", running up the river from Portsmouth and discovering that these small boats were actually involved in running "darkies" to the protection of federal guns. Much additional detailed news of military operations, both pending and past. An important letter in perfect condition.

Group of Eight Civil War Associated Documents Relating to Henry C. Koch, 24th Wisconsin, including one Signed by Major General P. H. Sheridan. Koch enlisted in Company "B" on August 15,1862, and was by trade an architect. His skills as a map maker were quickly recognized and he was detailed for the next three years to Sheridan's staff. The documents cover the period from May 3, 1864, to March 24, 1866, the date of the Sheridan letter. The letter is 7.75" x 9.75"on stationary of the Headquarters, Military Department of the Gulf in New Orleans, and, although written by a staff member, is signed by Sheridan. The letter of recommendation, sent to Koch after his discharge, acknowledges his "valuable services...in the Engineer department at my headquarters" and states that, "the maps of the different battle fields....executed by you reflect credit on the most experienced in your profession." Koch was one of the most important cartographers in the Union Army and many of his maps are included in the atlas of the 'Official Records". General Sheridan personally presented Koch with a brass compass after the battle of Stone River (see Heritage Auction #663 Item 72083), as a token of esteem for his valuable services.

Also included is a 7.75" x 9.75" one page Autograph Letter Signed dated June 19th 1865 from Brigadier General George A. Forsyth, directing another commander to provide aid to Koch in completing his "surveys in the Shenandoah Valley" which "will be considered as a favor by Maj Genl Sheridan." Also included is Koch's discharge from the 24th Wisconsin dated June 1, 1865, and five other ink manuscript orders/letters, several under direct orders from Sheridan, detailing Koch's service and movement during the period. A few documents weak at the folds, but all very fine and the Sheridan signature is bright and crisp. Very nice group.

1860 Nautical Engineer's Manual Inscribed to John Spidell of the CSS Nashville and Isaac H. Walling, Who Helped Raise the Hull of the Merrimac. 4" x 6.25" folding black Moroccan leather wallet type binding. Engineer's and Mechanics Pocket - Book, Chas. H. Haswell, Harper & Brothers, 1860, 316 gilt edged pages. Bears the ink script inscription on the front leaf "John Spidell Mobile Bay Dec. 6, 1862", above which is an ink stencil "Capt. I. H. Walling, Little Neck L. Island." This same stencil is on the dedication page.

Spidell served as third assistant engineer on the CSS Nashville in 1861 and 1862 and first assistant engineer on the CSS Florida from September 4, 1862 to January 15, 1863 while she was being fitted out in Mobile Bay. Isaac Walling's records provide an interesting and checkered history. Prior to the war, Walling was mate on the wrecking schooner Henry W. Johnson of New York, but on April 19, 1861 he enlisted in Company "E" of the 41st Virginia, transferring to Co. "C" 19th Virginia heavy Artillery on April 19, 1862 and to Kovell's Company of United Virginia Artillery on October 1, 1862. Recognizing his pre-war experience, however, he was detailed from April 15, 1861 to February 15, 1862 to aid in raising the hull of the USS Merrimac from the Elizabeth River. Walling is listed as a deserter on December 22, 1864, being taken aboard the USS Onondaga on December 23. The book is in excellent complete condition, just showing some honest wear on the edges. Copious working notes throughout. A scarce little book with a remarkable Confederate Navy history.

General William Mahone: Collection of Three Slave Documents - "A Little Pet" Confederate General William Mahone is known to have owned slaves before and during the war. Although he was renowned for his fair treatment and advocacy of emancipation after the war, evidence of Confederate General actual ownership of slaves is very rare. Two of these documents here are receipts for slaves Mahone purchased. The first document is a receipt of $1,450 for a "negro woman Tamar and her three children James, Mary and Jinny..." from the executor of the estate of George Upshur. Dated December 23, 1850, the document measures approximately 8" x 10" and is in very good condition with fold marks on the reverse.

The second receipt is for $925 received from William Mahone for the purchase of a "negro slave" named "Celey". Handwritten into the printed receipt are Mahone's name and the signatures of Samuel Gregory and William Hall. Dated March 24, 1857 at Norfolk, Virginia the 8" x 4¼" document is in very good condition with fold marks and light foxing on the reverse. The printer's name of "William C. Shields" appears at the bottom of the obverse.

The last document is the most moving and controversial, handwritten on blue paper and measures 7 5/8" x 4 7/8" and is a deed of gift of a slave named Dickie, "son of Caroline" from Robert Butler to his daughter Otelia Butler, the future wife of General William Mahone. Butler refers to Dickie as Mrs. Mahone's "little pet". Dated August 1, 1837, the paper is in excellent condition with strong, dark ink. There are paper folds to the reverse with slight foxing at the folds.

These documents are unique artifacts of slave ownership by one of the Civil War's most prominent generals.

Very Nice Group of Four Civil War Period Cartes de Visite Pertinent to Lieutenant General Winfield Scott. Consists of: 1861-dated outdoor view by Brady/ Anthony of Scott in uniform with his sword; 1862-dated portrait by Charles Fredericks of New York of Scott in uniform with his magnificent waist belt; another 1862-dated view of Scott in civilian clothes at West Point after his retirement, taken June 10, 1862; the architectural view bears the back mark of D. Denison of Albany, N. Y. and is identified in period pencil script on the reverse as "Residence of J. W. Scott Castleton, N. Y." All four views are excellent, near perfect, and all are first generation Civil War period prints. Fine and scarce grouping.

Important 1862 Presentation "Railroad Map of the Southern States" by P. S. Duval and Son, Philadelphia. 54" x 31" lithograph detailing the railroad system of the southern states, obviously vital knowledge to the U.S. military. The map bears an ink script presentation from Thomas Kimber, who prepared the map as chairman of the Committee on Inland Transportation, to Colonel William D. Lewis who, in 1862 commanded the 110th Pennsylvania Infantry. Upon resigning his commission in December 1862 because of wounds received at Fredericksburg, Lewis presented the map to Colonel James Crowther, who succeeded him in command of the 110th. Crowther was killed at Chancellorsville and family tradition states that the map was on his person and the small stains at the folds are, in fact, his blood.

Peter S. Duval was born in France in 1805, came to the United States and, in conjunction with his son Stephen founding his printing and lithography company in Philadelphia. Duval is credited with producing the first color printing in the United States and produced high quality lithography for both commercial interests and the United States military. Separation at the center fold, small stains as noted, otherwise excellent, nicely presented in a mahogany frame. A very rare map with a great history.

Provenance: Crowther Family Descendants, Tharpe

M1855 Harper's Ferry Rifle with Probable Confederate Alteration to a Cavalry Carbine. With the fall of the U.S. Armory at Harper's Ferry to Virginia state forces large quantities of weapons and parts, many of them damaged in the fire that was set by retreating US forces to destroy the arsenal prior to its capture by the Confederates. While all "good and serviceable arms" were issued to Virginia and Confederate regular units, many of the damaged arms were reconfigured as cavalry weapons, where a shorter weapon facilitated use on horse back. The barrel of this weapon was shortened to just over 22", the stock to just forward of the rear band, resulting in a format very similar to the US M1855 rifled carbine. Additionally, the stock was hand checkered at the wrist to provide a better grip and the rear sight aperture was filled with pewter, further attesting to the carbine's intended use in close quarter combat. Untouched and a classic example of the type of weapon favored by many southern horsemen for cavalry combat.

Civil War Period Wallet from Virginia Retaining the Original Confederate Currency. 7 1/8" x 4", of tarred linen with labeled compartments for one, five, ten, twenty, fifty and hundred dollar bills. The contents have clearly been there since the war with a faint imprint of the bills on the dividers, a total of $115. Included are a $100 bill featuring Lucy Pickens, a $10 bill depicting artillery, and a $5 bill with the central theme of the capitol of Richmond. The Pickens note shows some age but is fine, the $5 and $10 notes are extremely fine. From near Delaplane/ Piedmont Station, Virginia. Most unusual and quite rare with untouched integrity.

Ninth Plate Tintype of George W. Gaither, Co. "C" 10th Virginia Infantry. Gaither enlisted at Harrisonburg, Virginia on April 10, 1862. The 10th Virginia served in every major action of the Army of Northern Virginia with the exception of Antietam. Through the course of the war, the regiment saw 1350 men under arms with only 45 remaining to surrender at Appomattox. Gaither is shown in civilian dress with classic Confederate gray kepi, with black band at the base, perched jauntily on his head. Very fine condition, tight emulsion, delicate tinting on his cheeks. Mounted in a period leather covered wall frame with brass suspension loop at the top. Nice image, great regiment.

Rare and Historic Pair of Pre-Civil War Epaulettes for an Officer in the 2nd Cavalry. Marked on the underside of the brass mounting plate "Horstmann Brothers & Allien/New York". Gold bullion with gilt brass crescents, rather slender bullion fringe typical of these earlier epaulettes. The circular pads with yellow velvet background, silver bullion border and large number "2." Red Moroccan leather undersides, brass attachment plates. It is interesting to note that Horstmann & Allien were well known for their penchant for supplying buttons and insignia to southern militia units, most notably Virginia, in the years leading up to the Civil War. Very fine condition, just showing some honest wear with a few minor "wrinkles" in the bullion fringe, very nice.

Silver Virginia State Seal Medallion from the John Ford Collection. This unique medallion is of the Virginia state seal in an oval shape surrounded by a buckle device. At the top near the hole fashioned to accept a necklace there is scrollwork around the edge of the oval. Manufactured during the Civil War, these type medallions are rarely found today.

Symbolic of Virginia pride and individualism, these pendants would be worn by men and women alike during the war. Cast in bas-relief, the silver oval depicts the Roman goddess Virtus standing atop the figure of tyranny who lies beneath her foot with his crown knocked off. With a sword in her right hand and a spear in her left, the semi-nude Virtus is wearing warrior attire. The oval is surrounded on the three sides by the state's Latin motto, Sic Semper Tyrannis, translated to "thus always to tyrants" referring to the death of the tyrant under Virtus' feet.

This medallion shows some grime that has accumulated over time, but the overall condition of the piece is excellent.

Provenance: John Ford; The Tharpe Collection of American Military History

Coin Purse Belonging to Confederate General "Extra Billy" Smith's Wife, 3" x 2" x .75", ivory panels on front and back, applied silver elements on lid, lavender silk lining with four compartments. Scuffs to ivory, minor loss to one corner of silver decoration and fraying to interior fabric. Overall very good condition.

William Smith, Virginia lawyer, politician and future Confederate brigadier general, married Miss Amelia Bell of Culpeper shortly after being admitted to the Virginia bar in 1818.

Provenance: Mrs. William Smith; Frederick Waugh Smith, South Africa; F.W. Smith, granddaughter; The Tharpe Collection of American Military History

Civil War-Period Gutta Percha Locket. Jewelry in this material, especially exhibiting patriotic motifs is quite scarce. This is an exceptional example. The face of the locket is deeply carved with a tucked wing American eagle perched on a cannon amidst foliage, with two flagstaffs in the background. A small iron loop is affixed at the top for suspension with a black silk ribbon. The interior of the locket has provisions for a portrait on either side. A wonderful example of the style of Civil War period jewelry used by wives and mothers to hold the cherished portrait of an absent soldier.

Rectangular Cast Brass Virginia State Seal Rectangular Sword Belt Plate on the Original Waist Belt. These pre-war plates are of excellent quality with most entering service with Virginia cavalry units in the early stages of the war. The original brown buff belt is in very good sound condition but retains only vestiges of the original saber hangers. These were primarily manufactured as enlisted saber belts. The plate and keeper bear the matching number 219. This example exhibits a wonderful "field expedient" repair with two copper rivets skillfully inserted through pre drilled holes to reattach the tongue, a common problem with these plates and typical of the Confederacy's need to repair rather than discard damaged equipment. Plate is excellent with very nice untouched patina. An unusual and interesting example of this scarce and desirable Virginia belt.

Virginia Style Two-Piece Interlocking CS Belt Plate on the Original Artillery Style Sword Belt. Cast brass, 86mm x 48mm with excellent fit and finish. Tongue with seraphed CS, wreath composed of laurel leaves and berries with crossed ribands at top and bottom. The Richmond Arsenal artillery-style brown patent leather belt retains the original brass adjusting buckle, leather adjustment loop, and large brass circular ring for suspension of the sword. Completely untouched and absolutely authentic in every respect. Includes a letter of authenticity from Steve Mullinax. A scarce and very desirable Confederate belt set.

Condition: All stitching tight and sound. Slight crazing to the leather finish, no flaking. Some honest wear to the edges of the large leather circular pad behind the sword suspension loop. All brass with very nice untouched patina. The plate has left a perfect impression on the leather backing tab. Overall the belt is very sound and supple and completely untouched.

Provenance: The Tharpe Collection of American Military History

Civil War Period "Virginia in Wreath" Rectangular Sword Belt Plate on the Original Belt. Although some of these plates are known to be post war, those with serial numbers, such as this example, are definitely of the period and been excavated from Civil war battlefields. 50mm x 84mm, of cast brass with medium width tongue. "Virginia" displayed in a panoply inside a laurel wreath on a stippled background. The plate and keeper bear the matching #811. The original leather belt remains intact and shows moderate crackling to the finish but sound, retaining only remnants of the original sword hangers. A very nice example of this striking Civil War period Virginia belt plate on the original belt.

Most Unusual and Probably Unique Confederate Virginia General Grade Officer's Sword Belt. The 1 7/16" wide red Moroccan leather belt is faced with elaborate gold bullion tape. Red Moroccan leather sword suspension pad, brass adjusting buckle, and bullion faced loop with D-ring. The 41mm x 75mm two-piece interlocking plate uses a heavy cast 23mm tongue, faced with a pre-war Virginia staff button, which is ingeniously attached to the cast tongue with copper wires and solder. The tongue is composed of laurel leaves with a floral rosette at the top and ribbon at the bottom. The belt attachment loops are deeply cast with leaf and scroll motifs. The face of the plate retains 80% of the original gilt, while the back of the plate retains 40% of the original black enamel finish, including nearly all of the original finish on the back of the tongue. Entirely hand finished and fitted the plate is doubtless the work of a Virginia jeweler and is unquestionably Civil War period or earlier. The belt, which is cored with burlap, exhibits a couple of edge cracks and some minor damage at the sword suspension pad but is very pliable and sound. Absolutely unique in our experience and a very attractive Virginia officer's sword belt.

Remarkable Condition Two-Piece Interlocking Virginia State Seal Officer's Waist Belt Plate, ca. 1850. 50mm x 86mm, heavily gilded brass with the tongue die struck in deep relief with the Virginia state seal and motto. The wreath is composed of laurel leaves and berries with crossed ribands at the top and bottom. Certainly the finest example of this scarce and desirable plate in existence.

Most Rare Confederate Officer's Two-Piece Interlocking "CS in Shield" Waist Belt Plate. 51mm x 75mm, with fewer than six examples known, this example utilizes a beautifully made replacement wreath, cast specifically for this tongue, and nearly impossible to detect. Although the exact point of origin of these plates remains a mystery, they are generally accepted as being of English manufacture, possibly by S. Buckley of Birmingham, and run through the blockade, obviously in very limited numbers. Excellent condition and the only example of this plate that has appeared on the market in recent years. Without question, generically among the rarest of all Confederate officers' waist belt plates.

Magnificent Southern Coin Silver Hot Water Urn made by the famed Richmond, Virginia silversmiths Mitchell & Tyler (1845-1866), 17.5" high, 62 troy ounces. This beautifully made urn is dotted with high relief repousse leaves and flowers accented with engraved highlights. The lid is capped with a detailed acorn finial. The top of urn has a beaded rim above a Greek key pattern. The feet are floriated. The handles are decorated with draping flowers and leaves. The heat breaks are ivory. The spirit lamp ingeniously locks into place on the underside of the urn and is invisible once in place. All three pieces, the urn, lamp and lid, are clearly marked "MITCHELL & TYLER". The bottom is engraved with the date " Feb. 4 1862". This urn was apparently part of a silver service presented to Cutshaw's battery as detailed in an accompanying Richmond newspaper article.

The right handle is slightly loose and the bottom of the nozzle is rough, but the urn is complete and in excellent condition. Southern coin silver pieces of this quality, condition, and size are exceedingly rare, particularly items made during the Civil War.

Civil War Period Watercolor of Mosby Among The Wagon Trains by Noted Confederate Artist Alfred Von Erickson. Von Erickson documented the war through watercolors and drawings in and around his native Fredericksburg, in many cases as an eyewitness, compiling a substantial archives of work during the war. Signed "A. E. Pencil Sketch Fredericksburg, Va." At lower right. Von Erickson's work represented such an important documentary record of Mosby's activities that it was used as a basis for the woodcuts in Mosby raider Lieutenant J. S. Beckham's book, The Life Of Mosby, published in 1866. 14" x 11", superb condition, very nicely presented in a period walnut frame.

Another Very Fine Example of Alfred Von Erickson's Work Entitled Mosby's Men Destroying The Railroad In General Grant's Rear. Signed at lower right "A. E. Pencil Sketch Fredericksburg, Va.", this 13" x 11" watercolor and pencil work exemplifies the methods by which Mosby harassed Grant's forces, causing precious resources to be diverted from the overall war effort to combat Mosby's actions. Mosby's men are depicted tearing up the rail lines and burning the station, with the intention of interfering with Grant's ability to resupply, thus, obviously prolonging the war. Von Erickson documented the exploits of Mosby and the importance of his work is reflected by the use of it to illustrate Lieutenant J. Beckham's book "Life of Mosby" published just after the war. Wonderful condition with just the slightest touch of foxing at the upper right, minor. Nicely mounted in a period walnut frame.

Dramatic Oil on Canvas Rendering of a Cavalry Saber Duel During"Stuart's Ride" by William B. T. Trego. One of the more controversial of Stuart's forays, the Confederate "Cavalier" undertook a three day ride (June 12-15, 1862) around McClellan's right flank to glean intelligence of his movements in preparation for what would be know as the "Seven Days Campaign." Stuart's 1200 men covered over 100 miles during which they captured and sank two schooners, destroyed Tunstall's Station of the York River railroad, and engaged in several skirmishes, one of which is depicted here by Trego.

The 18" x 15.5" monochromatic work features a Union and a Confederate cavalryman engaged in a desperate hand to hand duel with drawn sabers. Both cavalrymen are depicted with their full complement of equipment including carbines. The Confederate trooper at the right wears a plumed slouch while the Federal cavalryman at the left is bare headed in his regulation shell jacket, The stark terror and determination engendered by mano a mano combat is etched on their faces. A complement of mounted troopers is depicted in the background awaiting the outcome of the fight. The musculature and fluidity of movement of the horses is beautifully rendered. Trego's signature is at the lower right.

William B. T. Trego was the son of portrait painter Johnathan Trego and was stricken by paralysis at the age of two, probably the result of polio. Despite this handicap he went on to become a noted painter of military subjects. His public career was launched when he exhibited and sold his painting "The Charge of Custer at Winchester" at the Michigan State Fair in 1880. the proceeds from this sale financed a move to Philadelphia where he attended the Pennsylvania Academy, studying under Thomas Eakins. He won the first Toppan Prize in 1882 at the Academy and in 1887 Trego set sail for Paris. At the Academy Julian, he studied under Tony Robert-Fleury and William Adolphe Bouguereau, exhibiting battle subjects at the Paris Salon in 1889 and 1890. Upon his return to Philadelphia in 1890, Trego was hailed as the "American Detaille" for his dramatic military paintings. Published as part of the magnificent "Century Collection", the caption identifies the federal trooper as a German member of the 5th US cavalry, who was finally shot and killed by the Confederates. Housed in a period frame the overall measurements of which are 26" x 23.25", the painting is in pristine condition. Trego's spectacular representation of Civil War mounted combat would be the center piece of any cavalry collection.

Exquisite Pen and Ink From Life Portrait of Raphael Semmes, Captain of the Notorious Confederate Raider CSS Alabama. 3.5" x 6.5" sight size, archivally mounted to 10.75" x 14" overall. Titled in ink "Le Capitaine Semmes, de l'Alabama" The portrait is signed "Galland" (probably Pierre Victor Galland - French - 1822 - 1892). And further inscribed "Cherbourg 14 Julliet 1864" The Alabama put into Cherbourg on June 11, 1864 for much needed repairs only to have the Kearsarge discover her whereabouts and blockade the harbor. Semmes promptly decided to fight and the epic struggle between the two ships occurred on June 19 with the Alabama being forced to strike her colors after one hour. Semmes and several of his officers were picked up by the English yacht Deerhound and feted in England before their return to the Confederacy. The portrait is beautifully rendered and shows the always dapper Semmes looking quite relaxed with the harbor of Cherbourg in the background. Most impressive and in perfect condition.

Provenance: Kennedy Galleries, New Yor

USS Kearsarge Captain John A. Winslow Ink Drawing From Life. "Le Capitaine Winslow, du Kearsarge", 3.75" x 6.75" sight size, matted to 10.75" x 14" overall, signed "Galland" and inscribed "Cherbourg 22 Julliet 1864". The victor of the historic Alabama vs. Kearsarge duel is shown in civilian clothing standing on a Cherbourg street near the docks. Winslow holds a rolled document and appears to be expounding to a listener. In perfect condition

Provenance: Kennedy Galleries, New York;

USS Kearsarge Lieutenants Wheeler and Smith Ink Drawing From Life. "Lieut Wheeler, Lieut Smith Maitres Canonniers du Kearsarge", 5" x 7.25" sight size, matted to 10.75" x 14" overall, signed "Galland" and inscribed "Cherbourg 24 Julliet 1864". The artist here refers to these officers as gunners, however James R. Wheeler was Acting Master and Sidney L. Smith was an Assistant Engineer. Both subjects are wearing U.S. Navy uniforms as they stand on a Cherbourg dock. In perfect condition

Provenance: Kennedy Galleries, New York

Very Fine Civil War Artillery Gunner's Haversack as used by the No. 4 gunner to transport the cartridge to the gun, in order to, at least in theory, preclude the accidental ignition of the powder. This example is deeply marked in the center of the front flap "U. S./ Watervliet/ Arsenal".The bag itself is near mint, completely untouched with just some minor scuffs at the edges. The sling and latch tab both show some cracking to the finish but just some tiny spots of flaking and very sound. Both buckles perfect with just a coat of grime. A choice example of this scarce piece of Civil War artillery equipment.

Very Nice Pair of Civil War Enlisted Man's Brass Shoulder Scales. Worn primarily by cavalrymen and artillerymen, although prescribed early on for infantry as well. Fine condition with original brass plates on the underside for attachment to the coat. Just a couple of minor dents on the crescents. These have become rather scarce and are a basic adjunct to a Civil War enlisted man's uniform.

Near Mint Civil War Artillery Driver's Leg Guard. Worn by the caisson driver to protect his inside leg from the tongue of the caisson. Complete with all straps and steel plate. Straps just show some cracking to the finish, but absolutely no flaking, otherwise perfect. Quite scarce and an exceptional example.

Battlefield Pick-Up Confederate D-Guard Bowie Knife, 19" blade, 23.75" overall length, wooden grip mounted to iron guard. This classic Southern fighting knife from the Battle of Atlanta near Stone Mountain, Georgia enjoys a rich, uncleaned natural patina on all elements. Two splits to wooden grip, else fully intact. The knife is accompanied by an old tag describing its recovery from the battlefield by an officer in the 4th Michigan, who presented it to the regimental surgeon.

Confederate Carbine Cartridge Box Used by W. R. Cline, 7th Virginia Cavalry, with One of the Original Enfield Eley Cartridges. The box is unquestionably pre-war and exemplifies the type of equipment often used by the beleaguered Confederates. The body of the box is 3" x 7¾" and slightly curved to fit the body, with a single wide belt loop having a 3" slot for the belt. The slightly larger, decoratively cut heavy black leather flap has a latch tab which closes over a small flat brass finial on the bottom of the box. The box uses a form fitted wooden block which is bored to accept eight cartridges of up to .69 caliber. A tool pouch is incorporated on the front with a woven leather button for closure. Included is a .577 caliber paper cartridge, embossed on the side "Eley Bros. London". The smooth sided Enfield Minie bullet, with the original boxwood base plug, is inverted and inserted into the top of the paper tube. The cartridge is in about perfect condition retaining the original powder. Attached to the box is an old paper tag with the pencil notation "Confederate Held Portion of Brit Cart Paper Mkd Eley". The outside flap of the box shows some crackling to the finish with just some minor flaking. The interior of the box, as evidenced by the cartridge, is perfect, completely untouched.

Also included with the box is a 1910 5.5" X 8.5" application to join the Confederate Veterans Magruder Post No. 36 from W. R. Cline of Front Royal, Va., listing his service with Company B 17th Virginia Infantry from 1861 to 1864 and late war service with Company B of the 7th Virginia Cavalry. Also included are Cline's pair of brass Civil War spurs, possibly Confederate manufacture, his period crossed sabers cavalry insignia and a yellow worsted wool cavalry hat cord. Cline was paroled at Appomattox Court House. The grouping is intact as found, which also includes Cline's original Southern Cross of Honor. Very nice piece of rare, identified Confederate used equipment with the added interest of the very scarce cartridge.

Confederate Tube or Cartridge Pouch Used by Pvt. John J. Ridgeley Co. A, 1st Louisiana Heavy Artillery. The box is accompanied by an old 1 1/8" X 3 3/8" glazed linen tag with typescript ID to Ridgeley at Fort. St. Philip, Louisiana. Ridgeley was mustered into service March 28, 1861, and served with the 1st Louisiana until his capture at Vicksburg, July 4, 1863. He was interned at several Federal prison camps until November 11, 1863, when he stated his desire to take the oath of allegiance and remain on the north as a loyal citizen, eventually settling in Bangor, Maine. The box is 5½" x 7" x 1½" thick, constructed of buff leather. Very unusual form and quite possibly of English manufacture. The lid folds over the top with a large latch tab closure being affected with a woven leather finial. The two 1" wide belt loops attach at the bottom with woven leather finials, which allows the loops to be easily detached for removal from the belt. A very rare piece of Confederate used equipment with excellent ID.

Condition: All leather supple, all stitching tight, overall completely untouched. Complete and original in every respect.

Remarkable Confederate Cap Box Captured at Gettysburg. A standard U.S. issue cap box marked "Jewell/ Maker/ Hartford" on the inside flap, brass finial, two belt loops (one now missing). The outside flap of the box was decorated by the Confederate soldier who used it by carving a First National Confederate flag on a staff and "CS of A". A period paper label is affixed at the top of the flap. Included with the box is the original 1970s article, in The Journal of the Company of Military Historians, which shows the ink script label clearly reading "Gettysburg". The label has now darkened so that it can only be discerned under black light, however a competent paper restorer could readily revitalize the inscription. Finish shows some crazing and flaking, latch tab torn, but overall sound condition and completely untouched. Graphically striking and unique in our experience, with wonderful provenance.


Provenance: Lee Wallace, Company of Military Historians Journal

Most Rare Republic of Texas-Period Silver and Gold Hat Badge. Although this insignia is often associated with the Civil War, when it was indeed used, as evidenced by the following lot, this iconic symbol has its origins in this earlier period of Texas history. Many of the, albeit exceedingly rare, examples of the use of this symbol trace their origins to the 1835 - 1845 period rather than the Civil War. 1½" across the points of the star, the badge is slightly convex and expertly fabricated of heavy sheet silver. The edges are decorated with ric-rac engraving, the "T E X A S" neatly hand engraved in shaded block letters at the base of each star arm. The separately affixed center star is of low-grade gold, with a delicately hand engraved shaded border. The sturdy brass loop for attachment appears to actually pass through the badge, and is most likely peaned over underneath the central gold star. There is some evidence of hammer strikes around the base of the loop. This was, due to the convex form, doubtless used as a hat badge with a wooden pin passing through the attachment loop for affixing to the hat. Completely untouched and uncleaned with a wonderful patina. Jeweler quality and generally accepted as being amongst the rarest of American military insignia.

Civil War Period Silvered Hat Badge of the 17th Texas Infantry. Having its origins in the period when Texas was an independent republic, this emblem was also used by Civil War Texas soldiers and has been observed on equipment, most notably wooden canteens, as well as buttons and various forms of insignia. This example is indigenous to Texas having been acquired from a noted Houston collector in whose hands it had resided for some 40 years. 1 5/8" across the arms at the widest point (the arms vary slightly ion length), rather crudely cut from silvered sheet brass. "T E X A S" (the E being reversed) hand engraved on the arms of the star. Hand engraved ric-rac border. Shaded hand engraved "17th" in the center, representing the 17th Texas infantry. A heavy sharpened stick pin is rather crudely soldered horizontally to the back.

The 17th Texas Infantry was organized at Camp Terry in March of 1862 and served in the trans-Mississippi Department. The regiment was heavily engaged at Milliken's bend, losing 21 killed and 68 wounded. An absolutely authentic and very rare piece of Texas Confederate insignia.

Gold and Enamel Mourning Badge for George K. Royall, Ball's Virginia Cavalry, Killed at 2d Manassas, August 30, 1862. Royall was a graduate of the University of Virginia and entered the 11th Virginia as a member of Ball's Cavalry early in the war, fighting at Seven Pines and Williamsburg. In the midst of the action at 2d Manassas a neighbor of the Royalls reported to his mother that George "Fit like a lion". Remarkably one of the Royall family servants accompanied George on to the battlefield and later told Royall's aggrieving mother "the last time I saw Mars George he had his testament in his hand, praying by a wounded soldier," it was the last time George would be seen alive.

The front of the 1¾" x 2¼" gold broach has the gold legend "In Memory Of" surrounded with black enamel. The glass covered compartment contains woven locks of blond and auburn hair. The back utilizes a T-bar pin and is inscribed in period block letters "George K. Royall Ball's Cav. Fri. 23 Aug. 1861." A tragic and touching memento of one family's sacrifice in defense of the Confederacy.

Unique Folk Art Calligraphy Rendering of General Robert E. Lee's General Order Number 9, Signed and Dated 1868. 12" x 15", executed in multi colored ink, signed F. P Gutter (?), obviously a highly skilled calligraphic artist. At the top is the Virginia state seal and motto, flanked by two hummingbirds holding ribands with "Appomattox C. H. April 10, 1865/ General Orders No. 9." The full text of the order is headed "General R. E. Lee/ Farewell Address/ To The/ Army of Northern Virginia." Beneath the text is a battle scene with cannon and debris strewn across the field, emblematic of the end of the war. The work is truly remarkable and commensurate with the finest examples of this desirable and scarce form of American folk art known. Very fine overall, mounted in a period oval walnut frame.

Exquisite Gold and Enamel Civil War Corps Badge of a Member of the 27th Massachusetts Infantry. The 27th was organized in September of 1861 and engaged with loss at both Roanoke Island and New Bern. The regiment was heavily fought throughout 1864 at Drury's Bluff, Cold Harbor, and Petersburg. The regiment served with the 9th corps, alternately serving with Heckman's Star brigade of the 18th corps. The upper section of the medal bears the insignia of the 9th corps 2d division, the gold crossed cannon and anchor being surrounded with white enamel. The border is decorated with delicately engraved flechettes, a horizontal T-bar is on the reverse. The medal pendant is a gold cross fleury with a red enamel center section representing the 1st division 18th corps. The arms of the cross are engraved with the unit, "27th/ Reg't/ Mass/ Vols". Certainly late war but a beautiful corps badge exhibiting the finest in workmanship and crafted of very high grade gold.

Large and Eclectic Collection of Civil War Relics Recovered from Northern Virginia. Over a thousand pieces, all absolutely untouched/unsorted, as found, nicely arrayed in a 20" x 21" x 11" Plexiglas display case, allowing 360 degree viewing of the collection. Hundreds of dropped bullets, with cursory inspection revealing three ringers, CS Gardners, various carbine rounds and, upon sorting, doubtless many pleasant surprises. Larger items includes U.S. waist belt and breast plates, bayonet scabbard tips, artillery fuses, musket butt plates barrel and lock, sword scabbards, shoulder scales, spurs, bits, gun tools etc. Most impressive and a wonderful adjunct to any general Civil War collection.

U.S. Regimental Silk Flag, 35 Hand Painted Gold Stars, with Gold Silk Fringe, ca. 1863. A regulation size U.S. Army regimental flag with beautiful gold silk fringe and 35 hand painted five-pointed stars 2½" in diameter, contracted from a Philadelphia, PA clothing depot. Regulation Government Issue U.S. National Color made under contract (either Horstmann Brothers and Co. or Evans & Hassel) in 1863. Flag measures 70" on its staff exclusive of the fringe by 76 1/8" on the fly, also exclusive of the fringe. Field consists of thirteen alternating horizontal red and white silk stripes approximately 5½" wide. Inset into the upper staff corner is a dark blue silk canton 38" on the hoist by 27 1/8" on the fly, including the sleeve bearing painted to both sides 35 five-pointed stars, each 2½" across their points. Thirty of the stars are set in two concentric elliptical rings. Ten in the inner ring, which measures 9" wide by 20½" high and 20 stars in the outer ring which measures 20" wide by 30½" high. An additional star decorates the center of the canton and four others are located in each of the corners of the canton. A 2" deep yellow silk fringe twisted and knotted decorates the three exterior edges. The pike or staff edge has been doubled over and lined to form a sleeve 2¾" wide when flat. The flag does not show any regimental markings and is in excellent condition for its age and composition. The main fractures to the silk are in the bleached white silk stripes. The color of the flag is bright and fresh. A rare and important Civil War flag in superb condition.

1861 Horstmann Contract, Company Level Guidon as Provided to the First Ten Regiments of Pennsylvania Cavalry. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, in 1861, contracted with Horstmann in Philadelphia to produce 112 of these "deep cut" (swallowtail) guidons for Pennsylvania cavalry regiments. The only other known example of this guidon was issued to the 1st Pennsylvania Cavalry.

Although the first ten guidons in the contract incorporated the Pennsylvania state seal (per agreements of 6 September and 24 October 1861) the remaining 100 guidons, as evidenced by this example, simply utilized "P"[ennsylvania] "V"[olunteers] and the company letter which in this case is "I". Pursuant to War Department orders, dated January 18, 1862, guidons were to be made in the form of the 'stars and stripes' and issued by the US Quartermaster Department, rather than the states, clearly establishing that this guidon was made and issued prior to 1862. Constructed entirely of silk, the guidon is 26½" on the hoist and 41½" on the fly. The hand painted letters are 3½" high. The fragile silk construction and early war issuance resulted in a very low survival rate for these flags. This iconic swallowtail form is emblematic of the romanticized ideal of Civil War cavalry regiments, this being a superbly provenanced example. A rare and important Civil War flag.

Impeccably Provenanced Confederate 1861 1st National Flag of the "Gaston Blues" - Company "H" 37th North Carolina Infantry. 35" x 50" of very fine wool bunting, eleven silk stars on both sides, 1½" silk fringe, ½" silk binding on the hoist with two silk ties. Seams where the stripes are joined reinforced with silk tape. "Gaston Blues 1861" neatly hand stitched in black silk thread with tiny loops, 2 7/8" high, on the white center stripe. The Gaston (County) Blues were mustered into Confederate service as Company H, 37th North Carolina Infantry, forming a part of Lane's North Carolina Brigade, and participated in all major actions of the Army of Northern Virginia from their baptism of fire at New Berne on 14 May, 1862 to the end of the war, including Manassas, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg where the unit suffered heavily in the Confederate assault on the Union center on the afternoon of July 3. Colonel Barker, the regiment's commander, stated in a report shortly after the Gettysburg Campaign, that "The regiment has lost one hundred and fifty men killed, seventy who have died of wounds, three hundred and two who have died of disease, and three hundred and thirty two have been wounded and recovered. Total loss killed and wounded, five hundred and fifty two....Fourteen officers of this regiment have been killed or mortally wounded... There are but six officers in the regiment who have not been wounded, a large number (both officers and men) have been wounded more than once." Stark testimony to how heavily fought this regiment was.

Included with the flag is a copy of an article from The Southerner magazine showing this flag as the center piece of a display in the New York Historical Society, April 28th to June 12th, 1949 in cooperation with The United Daughters of the Confederacy. The display, simply titled The Confederate States of America "occupied the main corridor of the white marble building at 77th Street and Central Park West." The caption of the photograph states, "Case displaying Confederate memorabilia, including a flag made by southern women from scraps of materials." Indeed, the silk stars on the flag include a decorative pattern in the weave clearly demonstrating they were once part of something else. Also included is a letter from the US War Department, dated March 23, 1928, to Mrs. A. H. Porter of Brooklyn New York stating, "It appears probable, therefore that the flag, you have in your possession is the flag of Company H 37th North Carolina Inf." Additionally there is an original large format presentation document from the "James Henry Parker Chapter Number 1583, United Daughters of the Confederacy" dated March 4, 1965, commending Emma Lou France Porter (Mrs. A. H. Porter) for 25 years of "devotion, service and loyalty". Mrs. Porter (nee Emma Lou France was clearly in possession of the flag from at least 1928. A beautiful, early war, Confederate 1st national in superb condition with a wonderful history identifying it to one of the Army of Northern Virginia's most hard fought and gallant regiments.

Condition: The condition of the flag is truly superb. Just a few tiny scattered moth holes, brilliant colors, all stitching tight and no loss to the silk fringe. As striking a Confederate 1st national as you will ever see. It is imperative when assessing the condition of Civil War Confederate flags to recognize that the stories of 'tattered, battle scarred' banners are, for the most part, strictly apocryphal. Indeed very few flags, including those with a documented history of being captured on the battlefield, show any signs of battle damage. The most common causes of damage being moths and the elements. It was, in fact, whenever possible, de rigeur for units to replace flags that had sustained damage, in any form. A case in point is the ANV battleflag in the DuBose collection, which exists today because it sustained very minor damage from field use and was brought home by the regiment's colonel, deemed no longer to fit to serve as the unit's badge of honor, and replaced with a new flag. Most of these early war presentation flags were, in fact, taken into Confederate service by company level units, only to be retired and sent home once these scattered units were incorporated into regular Confederate service, doubtless the history of this flag.

This flag has been carefully examined by authoritative in-house experts and has been deemed to be authentic and of the period in every respect including fabric, thread, dye and the method and pattern of construction. Additionally, any accompanying provenance has been verified as unique and indigenous to the specific flag it documents.

Exhibited: New York Historical Society 1949.

Provenance: Mrs. A.H. Porter UAC Chapter 1883.

Union Cavalry General Judson Kilpatrick's Personal Streamer with Superb Provenance. 2.5" x 90", yellow silk, swallow tail form on both ends, ¼" red silk border. The streamer bears the 1¼" high blue silk embroidered legend "Kilpatrick's Cavalry/ Alice". The streamer would have been suspended from the top of the flag staff at the center, resulting in the presentation as two separate streamers. Accompanying the streamer is a copy of a 23 November 1863 article from the New York Times titled "Reception of a Battle Flag" which states in part, "Tiffany of New York has manufactured at the expense of $125, a battle flag for the third division (Kilpatrick's) First Cavalry Corps... from the top of the flap, besides the tassels pendant, are two yellow streamers bordered with red - one bearing the name of "Alice" dearest friend of the General - and the other "Kilpatrick's Cavalry" in worked black (sic) letters." In reality, of course, "Alice" refers to Kilpatrick's first wife, Alice Nailer, who he wed upon graduation from West Point in 1861.

The young and reckless Hugh Judson Kilpatrick (1836 - 1881) was tolerated by his superiors, urged on by his ego and loathed by many who crossed his ambitious path. Kilpatrick was a divisional commander who rose to the rank of brevet major general during the war and his casual disregard for the lives of his men led to the sobriquet "Kill Cavalry". He was, however, a fighter and, as a result, was given increasing responsibility during the course of the war. A veteran of Brandy Station and Gettysburg, Kilpatrick was subsequently transferred to the western theater and commanded Sherman's cavalry to the end of the war. The streamer has been professionally conserved and restored. The red silk border is a correct replacement. The yellow silk body and the blue silk legend have been encased in mesh and the entire streamer has been mounted on a yellow silk backing, displays beautifully. A remarkable artifact that doubtless bore witness to some of the most vicious cavalry combat of the war.

1861 Regulation Civil War Union Brigadier General's Frock Coat. Buttons spaced in groups of two, per regulation, blue velvet cuffs, and high blue velvet stand up collar. Black silk lining, draped in the skirts, which are raw edged, and quilted in the breast in a 1" diamond pattern. The high quality silk sleeve lining exhibits a blue ticking pattern, although seldom encountered on period coats this is a detail noted on a number of Federal officers' coats produced by high end New York City tailors such as Brooks Brothers. The buttons are matching eagle staffs, all with Extra Quality backmarks and all original to the coat. Retains the original heavy gold bullion fringed brigadier general's epaulettes with the rank of a single silver bullion star. A single bullion star is also affixed at each shoulder, directly on the coat under the epaulettes, a practice adopted by Union officers in the latter stages of the war to lower the risk of being identified as a high value target to Confederate sharpshooters. Overall superb condition, just some honest wear on the velvet surface of the collar. A beautiful coat for both quality and condition conforming precisely to Civil War regulations and completely untouched.

Regulation Confederate Officer's Frock Coat of Lieutenant William Allen Hanger, Company E, 1st Virginia Cavalry. Cadet gray wool with yellow wool facings on cuffs and collar. Single gold bullion quatrefoil braid on each cuff, two gold bullion bars, designating the rank of 1st lieutenant on the collar facings. Hanger originally enlisted on April 19, 1861 in Waynesboro, Virginia and was elected 2nd lieutenant on January 2, 1862. On April 22 Hanger participated in a charge at Catlett's Station, Va., led personally by J.E.B. Stuart, and was wounded in the right arm. A period repair on the right arm of the coat is apparently the result of that wound. The wound never fully healed and Hanger was assigned to the Invalid Corps. He was later captured at Cedar Creek on October 19, 1864. Hanger was "esteemed by his comrades" and characterized in battle as "absolutely fearless"

All buttons are Federal eagle staffs with Extra Quality backmarks and are original to the coat. The coat exhibits a number of repairs to moth damage (exclusive of the repair to the bullet hole in the arms which is clearly earlier) , including replacement of the lower portion of the left skirt. Very well done and the coat displays beautifully. Accompanied by a four page letter of authenticity from noted Confederate uniform authority Les Jensen. An impressive Confederate frock coat with an excellent history.

Civil War North Carolina Confederate Officer's Slouch Hat Originally the Property of the North Carolina State Museum, Deaccessioned in 1963, Retaining the Original Ink Museum Inventory Number on the Leather Sweat Band. Buckskin colored wool felt of a form favored by General Robert E. Lee and many other Confederate officers. The 4" rolled brim is edged with a 9/16" ribbed silk binding. The crown stands 3 1/8" high with a 1" silk band around the base. The hat retains 90% of the original 1 7/8" brown leather sweatband. Absolutely original and unquestionably period. Also retains the original gold bullion officer's hat cord with acorn tassels which is stitched in place. The adjusting loop and acorns are covered with bullion netting, again a detail noted on other known Confederate officers hat cords. The sweat band shows some darkening from honest, tight and sound. There is a small hole on the left side of the brim, just behind the hat band bow and two small holes at the left rear of the crown, otherwise excellent and completely untouched. A classic Confederate officer's slouch hat with a similar example picture on page 166 of Time-Life's Echoes of Glory- Arms and Equipment of the Confederacy.

Confederate Virginia Cavalry Officer's Hardee Style Hat with the Original Insignia and Plume. This rakish hat is a classic example of the type of headgear worn by many cavalry officers, most notable from Virginia, into the early stages of the war. This style and color of hat was also worn by a number of Confederate general grade officers including General William Mahone of Battle of the Crater fame. The Hardee style cavalry officer's insignia with bullion crossed sabers on a velvet background, bordered by coiled brass wire is neatly stitched to the front of the hat. The 3½" brim is upturned at one side and tacked in place with a five pointed bullion star insignia. The original black ostrich feather plume is tucked into the 1" silk hatband at the side. Retains the original acorn tipped bullion officer's hat cord of a style generally associated with Confederate use. As is often the case with period hats of this form and material, the crown has number of old repaired cracks along the edge and there are several cracks, without loss around the edge of the brim. But traces of the original leather sweat band remain. A very nice example of this most dashing form of Civil War headgear popularized by the "cavaliers" of Virginia.

Regulation Civil War Confederate Lieutenant's Kepi in Exceptional Untouched Condition, Doubtless One of the Finest Examples Extant. Gray wool body with 1½" black wool band around the base. Single strand of gold bullion quatrefoil, designating a lieutenant by Confederate regulations, on the deeply recessed crown, a construction detail unique to the Civil War period. The ½" tarred leather chinstrap, utilizes a gilded brass adjusting buckle, and is affixed with exquisite quality Virginia State seal side buttons. Although a maker's name is not discernible, the buttons are brass backed and unquestionably period. The buttons retain traces of the original gilt. Brown cotton lining with a 1 9/16" leather sweat band. The tarred leather visor is edged with a black oil cloth binding. The body of the hat is filled with cotton batting, again typical of Civil War period Confederate headgear. All hand stitched, including the sweat band and visor. Absolutely superb condition. One minor crack in the visor, just a few pin holes of mothing. Absolutely untouched with every stitch indigenous to the Civil War. Truly the paradigm of a regulation Civil War period Confederate lieutenant's kepi.

Very Rare Confederate Navy Officer's Regulation Folding Chapeau de Bras. This magnificent hat is 17¼" wide at base, 4¾" high at front, 5¼" high at back. Black beaver skin body with four bullion coils affixed vertically on the center of the front fold, with a black silk tufted and ribbed black silk cockade. At the base of the coils is a coat size regulation Confederate naval officer's button with "Isaacs Campbell & Co. London" backmark, untouched and absolutely original to the hat. Both sides of the chapeau are edged with a 1" wide black silk ribbon decoratively woven with oak leaf and acorn motifs. The lining is quilted black silk with gold embossed label of "Joseph Starkey/ 23 Conduit St. London", a manufacturer with known Confederate naval association. An absolutely correct and completely untouched example of what is doubtless one of the rarest forms of Confederate regulation headgear with only a handful of known surviving specimens.

Condition: Body of the hat shows honest heavy wear along the bottom edge, some fraying at the corners and tufted high points of the decorative silk edging. One coil of the bullion is slightly 'sprung' at the top. Silk quilted lining excellent with just some minor fading along the bottom edge from honest use. Overall untouched and very sound.

Confederate General's Collar Insignia of Thomas Lafayette Rosser. 2.5" x 4.5", buff wool background with three heavy gold bullion embroidered stars encircled by a wreath of leaves and acorns, as prescribed in Confederate regulations for general grade officers. One of the Confederacy's most capable cavalry commanders, Rosser resigned from West Point two weeks prior to graduation on April 22, 1861, and accepted a commission as 1st lieutenant in the regular Confederate service. His gallant conduct at First Manassas and Mechanicsville brought him to the attention of J. E. B. Stuart and he was commissioned as colonel of the 5th Virginia Cavalry. Leading the 5th to brilliant success, Rosser was commissioned a brigadier from September 28, 1863 and assumed command of the famed Laurel Brigade, doubtless the point in time that he donned this insignia. In November 1864 he assumed command of Early's cavalry in the Shenandoah and was promoted to major general. Rosser initially refused to surrender at Appomattox and cut his way to freedom, but was later captured and paroled in May 1865. Both pieces in very fine condition, untouched and acquired from Rosser's direct lineal descendants. Generically very rare, with only a handful of existing examples.

Striking Plaster Bust of John Singleton Mosby by American Master Sculptor Herbert Barbee. Mosby's achievements in command of a cavalry force of Virginia partisan rangers during the war require no embellishment. He is generally credited with prolonging the life of the Confederacy, and his military prowess in the field resulted in eastern Virginia being dubbed "Mosby's Confederacy."

The son of prominent sculptor William Randolph Barbee, Herbert inherited his father's genius and succeeded to his tasks. Periodically studying in Italy, under his father's tutelage, Barbee became one of America's most prominent and prolific sculptors and by the end of the 19th century was renowned for his likenesses of prominent Virginians including Washington, Lee, and Jackson.

This magnificent plaster bust of Mosby was completed and hand signed by Barbee in 1920. The bas-relief oval is 1" in depth, and measures 18½" X 24½". Mosby is depicted facing to the right in his Confederate colonel's frock coat with the three corresponding stars on the collar. The highly detailed Virginia state seal buttons are hand gilded. The intricate lines of his facial features and hair are well defined, giving the sense that this portrait could have been done from life, even though it was completed four year's after Mosby's death as a commemoration of the great cavalry officer's life. The condition of the piece is near perfect, just showing the slightest aging. Beautifully mounted in a 5" deep, highly carved, gilt frame with a beaded oval 26" opening. A highly desirable and very important work by one of America's most pre-eminent sculptors, depicting one of the most renowned figures in Virginia Confederate history.

Most Important Sixth Plate Ambrotype Portrait of John Singleton Mosby, the only war date hard image of Mosby extant. Mosby clearly displays the pallor and demeanor of a man who is seriously ill. Careful research indicates this portrait was taken by a Winchester, Virginia photographer in early 1865. At the time Mosby was recovering from a near fatal gun shot wound he suffered on December 21, 1864. On that date Mosby, and fellow partisan ranger Tom Love, stopped for dinner at the Loudon County Virginia home of Ludwell Lake. Without warning, a small force of federal cavalry appeared at Lake's residence and in the ensuing melee a single gunshot from the Federals passed through a window and struck Mosby in the stomach. Despite the debilitating pain, prior to Federal troops entering the house, Mosby stashed his military frock coat and feigned imminent death. The Federals took Love prisoner, but left Mosby to die as an unidentified and, seemingly unimportant, bystander. Subsequently the bullet was extracted and Mosby was sent to his father's home near Lynchburg to recover. It was during this period of convalescence that this portrait was executed.

In the spring of 1865, Mosby returned to the field, having been promoted to full colonel, for the final few months of the war. He finally disbanded his command on April 20, 1865 rather than surrender to the Union authorities. Mosby wears a gray coat and vest, devoid of military devices, doubtless in an attempt to remain as unobtrusive as possible during his recovery. A few tiny, really negligible scratches at the mat, otherwise perfect, bright and crisp. Housed in a period figural thermoplastic "Union" case. This image descended through the family of Joseph Hancock Blackwell of Mosby's command. Blackwell's home, "Heartland" served as Mosby's headquarters until September 24, 1864, when it was burned by federal troops. The photographer's logo is neatly scratched on the edge of the plate. Without question, the most important Civil War period image extant, of one of the Confederacy's most romanticized heroes.

Magnificent Circa 1858 Half Plate Ambrotype Portrait of Confederate General Robert D. Lilley and Major James Templeton. Original period ID on a penciled note attached to the back of the image, "Col. Robt. D. Lilley/ Maj. Jam. Templeton/ Daddy's Uncle". Robert Doak Lilley is the shorter officer standing at the right. Lilley entered Confederate service commanding Company "C" of the 25th Virginia Infantry and by virtue of being the senior ranking officer on the field commanded the regiment at Antietam. His gallant conduct resulted in a promotion to major after Gettysburg and, on June 2, 1864, Lilley was promoted to brigadier general and given command of Jubal Early's old brigade. Lilley served the remainder of the war in the Shenandoah, losing his right arm and being captured at Winchester against Sheridan. James Templeton was a surgeon who also served gallantly with Lee's Army of Northern Virginia.

The officers are shown wearing typical pre war high collar double breasted militia officers' frock coats. The belts utilize two piece interlocking plates with the Virginia state seal. All buttons, including the one on Templeton's chapeau also display the Virginia state seal. Heavily fringed bullion epaulettes Templeton's sword has a plumed helmet pommel while Lilley's is an eagle head, both with ivory plaque grips and heavily embellished hilts and scabbards. Gilt tinting has been skillfully applied to the epaulettes and swords, with the sashes delicately tinted red. Light tinting also visible on the officers' cheeks. The portrait is obviously the work of a highly skilled photographer, exhibiting superb quality. Just a couple of tiny brown age spots, really negligible, otherwise perfect. Housed in what appears to be the original black thermoplastic "Union" case with the central theme of an allegorical Elizabethan scene. Near perfect condition, just a few minor edge chips. An important antebellum image of one of the Confederacy's true "fighting generals."

Important Quarter Plate Daguerreotype Portrait of Confederate Major General Carter Littlepage Stevenson as a Lieutenant in the 5th U.S. Infantry, ca. 1846. Stevenson was promoted to captain in June 1847, clearly dating the image. C. L. Stevenson graduated from West Point in 1838. He rendered distinguished service in the Seminole war and the Mexican War being cited for bravery at Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma. In the years leading up to the Civil War he took part in the Seminole war of 1856-57 and the Utah Expedition. With the outbreak of the Civil war he offered his services to his native Virginia and was given command of the 53rd Virginia Infantry. Stevenson was promoted to brigadier general in February of 1862 and shortly thereafter transferred to the Department of East Tennessee and given command of a division. He was promoted to major general in October of 1862 and served gallantly and ably at Chickasaw Bluffs, Champion's Hill, and Vicksburg where he was briefly a prisoner. After returning to Confederate service he brilliantly led his troops at Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, Kenesaw, Resaca and Nashville, surrendering with Johnston in April 1865. There stands today a monument to Stevenson at Vicksburg.

The image is untouched, displaying minor edge tarnish and a couple of really negligible abrasions. A manuscript note which now accompanies the image reads, "By J. L. Giffing 214 main St. Buffalo From O. B. Evans Gallery", there is no way to establish if the note is, in fact, indigenous to this image. Typical mid-1840s casing, which is excellent. A small museum catalog number is painted in white at the top edge of the case. This is the exact image used in several biographies of Stevenson and, interestingly, is also the portrait posted in the Wikipedia listing. Only one other daguerreotype of Stevenson is known to exist. A magnificent image, with wonderful provenance, of a gallant "fighting" Confederate general.

Confederate Major General Thomas Lafayette Rosser: Signed Cabinet Photograph, ca. 1868. 4 1/8" X 6 1/8", signed in ink "Thos Rosser". The rakish pose befits one of the Confederacy's most aggressive cavalry commanders. Rosser resigned from West Point April 22, 1861, just two weeks short of graduation and promptly entered Virginia Confederate service. A favorite of Gen. JEB Stuart, Rosser soon commanded the 5th Virginia Cavalry and, after brilliant success in that capacity, was appointed brigadier general in September 1863 , succeeding to command of the famed Virginia Laurel Brigade. Rosser became a man of considerable means after the war and, ironically, on June 10, 1898 he accepted an appointment from President William McKinley as a brigadier general of U.S. volunteers. Rosser died in Charlottesville, Va. in 1910. The image is about perfect while the mount shows some wear on the corners and one noteworthy nick at left center edge, signature fine. Very scarce.

Confederate General Jubal Early: Battlefield Sketch by Major A. W. Kescheral. 5" x 6.5" on an old archival mount. The sketch is signed at lower left in ink script "A. W. Kesch(eral)" and titled at lower right "After Fisher's Hill 22 Sept. 1864." Additional pencil script ID is on the mount at lower left, "No. 20 Gen. Early by Major A. W. Kescheral C. S. A." Succeeding to division, and subsequently Corps command, Lee referred to Early as his "bad old man" because of his short temper, but appreciated Early's aggressiveness and ability to command units independently. Early was soundly defeated by Sheridan's superior tactics at Fisher's Hill and it was only the brilliant rear guard action of Gordon, Ramseur and Pegram that allowed Early's army to escape the field.

Early is depicted here with superb detail, seated on a hollow log, wearing a frock coat with rolled collar and a rumpled slouch hat. He holds a large tin cup inn his right hand and his sword in his left with one sword suspension strap visible. His boots, with spurs rise to just above the knees. The wooded background reveals several mounted soldiers among the trees. Early's defeat at Fisher's Hill opened the Shenandoah Valley to Sheridan's strategy of "total war". Early's exhausted but proud demeanor is clearly evident in this wonderful sketch. Most rare with only a handful of examples of Confederate battlefield art known to exist.

Major General George E. Pickett "Awaiting the Signal": Battlefield Portrait by Colonel A. R. Boteler. Without question one of the most important pieces of eyewitness battle field art to emerge from the American Civil War. Major general George E. Pickett, "Awaiting the Signal," signed and dated at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863 by Col. A. R. Boteler, executed within hours, or moments, of Pickett issuing the fateful order, "Up men and to your posts! Don't forget that you are from old Virginia!", that would result in one of the greatest and most tragic clashes in American military history, forever to be known as "Pickett's Charge."

Alexander Robinson Boteler was elected to the First Confederate Congress, but alternated his legislative work with military service. A descendant of Charles Wilson Peale, Boteler was, among other things, an accomplished artist. He was instrumental in the design of the Great Seal of the Confederacy and illustrated several books before and after the war. A large collection of his Civil War portrait work was purchased by the Military Historical Society of Boston in 1887. Boteler's Confederate military career began with his appointment, with the rank of Colonel, to the staff of Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson, who was a personal friend. Subsequent to Jackson's death at Chancellorsville he was, for an interim period, including at Gettysburg, on Lee's staff, and served through 1864 on the staff of JEB Stuart. From November 1864 to the end of the war he was a member of the Military Court Department and was with Lee's army at Appomattox.

His penchant for sketching battlefield scenes is well documented and there is a well known incident of Jackson querying Boteler about the subjects of his work. Pickett is depicted in this 5.75" x 8.75" gouache leaning against a tree with his arms folded in front, in the midst of a grove of trees. A number of dismounted officers in various uniforms are visible in the background with their horses. Pickett wears a double breasted frock coat with general's insignia clearly visible on the collar. His sword is suspended from a belt with an unidentified rectangular buckle, and his boots, with spurs, extend well above his knees. The characteristic curls of his hair roll down to the collar of his coat. Most significantly he wears a wide brim slouch hat with a small unidentified insignia on the front, whereas tradition has previously held that he was wearing a general grade officer's kepi at Gettysburg. Additionally, unlike the traditional description of Pickett being "filled with excitement" at the prospect of beginning the assault, his demeanor is clearly that of a man steeped in thought, doubtless contemplating the importance of the drama that is about to unfold. "Awaiting the Signal Gettysburg July 3, 1863" in ink script at the bottom. Boteler's signature with A. R. inside the two loops of the letter B is at the lower right. Doubtless executed in the field by Boteler as a pencil sketch and subsequently finished by him as a gouache. The image is on an old archival mount with a further pencil script ID at the bottom of the mount, "No. 21 Gen. Pickett, by Col. A. R. Boteler, of Gen. Lee's staff. An incredible piece of Civil war battlefield art, of incalculable importance, offered here for the first time.

Superb Condition Very Rare Confederate Cavalry Saber and Scabbard by Louis Haiman & Bro., Columbus, Georgia. The 35½" blade utilizes an unstopped fuller that extends to within 8" of the tip. The blade is very nice, smooth and gray with just scattered salt and peppering and one small patch of light pitting at the ricasso. Interestingly the blade is marked "CSA" in 3/16" high block letters on the obverse ricasso, uncharacteristically giving every appearance of being period. The brass hilt is architecturally perfect with a nice dark untouched patina, just a number of small nicks/ dings on the underside of the guard. The hilt is very tight. The grip is covered with very heavy wide weave oil cloth and wrapped with heavy single strand iron wire, absolutely perfect. The original brass mounted iron scabbard is truly remarkable. It retains 98% of the original brown lacquer finish, just some minor surface scratches, really stunning. Crudely fashioned iron drag and throat. The brass ring mounts retain 90% of the original gilt, the carrying rings are iron. Louis Haiman and his brother Elijah operated through most of the war, producing a wide variety of military good including superior quality edged weapons. Although reasonably prolific, the survival rate on their swords is very low. Possibly the finest example known of this rare and desirable Confederate manufactured saber.

Historic Confederate Boyle & Gamble Foot Officer's Sword and Scabbard Inscribed in the Blade Etch to Lieutenant Malcolm L. Hudgins, Company F, 21st Virginia Infantry. The sword is a classic example of the high quality weapons produced by Boyle & Gamble throughout the course of the war at their manufactury on Sixth Street in Richmond, Virginia. The 29¼" blade incorporates an unstopped fuller and is etched for 2/3 of its length. The obverse includes, in the central panel, the etched inscription, "Lieut. Malcolm L. Hudgins/ Co. F 21st Va. Inftry". Beneath which is a second national Confederate flag over a shield and the firm name, "Boyle & Gamble". CSA is in a central panel on the reverse side of the blade, with a second national Confederate flag above crossed cannons beneath which is the unusual engraved detail of "Richmond/ 1863".

Malcolm L. Hudgins enlisted in the 21st Virginia on May 16, 1861. The regiment saw action in all the major campaigns of the Army of Northern Virginia with Hudgins rising through the ranks to his appointment as 2d lieutenant on May 20, 1863. In October 1864 he was wounded and captured at Fisher's Hill, doubtless the point at which this sword was taken. It is interesting to note that shortly after Hudgins' promotion to 2d lieutenant, in June and July of 1863, he is listed as absent sick in Richmond, most likely the point at which he acquired this sword. The pierced guard and leaf decoration on the pommel cap are typical of Boyle & Gamble. The original brass mounted, top stitched leather scabbard is excellent with just some minor crackling of the finish and a couple of minor seam openings near the bottom mount, very sound. Ring mounts deeply cast with leaf decoration, brass carrying rings. The sword is 34½" overall. All brass with very pleasing untouched patina, the blade smooth and gray with crisp etching. A rare Confederate manufactured junior grade officer's sword with very desirable ID and history.

Rare Confederate Staff and Field Officer's Sword and Scabbard by Leech & Rigdon in Superb Untouched Condition. Oft referred to by collectors as the "floating CS" pattern , these swords are recognized as being among the rarest of the myriad products produced by Leech & Rigdon, with only a handful of known specimens. The 30½" nearly straight blade uses a single deep unstopped fuller, the overall length of the sword being 37". The guard displays the CS between the outward and middle branches, with foliate decoration on the ends of the branches, and a sunburst pattern cast on the underside of the guard, radiating from the blade. The knuckle bow is slotted to accept a sword knot where it meets the distinctive notched pommel cap. The leather wrapped grip is very nice, retaining the original twisted brass wire. The brass mounted leather scabbard is back stitched and the mounts are attached with screws, the carrying rings are brass. The condition is really quintessentially untouched/ uncleaned. The hilt retains 40% of the original gilt. The blade is smooth and gray with just some scattered stains, retaining the original leather washer. The scabbard exhibits crackling to the finish but is intact and very sound. For the purist, as fine an example of this scarce sword as you will ever see. From the firm's establishment in Memphis, through moves to Mississippi and Georgia, Leech & Rigdon was among the most prolific manufacturers of weapons and equipment for the Confederacy. Their products are highly sought after, this sword being one of the rarest.

Confederate Staff and Field Officer's Sword Manufactured at College Hill Arsenal, Nashville, Tennessee and Inscribed to Lieutenant E. M. Johnston, Company "A", 11th Regiment, Mississippi Infantry. The 11th Mississippi was engaged at First Manassas, as well as Antietam and occupied Pettigrew's left flank in the conflagration that was Picket's Charge at the Battle of Gettysburg.

The overall length of the sword is 36". The 30 3/8" blade, with the distinctive pen knife ricasso, is etched on both sides to within 6" of the tip. The obverse of the blade is etched with scroll motifs and a blank central panel. The etching on the reverse includes a Confederate 1st national flag and NCSA in the central panel. All etching is highlighted with scroll work and hand engraved details. The blade is smooth and bright with just a few patches of light pitting and a couple of tiny nicks, really very nice. The sword retains the original leather washer at the hilt. The basket of the guard is pierced with floral and scroll work along with the CS and cast floral decoration on the outboard branch. The distinctive pommel cap is plain and the leather grip with twisted wire wrap is near perfect. The entire hilt retains approximately 75% of the original gold wash. The brass-mounted leather scabbard, which is contemporary to, and was unquestionably used with the sword bears the logo of the Ames Manufacturing Co. At least one other Cunningham/ College Hill sword is known utilizing an Ames scabbard. The face of the throat is neatly engraved in period script, "Lt. E. M. Johnston/ Com. A 11th/ Miss. Regat." Unquestionably period and absolutely authentic. The brass mounts of the scabbard also retain approximately 75% of the original gold wash and are identical in wear and color to the hilt of the sword. The leather body of the scabbard exhibits some minor crackling of the finish but is excellent and very sound. The sword and scabbard are a perfect match and have clearly always been together. An important Confederate staff and field officer's sword, striking for both its great rarity and superb condition.

Confederate Presentation Foot Officer's Sword With Brass Scabbard Made by E. J. Johnston of Macon, Georgia. Inscribed in old English script:
Presented to/ Lt. Coln. W. B. Betts 13th Regt. Ala. Vols/ By a few of his brother officers for gallant conduct on the battlefield/ 1862.

Lieutenant Colonel William Betts, from Macon, Georgia, was named major of the newly-formed 13th Alabama Infantry and rose to the rank of lieutenant colonel before resigning his commission. The unit saw action at Seven Pines, Yorktown, and Fredericksburg. At Gettysburg, Betts' unit suffered 50% losses.

Probably the most unique feature of this sword is the brass scabbard, which is profusely engraved with a floral design. Between the top and middle mount, under stylized six-pointed stars, is "CS" which is over a spread-winged eagle facing right; the eagle appears to be rising from flames. Under the eagle is engraved "US". Below the middle mount is a stand of two Confederate First National Flags with 6 pointed stylized stars. The blade is etched on top as well as both sides to within 7½" of the tip.

The obverse of the blade has the normal floral pattern, etched with a panel "E. J. Johnston & Co., Macon, Ga." Below this are crossed cannons, muskets with bayonets, halberds, pikes, and two sets of flags. The first appear to be regimental. Additionally, there are two Confederate First National flags with stylized stars. The reverse of the blade is etched with much of the same design- cannon, flags, etc. The guard has a brown stained wood grip with petite twisted brass wire. The hilt retains some of its original gilt. An important Confederate presentation sword.

Provenance: The sword recently came from the Betts family where the sword has remained since the Civil War and has never before been on the market.

Very Rare and Ornate Silver Tiffany Civil War Presentation Sword: Captain W. A. Treadwell, 14th New York Heavy Artillery This extraordinary, magnificent silver Tiffany sword was presented to Captain William A. Treadwell of the 14th New York Heavy Artillery, a unit that would see service at major battles of the Civil War. A masterpiece that is an important historical jewel owned by a captain in a unit that saw some of the heaviest fighting in the war.

Captain William A. Treadwell was appointed captain of the 14th New York Heavy Artillery in September 1863 and saw duty at the Battle of the Wilderness, Cold Harbor, the Siege and Mine Explosion at Petersburg and in the Appomattox Campaign. This sword would have accompanied him at the Grand Review 'Victory Parade' at the close of the war in Washington, DC.

The sword hilt and scabbard are constructed of sterling silver. The obverse of the blade is marked by the blade's maker "Collins & Co. Hartford Conn." at the ricasso below elaborate scrollwork inside which appears the engraved "Tiffany & Co. N.Y.", mark of the New York jeweler that crafted this magnificent silver work. Continuing up the 35" blade and 26" double fuller, is an engraving of a soldier, sword in hand surmounted by additional elaborate scrollwork that continues a full 20" up the blade. A "U. S." separated by scrollwork is engraved at the midpoint of the designs.

On the reverse at the ricasso is the date "1861" followed by scroll engraving up the blade 4" to an engraved image of a cavalry officer. Above the cavalier is additional scroll engraving among a stand of arms surmounted by floral and foliate scrollwork. A scalloped red felt washer is at the ricasso.

Perhaps the most striking work on the sword is Tiffany's treatment of the hilt, especially the guard. The guard is an elaborately engraved basket-style guard with tightly carved openwork topped by a federal eagle with arrows in each of its claws, a shield at its breast. Hoop-shaped etching trims the entire guard terminating at the pommel with a massive Medusa-headed cap. Opposite is an open-mouthed panther head at the quillon, its tongue toward the top of the ricasso. The grip is sterling silver with banding and an engraved backstrap with a foliate design.

The scabbard of this sword is marked at the throat with Tiffany's cartouche and the "925.1000" number signifying sterling silver. The mounts are elaborate oak leaf devices finished with a large bow at the rings. Between the two mounts appears the following engraving: "Presented in behalf of/ Company "G" 14th Regt. NYHA/ TO/ Capt. W. A. Treadwell". Below the dedication is inscribed "Vera amicitia est sempiterna", translated from the Latin meaning 'true friendship is eternal'.

The drag of the scabbard is engraved on the opposite side with an oak leaf pattern topped by an inverted chevron. The tip of the drag is scalloped and engraved as well. A scabbard very similar to this Tiffany example may be found in John H. Thillman's book Civil War Cavalry and Artillery Sabers (page 423).

The Finest Leech and Rigdon Confederate Staff Officer's Sword and Scabbard Known To Exist. The very best for both quality and condition, nothing short of remarkable. Thomas Leech and Charles H. Rigdon formed the Memphis Novelty Works , in Memphis, Tennessee, early in the war, initially concentrating on the manufacture of swords. In May 1862, the firm moved to Columbus, Mississippi, shifting their efforts primarily to the production of revolvers and, in 1864, the partnership was dissolved. This sword is well beyond the standard normally associated with this firm and was clearly the result of a special order. The brass hilt shows a touch of the crudeness normally associated with these swords but exhibits superior finish. The knuckle bow incorporates a brass pin where it attaches to the pommel. The pommel cap is cast with the characteristic oval motif on the face. Black leather covered grip with tightly twisted brass wire. Retains the original leather washer. The unique and striking scabbard is fabricated entirely of silver and is nothing short of extraordinary. Scallop edged brass mounts exquisitely hand engraved with elaborate scroll motifs on a stippled background and edged with shell like scrolls. As finely executed as any contemporary sword of US manufacture. The mounts are obviously executed by the same hand as those which adorn the Patrick Cleburne sword in the DuBose/Atlanta Historical Society Collection and are generally accepted as the work of an Atlanta jeweler. Clearly a sword originally destined for presentation to a general grade Confederate officer. A one time opportunity to own what is doubtless the finest Confederate staff officer's sword and scabbard known, absolutely unrivaled. Included with the sword is a record of its lineage, since the Civil War, in the possession of th family of the original owner from Tennessee.

Condition: The sword is overall, in simple terms, mint, with virtually no down side. None better.

Confederate Boyle & Gamble Staff & Field Officer's Sword Presented to Brigadier General John H. Winder in Richmond July 15, 1864. Unquestionably one of the most historically significant and impeccably provenanced Confederate general officer's swords extant, presented to one of the Confederacy's most notorious and controversial personalities. John Henry Winder was born in Somerset County, Maryland, February 21, 1800 and graduated from West Point at the age of twenty. He was later an instructor of tactics there when Jefferson Davis was a cadet. Resigning in 1823, he was reappointed to the army four years later, and was brevetted major and lieutenant colonel for gallant and meritorious conduct during the Mexican War. He resigned his commission as major in the 3rd US Artillery at the outbreak of hostilities on April 27, 1861, was appointed brigadier general in the Provisional Confederate Army on June 21, and made provost marshal of the city of Richmond. This office made him not only responsible for the prison camps in the vicinity, but also for the arrest and return of deserters, and for the maintenance of order in a city swelled to more than twice its normal size by the war. During one period, the responsibility for the fixing of commodity prices for the inhabitants also devolved upon him. On November 21, 1864 he assumed the duties of commissary general of prisoners east of the Mississippi. His earlier police powers had made him generally unpopular in Richmond. However, the opprobrium heaped upon him by loyal Confederates was nothing compared to the execrations of the Northern press and public, who accused him of deliberately starving Union prisoners of war. The charges were utterly without foundation. Winder adopted every means at his disposal to assure that the prisoners received the same ration as Confederate soldiers in the field, scanty as that allotment was. His task was rendered almost impossible by the refusal of the federal government to affect an exchange. Weighed down by the fatigue and anxiety of his duties he died a Florence, South Carolina on February 7, 1865 and is buried at Green Mount Cemetery in Baltimore. Doubtless, only his death before the end of the war prevented his eventual trial and execution at the hands of Federal authorities along with Henry Wirz.

The sword was described in an article in the Richmond Daily Dispatch dated 23 July 1863, (a copy of which accompanies the sword) entitled "Beautiful Work Of Art": "We were shown yesterday a sword to be presented to Gen. John Winder, the blade of which is ornamented in a superior style of art. On one side is a design composed of scroll work relieved by fruit and flowers most gracefully and artistically arranged, and on the reverse is the inscription, "To Gen. J. H. Winder, from his friends, Richmond, July 15, 1864". Underneath are the flags of the Confederacy and Maryland, with appropriate designs. It is the work of Mr. Harry A. McArdle, a young artist who is engaged as draughtsman in one of the departments in this city".

The chain of ownership of this magnificent sword is unbroken from the date of its capture by Lt. Isaac D. Landis, 9th Pennsylvania Cavalry, of Coatesville, Pennsylvania, thence given to his grandson I. Landis Haines in the early 1920s. Possession relinquished to Mr. J. H. Briefer on April 5, 1956, and acquired from his widow Mrs. Geraldine H. Briefer by Norm Flayderman of Greenwich, Connecticut, April 17, 1961. By purchase of Dave Mark, Linthicum Heights, Maryland, January 26, 1988, from whom Mr. Tharpe acquired the sword. It is important to note that these were all discreet private transactions and that this sword has NEVER before been publicly offered for sale. Included with the sword, of course are all of the original affadavits, notarized letters, and statements which verify this chain of ownership. Additionally there are a number of wartime documents pertinent to Landis. Included in the original notarized letter from I. Landis Haines of April 5, 1956, along with a detailed description of the sword is the statement that "Although my grandfather told me in the early 1920s how he came in possession of this sword, I have since forgotten the details, remembering only that it was obtained by him during Sherman's "March to the Sea" through Georgia." Subsequent to Landis joining the 9th Pennsylvania Cavalry in July of 1864 the regiment was engaged in Tennessee until joining Sherman at Marietta in November. The regiment entered South Carolina in late January 1865 (Winder died on Feb. 7, 1865 at Florence, S. C.) at Sister's Ferry marching through Robertsville and Barnwell to Blackville on the Charleston and Augusta Railroad where it encountered a portion of Wheeler's command and following the Augusta Railroad through Polecat Ponds to Columbia. It is highly probable that Landis acquired the sword during this campaign, serving with the regiment until its muster out in July 1865.

The accompanying photographs require little embellishment. The 34.5" curved blade retains most of the original mint luster. Exquisitely etched with hand engraved highlights, "Boyle & Gamble" in an etched panel on the face of the obverse ricasso. Etching and engraving superior to that normally encountered on Boyle & Gamble's blades but unquestionably and distinctively their hand. The etched inscription being in a floral/ scroll bordered panel on the reverse of the blade. The uniquely Boyle & Gamble hilt incorporates the guard of a US staff and field officer's sword from which a small piece of the U has been skillful removed to form the C, a detail noted on several Boyle & Gamble staff swords. The pommel cap itself is of Boyle & Gamble manufacture. Black leather wrapped grip with twisted brass wire bordered by single strand brass wire, perfect. The original steel scabbard with superb untouched dark smooth patina. Heavy brass throat and scallop edged brass mounts with brass carrying rings. A couple of shallow dents on the bottom mount and notable wear on the bottom of the drag clearly showing it was carried and used extensively by Winder. All brass with pleasing light patina.

A Confederate sword of immeasurable historical importance, and, profoundly moving when recognizing the tragedy and suffering to which it doubtless bore witness, representing a rare opportunity in the annals of Civil War collecting.

1862 Confederate Presentation Sword to General Christopher H. Mott by the "Jeff Davis Guards". A unique New Orleans-made silver mounted eaglehead sword presented to Confederate Brigadier General Christopher Hayes Mott by the "Jeff Davis Rifles" on March 28, 1862. Doubtless the highest grade Confederate officer's sword in private hands. Mott was killed in action leading the regiment he commanded, the 19th Mississippi Infantry, in a charge against Federal positions at Williamsburg, Virginia May 5, 1862. A silver plaque affixed to the scabbard between the ring mounts bears the following inscription, "Presented/ To/ Brig. Genl. C. H. Mott/ By his former Company/ Jeff Davis Rifles/ March 28th/ 1862."

Having served as a lieutenant in the First Mississippi "Rifles" during the Mexican War, Mott returned to Holly Springs where he became a respected lawyer while rising in the ranks of the Mississippi State Militia. With the outbreak of the Civil War he formed the "Jeff Davis Rifles" and was one of four brigadiers commissioned by the state. With the integration of state troops into regular Confederate service, he was authorized to form the 19th Mississippi in May 1861, serving as the regiment's colonel. On May 5, 1862, at the Battle of Williamsburg the 19th, as part of Wilcox's brigade of Longstreet's division, advanced against Federal fortifications with Mott at their head. Fierce fighting ensued when, in Wilcox's words "the gallant Mott fell mortally wounded, being pierced through the breast with a Minie bullet, leading his regiment in the charge with the heroism of a true and veteran soldier." Lt. Col. L. Q. C. Lamar, who assumed command of the regiment after Mott's death lamented his loss, stating, "this accomplished soldier, model gentleman, and devoted patriot has given his life to his country. No richer contribution, no nobler sacrifice, can ever be laid upon the altar."

The hilt of this magnificent sword is composed entirely of silver and silver gilt. The exquisitely detailed eaglehead pommel surmounts a silver gilt grip having the center section decorated with an engraved spiral band, punch decorated with stars. A central panel on the obverse face of the grip displays a skull and crossbones (probably Masonic), a shield, crossed cannons and a flaming bomb, all cast in relief. A corresponding panel on the reverse side of the grip features a panoply of arms with crossed flags, crossed axes, crossed cannons and a flaming bomb. The guard is entirely of silver gilt and is without peer in Confederate manufactured swords. The wide knuckle bow is suspended from the eagle's open beak and is pierced for its entire length with vines and maple leaves. This design extends on to the top of the quillon where it is cast in relief. The inboard face of the quillon bears an engraved shell motif. The half basket guard is pierced with the central theme of the Louisiana seal with a Pelican feeding her young, enclosed in a laurel wreath, surmounted by a tucked wing eagle. This is flanked on both sides by three different Confederate flags, which are delineated and detailed with hand engraving, being the first national, the battle flag (St. Andrews cross) and the flag of Louisiana. The whole is then flanked by arms including cannons, a mortar, drum, swords and stands of cannon balls. The entire pierced panel is decorated at both sides by cast designs of oak leaves and acorns. The same design, with the exception of the pelican, is also presented on the inside of the guard. The top of the inboard counterguard bears a raised panel containing an old English CS cast in relief. The slightly curved 30½" blade features a single wide shallow unstopped fuller and is profusely and delicately etched to within 4" of the tip. The obverse displays floral and scroll motifs with an old English CS in a central riband, above which is a vine of oak leaves and acorns. The reverse features crossed cannons on a stand of cannon balls, above which is a panoply of flags featuring a Confederate first national. A 5½" central panel surrounded by scrolls bears the legend "Genl C. H. Mott" in old English. The gilt brass scabbard utilizes pierced silver gilt mounts with filigree decorated ring mounts and brass rings. The inscription is presented on a 4½" silver plaque with beaded border and floral finials. Although unsigned, the blade etch being stylistically identical to other examples by Thomas Griswold, and the fact that there are at least two other known swords by Griswold that utilize an eagle head pommel, leaves little doubt that this sword is, in fact, a product of the Griswold shop, renowned for the quality and ornateness of its products. A rare opportunity to own a magnificent Confederate sword that is unrivaled for the striking beauty it displays and the sense of history and romance it engenders.

Condition: The brass scabbard retains only traces of the original gilt in recessed areas and there is one shallow dent on the face of the lower mount, otherwise perfect. Hilt mint with varying degrees of light patina. The blade with just a few very minor, indeed negligible, blemishes otherwise mint.

Most Unusual, if Not Unique, Confederate-made Fighting Knife Used by Frederick Clevensahl, Company H, 19th Regiment of German Home Guards, Richmond, Va., during the Civil War. Clevensahl is listed as a corporal on the roster of this unit in October 1863. Detailed provenance from Clevensahl's direct lineal descendants accompanies the knife. The knife is 15.75" overall. The hilt is comprised of the fish scale cast brass grip from a Confederate naval cutlass and a ½" turned up iron guard, which protrudes 1½" at either side of the grip. The pommel displays the characteristic CSN on one side and a fouled anchor on the other. There is an integrally-cast slot to accept the cutlass guard. The grip shows no signs of being previously hilted and its initial use was apparently in the fabrication of this knife. The massive 10½" blade is diamond shaped in cross section and spade shaped overall. The blade is smooth with the knife overall displaying a very pleasing untouched dark patina. Great Confederate knife with superb history.

Another Unusual Confederate-made Fighting Knife, this Specimen Produced Using the Iconic Hilt of a Confederate Foot Artillery Sword, 18" overall. The one-piece cast brass hilt displays stars on either side of the pommel and CS on both faces of the guard. Typical crude casting and finish normally observed on this hilt in the foot artillery form. This hilt shows no signs of having been previously mounted and was apparently made as a knife rather than the more commonly encountered foot configuration. The 12½" spear point blade is diamond shaped in cross section with a flat ricasso. The blade bears a die stamped pentagram at the ricasso, unquestionably period but significance unknown. The knife overall exhibits great untouched patina. A very impressive and exceedingly rare Confederate-made knife.

Confederate-made Brass Hilt Bowie/ Fighting Knife. 16½" overall with an 11¾" blade exhibiting a clipped point, with a narrow flat ricasso and the lack of a lanyard loop at the pommel. This knife also is marked with a crude Roman numeral "XXIII" on the underside of the guard. This specimen is long believed to be a product of the Confederate States Armory at Keenansville, N. C. and generally associated with use by mounted units. Very fine untouched condition, just a few chips on the cutting edge, minor. Again, very scarce and most desirable.

Impeccably Provenanced Gauntlets of Major General Philip H. Sheridan Presented by Him to Captain Augustus C. Paul. These white buff leather gauntlets, which measure 16" from the tip of the middle finger to the longest extension of the cuffs were likely produced by the famed New York outfitters Schuyler, Hartley & Graham. The corner of each cuff is exquisitely embroidered in gold bullion with a foliate design surrounding and intertwined with an old English "US". The impression of a single star is clearly visible above the "US". These stars were removed by Paul during his subsequent use of the gauntlets in the American west with the 3rd United States Cavalry.

The gauntlets are accompanied by an ink script letter from Paul, dated October 25, 1892, on stationary of the US Post Office of the National Soldier's Home in Virginia which states, "My dear Colonel, Please accept these gloves. They are 'Historic'. They were worn by Genl. P. H. Sheridan, and presented to me by him when I was Adjutant general U.S. Vols. on the staff of Genl A. A. Humphreys commanding 2nd Corps Army of the Potomac. I took the 'stars' off when I was an officer of the 3d US Cavalry, and have misplaced them. Should I find them I will send them to you. Yours very truly, Augustus C. Paul".

Sheridan's illustrious career as one of the greatest cavalry commanders of the American Civil War requires no embellishment. He was appointed brigadier general in September 1862, doubtless when he acquired these gauntlets, as evidenced by the single star. It was during the Overland campaign in mid-1864 that Sheridan encountered Paul and presented him with these gauntlets. Thus they were most certainly used by Sheridan through the battles of Perryville, Stones River, and Chickamauga and, subsequently by Paul for the remainder of the war. The gauntlets accompanied Paul into the New Mexico and Arizona territories after the war, during his service with the 3d US Cavalry. Paul's later service in Wyoming and Nebraska, from 1872 to 1876, resulted in a noteworthy brush with history. The 3d US Cavalry was part of the Big Horn/Yellowstone Expedition commanded by General George Crook. Leaving for the Big Horn Mountains with General Crook, Paul was to meet with two other columns, including the one led by Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer. Due to not only the massacre at Little Big Horn, but their own near disastrous fight with a large contingent of Sioux and Cheyenne at the Rosebud River, neither Paul nor Crook were ever able to join forces with Custer. In the possession of Sheridan during some of the hardest fighting of the Civil War, and subsequently cherished and used by Paul in the latter stage of the war, as well as in the American west, these historic artifacts bear mute but moving testimony to some of the most important moments in American military history.

Sheridan's Ride From Winchester by Thomas Buchanan Read. Thomas Buchanan Read was a celebrated artist prior to the war, and served as a major on the staff on General Lew Wallace, giving lectures and creating propaganda art for the war effort. Also a poet and sculptor, Read was known as early as 1840 for his work, including a celebrated commission for a portrait of William Henry Harrison. His personal taste, however, ran to historical pictures with a poetic flair.

In this painting of a dashing Major General Philip Sheridan, mounted on horse back, in the midst of the Battle of Winchester, Read created his most magnificent and important work. Born in Chester County Pennsylvania in 1822, Read exhibited his work at the Pennsylvania Academy and the National Academy of Design. After the war he briefly set up a studio in New Orleans for the express purpose of completing a portrait of Sheridan. He later returned to Rome to complete this exquisite picture of Sheridan in battle. The 38" x 54" striking oil depicts Sheridan at the zenith of his Civil War career. Sheridan is shown charging into battle with upraised saber on his famed horse Rienzi, renamed Winchester after this pivotal battle. Considered a war hero himself, Winchester was preserved after his death at the Smithsonian. Sheridan's appearance on the battlefield after a mad dash from some twenty miles away served to rally his wavering troops and turn the tide a battle in favor of the Union. The scattered cannon balls, canteens and broken rifles provide evidence of the battle raging around him. Signed and dated "T. Buchanan Read, Rome, 1870" at the lower left the vibrant colors and dynamic representation of Sheridan provide evidence of Read's poetically enhanced work. Indeed, Read composed a famous poem to coincide with the painting. Titled "Sheridan's Ride," Read eloquently describes the general's race to the battlefield in words he has translated into art in this picture, Sheridan's horse with "his wild eye full of fire" and Sheridan himself, "Hurrah! Hurrah for Sheridan! Hurrah! Hurrah for horse and man!"

Beautifully mounted in a carved wood and gilt 4½" deep frame decorated with stars at the upper corners, laurel leaves with rosettes at the sides and stands of arms and flags at the lower corners. A winged classical head at the bottom is surmounted with a plaque denoting the painting and the artist. Overall superb condition, bright and vivid, truly one of the great American paintings to emerge from the Civil War era.

Magnificent Civil War Gold Cavalry Badge Presented to Major General Philip H. Sheridan by General Ulysses S. Grant, and worn by Sheridan for the balance of his illustrious military career. An 1853 graduate of West Point, Sheridan rose from the rank of captain at the outbreak of the war to the rank of major general and command of Grant's cavalry corps by 1864. His exemplary post war service resulted in his promotion to lieutenant general in 1869, and overall command of the United States Army in 1884. The solid gold medal measures 2" x 2" at its highest and widest points and is hinged at the base of the top bar, with a horizontal T-bar pinback. It is interesting to note that the sword hilt detailed at the top of the badge is nearly identical to the sword carried by Sheridan through most of his military career, which he presented to Thomas Donaldson in 1887 shortly before his death. The crossed sabers and silver "S" in a gold wreath on blue enamel background are emblematic of Sheridan's personal prowess as cavalry commander. The red and white ribbon, representative of a cavalry guidon, displays the two stars of Sheridan's Civil War major general rank. The ribbon, which has become detached, was mounted on the horizontal cavalry lance, which is removable to allow display of a different ribbon. This medal is prominently displayed in most post war photographs of Sheridan, most notably those by C. D. Mosher, copies of which are included with the medal. (Also see the following lot) Other than the detached ribbon the medal is absolutely perfect. A beautiful Civil War medal with excellent provenance to one of America's greatest cavalry commanders.

Important Cabinet Card Portrait of Lieutenant General Philip H. Sheridan Signed by Him and Presented to General Ulysses S. Grant. Bold crisp ink signature "P. H. Sheridan Lieut. General". The image bears the logo of H. Rocher, Chicago and dates between the mid-1870s and 1883, when Sheridan was promoted to full general and assumed overall command of the United States Army. Grant died in 1885. Sheridan is depicted with the M1872 three star epaulettes of a lieutenant general, bullion aguilette, and several gold medals, including the one offered in a previous lot. Grant family tradition states that this photograph was personally presented by Sheridan to the general, and was part of the collection of Ulysses S. Grant IV, Grant's great grandson.

Very fine condition, the image bright and crisp with just the slightest hint of a water stain along the lower margin, easily removed by a competent restorer. Sheridan's skill and daring as a Civil War cavalry commander resulted in exploits rivaled by few, North or South, and his remarkable career in the United States Army spanned thirty years, culminating in his elevation to overall command in 1883. Most impressive with direct provenance to the Grant family.

Mexican War Silver Spurs of Major General George H. Thomas, used by him throughout his Civil War service. Deemed by many historians to be the most capable general in the Union Army, Thomas's Virginia origins would be a hindrance to his career in the eyes of the U.S. War Department and reigning politicos. It was only his exemplary conduct as a battlefield commander that virtually forced his elevation to eventual command of the Army of the Cumberland. His actions at Chickamauga and Nashville are viewed as among the most brilliant and pivotal of the war.

Thomas graduated from West Point in 1840, rendering gallant service in the Mexican war, resulting in brevets for his actions at Monterey and Buena Vista. These spurs most likely have their origins at that point in his career, showing a strong Mexican influence, most notable in the long rowel posts and the large thirteen point rowels. The spurs are entirely hand fabricated of low grade silver and utilize an extra reinforced strap loop at the base of the rowel posts to prevent the vertical movement of the spurs on the boots. Very sturdy with brass washers on the rowels. The spurs are in perfect untouched condition . Also included is a Civil War period Brady/Anthony Carte de Visite portrait of Thomas in his major general's uniform. An historic set of spurs with excellent provenance from one of America's most important military collections.

Provenance: Norm Flayderman

18 Kt. Gold-Mounted Cane of Brigadier General Elon J. Farnsworth. Killed at Gettysburg on the afternoon of July 3rd. Farnsworth was the only Union general killed behind Confederate lines in the Civil War. Elon John Farnsworth was born in 1837 in Green Oak, Michigan and his family relocated to Rockton, Illinois in 1854. in 1855 he enrolled in the University of Michigan where he was known as a bit of a dandy and renowned for his student hijinks. Finally, in his sophomore year he was expelled for his involvement, with a number of other students, in a drinking escapade that resulted in the death of one of the students. His response was, in 1858, to join the US Army's expedition to Utah as a civil forage master, where he remained until the outbreak of the Civil War. This cane doubtless has its point of origin during the University of Michigan/Utah years.

At the outbreak of the Civil War he was initially commissioned a 1st Lt., quickly rising to the rank of Captain, in the 8th Illinois Cavalry which had been organized and was commanded by his namesake uncle John F. Farnsworth. By the spring of 1863 he was serving on the staff of Alfred Pleasonton. Farnsworth captured Pleasonton's attention at Brandy Station, where, after all of his superior officer's were killed or wounded he took command of the 8th Illinois. With the aid of Pleasonton and his namesake uncle, who was now a politically influential congressman, he was promoted to brigadier general on the same set of orders as Custer and Merrit and took command of a brigade under Kilpatrick. Farnsworth was characterized as "tall, slight, and pale" and as "courage incarnate but full of tender regard for his men." His command ability and bravery were immediately evidence when he led the decisive charge that turned back Gen. J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry on the streets of Hanover, Pa. on June 30, 1863. His bravado, while admired by all who witnesses him in combat would soon cost him his life. At Gettysburg, on the afternoon of the 3rd of July, after the repulse of Pickett's charge, Kilpatrick ordered Farnsworth to lead a charge against Confederate infantry positions. Farnsworth recognized the futility of such an action and protested vigorously to Kilpatrick, who, in response, questioned Farnsworth's honor and courage, stating he would lead the charge himself. Farnsworth vehemently protested that no one would lead his men into battle other than himself and, in a charge that many have likened to that of the Light Brigade was killed in volleys of gunfire from the 15th Alabama Infantry, his body being pierced by no less than eight bullets. In a touch of both irony and tragedy Farnsworth, upon his expulsion from the University of Michigan apologized to his professor of history stating that he "would yet show that he could make a man of himself."

The cane is 35 5/8" overall, with an ebony shaft, iron tip, and 18 kt. gold head with eight facets around the base. Two of the facets are exquisitely engraved with a scroll motif on a cross hatched background, another utilizes the same motif but includes a 1" panel which is beautifully engraved "E. I. Farnsworth" I and J being interchangeable with I generally used to represent both letters). The cane descended through the family and is completely untouched. A most attractive and rather touching artifact from one of the most gallant and heroic cavalry officer's of the American Civil War.

Magnificent Silver-Gilt & Jewel Mounted Dagger in Renaissance Style, By Garrards of Panton Street, London, Hallmark 1847. 13" overall with heavy 8" spear point blade. The blade is deeply etched to within 1" of the tip with intricate floral and scroll motifs. The obverse incorporates a gilt filled panel near the base and the reverse bears the etched maker's mark, "Garrard's/ Panton St./ London". The hilt is exquisitely cast of silver, heavily gilded, and highlighted with engraving including panels on both faces of the grip. The pommel is surrounded by four purple semi precious stones and surmounted by a large red stone. The heavy scroll work guard is highlighted by semi precious stones on both faces. The obverse of the guard displays four silversmith's touch marks including the lion en passant, a female head, and the letter "M." A single touch mark, a crown over RG for Robert Garrared is exhibited on the reverse. The original scabbard is covered with red velvet with narrow gold bullion tape along the edges. The heavy mounts are also of silver gilt, highlighted with engraving, with the lower mount displaying the same touch marks as the guard. The throat utilizes a single ring for suspension. The blade is excellent with just one small area of peppering in the center, negligible, and a few minor stains. The hilt and scabbard mounts retain 95% of the original gilt. The red velvet covering the scabbard shows wear to the nap but is intact and very sound. The large stone surmounting the pommel has a chip, otherwise the jeweled mounts are perfect. A beautiful knife, of a quality and form rarely encountered.

Ames Sword Co. Copper Die, Ca. 1840, Depicting Hercules Wrestling the Nemean Lion, Used in the Production of Sword Scabbard Mounts. Obviously for a very high grade sword, probably a wide blade saber based on the die's dimensions of (measure). Clearly shows that it was used, but perfect. An unusual and distinctive Ames Sword Co. artifact.

Pair of Very Heavy Gilt Brass Mexican War-Period Officer's Spurs, ca. 1840s. 5.25" overall. Deeply cast with foliate decoration on the sides and shell-like decoration terminating in scrolls on the rowel mount. The eight pointed 1.75" rowels are also heavily gilded. Heavy 0.75" gilt brass chains for attaching to the boot. The chains attach to the spurs with a floral motif stud at either side. Wonderful untouched condition retaining 50% of the original gilt. A very nice set of spurs, obviously intended for a very high ranking officer.

Pair of Mexican War-Period Officer's Spurs, ca. 1840s. Impressive for both their size and unusual form. 7.5" overall, the five pointed rowels measure a full 2". The frames are fabricated in two pieces and joined where the rowel post attaches. The spurs overall display show evidence of handwork. A very substantial set of spurs clearly showing both military and Mexican influence. Perfect untouched condition.

Magnificent Set of Dated American-Made Silver Officer's Spurs, ca. 1840s. Entirely hand fabricated of coin silver. The silver sunburst rowels are attached using US silver dimes, dated 1839 to 1841, as washers/spacers, clearly establishing both the date of manufacture and their American origins. Also, attached to each rowel shaft are two silver tear drops suspensions with a gold washer on the face of the shaft. The heavy rowel posts are pierced and faceted. One side of the frame is rounded and gadrooned, the other is plain and faceted, again most unusual. The studs for attaching the boot straps are decorated with hand cut cross hatching. Silver heel chains attach to small holes above these studs. Overall perfect condition. An extremely rare set of American made silver spurs with the added interest of details that clearly validate the date of manufacture and use.

Exquisite Pair of Mexican War-Period (or Earlier) Silver Snakehead Officer's Spurs, ca. 1840s. Fabricated entirely of silver. Heavy faceted frames with studs and an early style single tine buckle for attaching the boot straps. A loop at the base of the rowel mount incorporates a silver chain for support. Closure is affected with a stud and hook in the form of a lion's head. The most unusual rowel posts are heavily engraved silver serpent's heads with sunburst iron rowels, unique in our experience. Perfect untouched condition. A most unusual and beautifully crafted set of American silver spurs that could easily date to the early 19th century.

Massive Pair of Late 18th or Early 19th Century American Silver Eaglehead Officer's Spurs, ca. 1790s-1820s. The posts which mount the eight pointed iron rowels terminate in eagle heads which are cast and highlighted with hand engraved details. The sides of the spurs are made in two pieces with the extensions for attachment joined to the frame with heavy silver chain links. The boot and heel chains are fabricated entirely of silver mesh. The boot attachment closes w/an early style two tined silver buckle which passes through the silver mesh. Both spurs are stamped on the inside faces "VAL" and on the buckles "IP1893", significance unknown. The lack of hallmarks and the eagle head motif certainly attest to the American origins with all visible details indicating their date of manufacture as no later than 1830. Perfect condition and a most impressive set of American spurs.

Impressive Set of American Silver Officer's Spurs ca. 1810. Each spur touched with a single cartouche on the inside frame, "J. Merrick", unlocated. The spurs exhibit exquisite craftsmanship and utilize a single tine swivel buckle for attachment of the leather boot strap. Eight pointed steel rowel. The rowels exhibiting some minor surface rust, otherwise the spurs are in perfect condition. A very attractive and very rare set of American silver spurs.

Important Set of Silver Eaglehead Mexican War Officer's Spurs Inscribed to Victor E. Piollet, Paymaster, Pennsylvania Volunteers. Fabricated entirely of silver, each spur is hand engraved on one side of the frame "Jalapa" and on the other "V. E. Piollet". The eagle's wings are cast integrally with the frame of the spur while the neck and head are separately affixed by means of a threaded post, allowing them to be unscrewed and detached. The eagle's wings, neck, and head are elaborately delineated with hand engraved feathers. The silver rowels are cut in a rosette pattern. Posts with studs are utilized for attachment of the boot straps/chains. Interestingly on each spur one of the studs is broken off with only the post remaining. The Jalapa inscription would indicate that these spurs were custom made for Piollet by a local silversmith during his deployment to Mexico. Piollet was the progeny of a prominent northeast Pennsylvania family and, while serving in the Pennsylvania in 1847 was appointed to the position of Paymaster by President Polk and assigned to duty with the army of invasion under Generals Scott and Taylor. A magnificent set of silver spurs and extremely rare for both their form and historical import.

Pair of American Silver Officers Spurs, ca. 1810. Signed in a cartouche "J. Potter" on the inside of the frame, believed to be Norfolk, Virginia. Quite sturdy but very elegant for the simplicity and grace exhibited in their design. Fourteen point rowels. The spurs retain what appears to be the original heavy leather straps with silver adjusting buckles. The leather straps show some flaking but very supple and sound. The condition of the spurs is perfect. Very attractive and generically very rare.

Beautiful Quality Set of New York State Officer's Spurs, ca. 1820. These gilt brass spurs mount iron sunburst rowels in the eagles' beaks. Where the eagles' necks join the body of the spurs the eagles' talons are depicted perched on a globe surrounded by rays, a symbol used extensively and uniquely by New York state at this period on buckles, cap plates, etc. The eagle's outstretched wings form the body of the spur, which terminates in a foliate design. The buckles are attached to the spurs with silver chains , which also incorporate foliate designs. Absolutely the finest quality, in perfect condition and the first set of spurs we've encountered which incorporates this unique New York state iconography.

Exhibited: The Liberty Heritage Society Museum

Silver Sabretache Cartridge Box Captured from a Member of Santa Anna's Personal Bodyguard at the Battle of Churubusco by Major Roswell S. Ripley, Ca 1840s. The 3¼" X 4¾" silver lid is bordered by a separately affixed brass frame which is embellished with acanthus leaves. A separately affixed silver numeral "1" is in the center. The lid is engraved in three lines, "Churubusco/ Augt 20, 1847/ From Major R. S. Ripley". The lid is hinged at the back and attached to the silver side plates which are adorned with a brass rosette with the central theme of a Medusa head. Suspensory loops for the sabretache sling are attached to rings at the side. The wooden body of the box is covered with red wool and bored to accommodate four approximately .69 caliber cartridges. A small silver finial is attached at the bottom.

Roswell S. Ripley graduated from West Point in 1843 and was brevetted major for gallantry at Chapultepec and, in 1849, published a two volume history of the Mexican War. Although from Ohio, Ripley resigned his commission in 1853 and settled in Charleston, S. C. where he ran a successful business and became a staunch advocate of states' rights. He helped direct fire from a Charleston battery on to Fort Sumter and, on August 15, 1861, was commissioned a brigadier general in the Confederate Army. Ripley served in various commands including that of an infantry brigade in the Army of Northern Virginia. He was roundly criticized for his conduct at Antietam and, after Chancellorsville, spent the remainder of the war in administrative positions.

Excellent untouched condition. Some surface wear to the red wool and one small hole in the bottom, minor. A great Mexican War trophy, captured by an intriguing and historic personality.

Very Rare Mexican War Naval Veteran's Medal, ca 1840s. 5/8" x 2" pin back bar, red white and blue ribbon and 2¼" x 2 1/16" shield shaped medal with engraved inscription on the reverse, "Edward F. Beale/ Passed Midshipman/ U.S.N." The top bar of the medal includes "Patented March 7, 1876" and "National Association of Veterans". The lower portion of the medal exhibits elaborate detail including a wreath encircling "Mexico" and the date "1846". On the border of the medal are listed Mexican War battles. Although scarce in any form, naval examples of this medal are quite rare. The silk ribbon exhibits some wear, otherwise perfect untouched condition.

Superb Quality Silver New York Officer's Mexican War Veteran's Medal, ca. 1840s. 3/8" x 1 9/16" top bar with T-bar pinback, "New York Associated Mexican War Veterans". Red, white, and blue suspension ribbon, somewhat faded and frayed but intact. The 1 5/8" x 1 9/16" shield shaped medal exhibits superior quality die work including a ship, stand of arms, cannon and central wreath with Mexico and 1846, and Mexican War battles around the border. Also included is a silver ¾" version of the medal for use in the lapel with stud back. Fraying to the ribbon as noted, the silver in perfect untouched condition. Quite rare and somewhat earlier than the previously listed brass navy specimen.

Silver Mexican Officer's Hat Badge Captured by A. B. Eaton, ca 1840s. Amos Beebe Eaton (1806 - 1877), Zachary Taylor's chief commissary of subsistence during the Mexican War. Eaton graduated from West Point in 1826 and was a career officer, primarily in the commissary department, being brevetted major general of volunteers during the Civil War. The heavy 2¼" x 2¼" badge is fabricated entirely of low grade Mexican silver, obviously cast and then finished with hand engraved details. The badge incorporates the iconic Mexican symbol of an eagle clutching a snake perched on a cactus. Horizontal T-bar pinback, most likely added after its capture to allow it to be worn. Perfect untouched condition and very rare.

Pen and Ink Drawing of the Mexican War Battle of Chapultepec, ca. 1840s. 3.75" x 6.5", matted and framed in a period walnut frame. Although the artist's name is lost to history, an old note which accompanies the drawing states "Pen & Ink sketch of 'Battle of Chapultepec' done by a prisoner in Mass. State Prison who had served in the Army of the US during the battle." The sketch is further accompanied by a partial note describing the battle which states in part, "This affair filled our raw troops with the wildest enthusiasm, they believe(d) they would annihilate Santa Anna(s) host, by noon the next day." Indeed Santa Anna lamented as he saw Chapultepec fall that "God is a Yankee". The drawing includes superb detail, depicting American troops and cannons arrayed on a bluff before the battle. The depth and scale are proportionate with the surrounding topographical details. Very nice with lots of character and perfect condition.

Provenance: The Donald R. Tharpe Collection of American Military History

Major General Winfield Scott: Oil on Wood Panel Portrait by Horace Joseph Eaton, dated August 1847. 8 7/8" x 12 1/8", in the original grained wood frame. Although Eaton served as Zachary Taylor's aide, and was known to have painted his portrait during the Mexican War, this previously unknown portrait of Scott was apparently executed at about the same time. Scott is depicted in profile in his regulation major general's uniform with buttons grouped in threes, high stand up collar, and shoulder straps. Scott's service to his country from the War of 1812 to the Civil war is a record rivaled by no other general in American history.

Eaton's artistic talents were not only evidenced by his Mexican war portraits but by the numerous drawings he prepared of the Zuni and Navajo while stationed at Ft. Defiance in the New Mexico Territory from 1848 to 1856. Eaton graduated from West Point in 1835 and after resigning his commission in 1856 returned for service in the US Army during the Civil War. The painting is completely untouched and as found and, although showing obvious crazing from its great age, the paint is 100% tight and sound. It could doubtless benefit from a professional cleaning. Period pencil script on the back of the panel includes the identity of the subject, the attribution to Eaton and the date August 1847. An important period portrait of one of America's great military heroes, obviously the product of a skilled hand with a quaint primitive touch.

Rare Creamware Commemorative Pitcher Depicting Stephen Decatur and Commodore Bainbridge, ca. 1810 The 4 5/8" pitcher shows "Decator" [sic] on the face and "Commodore Bainbridge" on the reverse. Both are bust portraits in uniform, presented amidst a background of arms, ships and flags. The edges and handle of the pitcher are decorated with pink luster. Stephen Decatur was one of America's greatest naval heroes, serving in the quasi war with France, the War of 1812 and both Barbary Wars, service that earned him the title, "the conqueror of the Barbary pirates." Decatur's night raid into Tripoli harbor on 16 February 1804, to destroy the former U.S. frigate Philadelphia (which had been under the command of Bainbridge when she ran aground and was captured) was characterized by Admiral Lord Nelson as "the most bold and daring act of the age," the action this pitcher probably commemorates. Bainbridge's service spanned the same period and was highlighted by his victory over HMS Java during the War of 1812 while in command of the U.S.S. Constitution. Decatur was mortally wounded in a duel in Bladensburg, Maryland, March 22, 1820, ironically with Bainbridge serving as his second. Excellent overall condition with just a few tiny chips at the spout and one somewhat larger chip by the handle. Very nice.

Miniature Portrait on Ivory of Lieutenant Sinclair. "Lieutenant Arthur Sinclair, U. S. Navy, Born Feb. 29th 1777, Died Feb. 29, 1831, as Commodore", is the period ink script note which accompanies this exquisite miniature portrait on ivory. Arthur Sinclair was born in Virginia and entered the U.S. Navy as a midshipman in 1798, serving on board the Constellation during the quasi war with France and was attached to the Mediterranean Squadron from 1804 to 1806 , participating in the attacks on Tripoli on board the Essex. In 1813 Sinclair was ordered to duty in the squadron on Lake Ontario and commanded General Pike in the engagement of 28 September 1813. In 1814 he commanded the Niagara on Lakes Huron and Superior. Promoted to captain in 1813 Sinclair remained in naval service until his death in 1831 in Norfolk, Virginia.

The 2" x 2½" portrait depicts Sinclair in uniform, wearing a single epaulette and a cross belt with eagle and anchor devices. The original gold mount incorporates a braided lock of Sinclair's hair under glass on the reverse. The portrait is in perfect condition, as bright and crisp as the day it was executed. The gold mount has some minor dents at the edges but excellent. The portrait is further accompanied by a printed paper label from "William H. Saxton, Late of Geo. W. Webb & Co., Goldsmith and Jeweler, 30 E. Baltimore Street, Baltimore," significance unknown. It is interesting to note that Sinclair was the great grandfather of the American novelist Upton Sinclair and sired three sons who all served in the United States Navy but resigned their commissions in 1861 to serve in the Confederate States navy. An important and historic miniature portrait of a gallant American naval officer.

Hand-Colored Engraving: "A View of Col. Johnson's Engagement with the Savages (commanded by Tecemseh) near the Moravian Town, October 5th, 1812 [sic]." Tecumseh was a famous Shawnee leader who spent much of his life attempting to rally disparate Native American tribes in a mutual defense of their lands, eventually leading to his death in the War of 1812. This very early engraving, approximately 15" x 9", is actually mis-titled. The battle depicted, usually known as the Battle of the Thames, actually took place on October 5, 1813 near Chatham, Ontario, Canada. It was an American victory in which Tecumseh was killed and his coalition destroyed. Colonel Richard Johnson, future vice president under Van Buren, is traditionally credited with killing Tecumseh. Very good condition, some foxing, and a tear near middle of fold.

Striking Gold Mounted Sword Presented by the Congress of the United States to James Hunter for the Defense of Fort Stephenson at Sandusky, Ohio, August 2, 1813. The blade bearing the following etched inscription, "Presented by the President of the U.S. to Captain James Hunter/ Pursuant to a Resolution of Congress of the 13th of February 1835." James Hunter was appointed adjutant of the Kentucky Mounted Rifles in 1811 and served with them at the Battle of Tippecanoe, being promoted to captain of the 17th U. S. Infantry on March 12, 1812. Hunter's gallant conduct, as part of the small garrison at Ft. Stephenson, touched the imagination and thrilled the heart of the American people at a time at a time when disgraceful imcompetency, defeat, and surrender filled the newspapers, and was a prelude to the victories of Perry and the Battle of the Thames. Ft. Stephenson was garrisoned by 160 men with an iron six pounder cannon, and commanded by a brave 21 year old Kentuckian, Major George Groghan, of the regular army. General William Henry Harrisson deemed the position to be untenable and ordered Groghan to abandon it. However, by the time his orders reached Groghan the fort was surrounded by a force of British regulars and their Indian allies, numbering over a thousand. Groghan, nonetheless, was determined to maintain the post. Upon being offered surrender terms by the British, with the warning that "our immense body of Indians cannot be constrained from massacring the whole garrison in the event of our undoubted success" the Americans responded that "When the fort shall be taken there will be no one to massacre. It will not be given up while a man is able to resist". On the afternoon of August 2, 1813, the British began their assault. Captain Hunter's skillful management of the six pounder and the deadly fire from the Kentucky riflemen, threw back the British, who left 120 dead and wounded on the field at a loss to the Americans of one dead and seven wounded. At 3:00 A. M. the following morning the British sailed down the Sandusky in retreat. Finally some 22 years later, by a joint resolution of the United States Congress, Groghan was presented a gold medal, while Hunter, and the five other officers engaged at Ft. Stephenson, were awarded swords.

The 30 5/8" double edged blade is ovoid in cross section and etched for 2/3 of its length with laurel boughs, 13 stars in an arch, and a panoply consisting of a shield with arrows and laurel sprigs surrounded by rays. The etching additionally features hand engraved details. A panel on the obverse bears the inscription "Presented by the President of the U. S. to Captain James Hunter" and the corresponding panel on the reverse "Pursuant to a resolution of Congress of the 13th of February 1835." The cruciform hilt is solid gold with the crossguard displaying deeply cast acanthus leaves on a stippled background. The langets are in the form of maple leaves, the obverse bearing the legend "Groghan" and the reverse "Hunter". The gold grip is rectangular in cross section, with the obverse bearing a raised panel "Sandusky" surrounded by rays. The reverse is a plain raised panel surrounded by acanthus leaves. The sides of the grip are each decorated with 13 five pointed stars. The ovoid pommel is chased with acanthus leaves, the obverse bearing an oval panel with "U. S." and the reverse a raised American shield with "1813" in the field. The fluted gilt brass scabbard utilizes solid gold mounts. The upper with two vertical lines or arrow flechettes with acanthus leaf panels. One ring and the mounting stud are missing. The lower mount with an arrow like central theme terminating in a leaf/scroll motif. A truly elegant and refined gold mounted sword presented by the Congress and the President of the United States to a heroic American officer for one of the more remarkable defensive actions of the War of 1812.

CONDITION: The blade retains much of the luster with just some scattered staining. The hilt is excellent with just some light scratches and a few tiny dings, really very minor. The body of the scabbard is excellent with just a few very minor dents, retaining 95% of the original gilt. The gold mounts also display just some minor scattered dents with some crimping at the bottom of the drag. One ring and mounting base missing from the top mount. Exceptional overall condition, especially in the context of the extremely fragile nature of these gold mounted swords.

Provenance: Ames Book, Flayderman and The Donald R. Tharpe Collection of American Military History

Striking and Stately Cased Silver Mounted Sword Presented to Major Daniel McPhail, February 22, 1849, for Mexican War Action. Made in its entirety by famed Baltimore cutler and Bowie knife maker Samuel Jackson. Superb condition and impeccably provenanced. A unique American presentation sword, not only for its form but also for the sturdy workmanship it exhibits, clearly implying its origins in the shop of a knife maker. Daniel H. McPhail was born in Baltimore in 1813 and was appointed a second lieutenant in the 5th U. S. Infantry by Andrew Jackson in 1837. On July 10, 1846, he was promoted to captain and commanded a company of this regiment throughout the Mexican War. McPhail was brevetted to major for action at Churubusco where he was also wounded, "his uniform being pierced with bullet holes in the front and across the shoulders. By Resolution No. 17, Acts of 1849, the Maryland legislature tendered its gratitude to McPhail for "his bravery and gallantry in eleven battles during the recent conflict of arms with the Republic of Mexico..." At the outbreak of the Civil War General Scott offered McPhail a commission and he served for a time on the staff of General Rosecrans, along with Garfield and Hayes. In the later stages of the war he served as paymaster at Wheeling, West Virginia, receiving a brevet to lieutenant colonel for faithful and meritorious service. After the war McPhail was stationed in New Orleans and Charleston and died in Baltimore in 1884.

A remarkable piece of provenance which accompanies the sword is an article from the Baltimore American and Commercial Advertiser dated February 23, 1849 (ironically the day after the presentation on the sword is actually dated) which states in part, "We examined yesterday at the cutlery and surgical instrument manufactory of Mr. Samuel Jackson, on Baltimore Street above St. Paul's Street, a splendid sword, every part of which has been manufactured in Mr. J's own establishment, and after a unique pattern of his own designing. The hilt is octagon shaped, made of silver, and surmounted by a well executed head of Washington, also of silver. The guard represents two dolphins, the engraving and chasing of which has been finished in a style of unsurpassed beauty. The blade, which is of the straight, cut and thrust order, is of the truest and finest steel, polished in the most exquisite manner; the upper half of it being elegantly marked. A more beautiful specimen of workmanship that this blade represents has never come under our inspection. The scabbard is of steel, finely polished, and elegantly mounted with silver. The whole appearance of the sword is that of a chaste and rich neatness, which will recommend it to the taste of all". In addition to the details described in the article there is a narrow band of silver inlaid in the blade at the ricasso, on both sides, just below Jackson's logo. The blade utilizes a single narrow central fuller and is decorated with lightly engraved parallel lines on either side of the fuller. The blade is held in place at the pommel with a spanner nut. The chain guard is made of decoratively cut and pierced interlocking silver links, attached at the pommel and the guard with braided silver suspensory loops. The steel body of the scabbard, in addition to being polished, is blued. The battles listed on the back of the silver top mount are "Monterey, Vera Cruz, San Antonio, Churubusco, Molino Del Ray, Chapultepec, Garita de Belen, Garita de San Cosine, City of Mexico". Below this is a later inscription, "Col. D. H. McPhail / to/ G. H. Coutts/ January 30th, 1884" (the exact date of McPhail's death). The original oak casing is compartmented and fitted to the sword with green and red wool felt lining and retains the original key. The sword also retains the original buff chamois storage case. A portrait of McPhail in uniform, ca. 1840, is held by the Maryland Historical Society. A remarkable sword, by a most desirable maker, presented to a gallant American officer.

Condition: Aside from one very small (¼" X 1½") patch of light pitting on the blade, 12" from the tip, the sword is mint. The casing has some light exterior scratches, otherwise perfect with nice patina. The lining is perfect as is the chamois storage case.

Provenance: Medicus, Flayderman, & The Donald R.Tharpe Collection of American Military History

Exquisite Custom Crafted Gold Mounted Sword Presented to Famed American Explorer Elisha Kent Kane for his Gallant Conduct During Mexican War Service, ca. 1840s. The inscription is engraved in recessed panels on both sides of the scabbard at the throat, "Presented to Surgeon Elisha K. Kane, U. S. Navy by his Friends and Fellow Citizens of the City of Philadelphia in honor of his gallantry when bearer of dispatches to the Commander in Chief, on assuming the command of his casual escort at Nopeluca Mexico - of his skill and intrepidity on leading it to a charge on a body of Mexican Lancers which resulted in the capture of two Generals, other officers and men - and of his noble humanity on interposing his own person in the heat of battle to save the lives of his wounded prisoners from an infuriated soldiery." Doubtless one of the most detailed and compelling inscriptions we've ever encountered.

After receiving his medical training and practicing briefly in Philadelphia, Elisha Kent Kane joined the United States Navy. Serving several tours of uninspiring naval duty, Kane returned home, seriously ill. However, in October 1847, Kane traveled to the White House seeking assignment to duty more stimulating than a ship's doctor, and he was assigned the hazardous mission of delivering a message to Gen. Winfield Scott in Mexico City. En route Kane, and the mercenaries who had been hired to escort him, encountered Mexican forces commanded by General Gaona. Although Kane skillfully bested Gaona, he received a serious lance wound in the action. Undaunted, Kane saved the lives of Gaona and the other prisoners from the retribution of the mercenaries under his command, stitching up the wounds of Gaona's son with the tine of a fork and thread. In gratitude, Gaona insisted on hosting Kane at his estate while he recovered from his wound and, in 1848, when he returned to Philadelphia, Kane was hailed as a hero and presented this sword.

Kane is, of course, more widely recognized today for his remarkable exploits on the two Grinnell Arctic Expeditions in search of the missing British explorer Sir Jon Franklin. Kane participated in the first expedition from May 1850 to September 1851, and commanded the second expedition from May 1853 to August 1855. His superb leadership against horrible privations resulted in the return of seventeen of the original twenty expedition members and he is considered today to be among the greatest adventurers and explorers of the last two centuries. Kane's books on the Arctic Expeditions were immediate best sellers and among the most widely read books of the 19th century. Upon his death in Havana in 1837, at the age of 37, the governor of Cuba personally escorted his body to New Orleans. From New Orleans to Cincinnati the banks of the Mississippi were lined with mourners and the subsequent train trip to Philadelphia took four days, because the tracks were thronged with those wishing to pay their respects. Kane's funeral was the largest in American history, eclipsed only by Lincoln's eight years later.

The hilt of the sword is entirely of gold. The tapered cylindrical grip is spirally decorated with engraved scroll and loop motifs. The flattened pommel cap with engraved linear decoration and uses a 3/8" capstan. The whole is overlaid with a coiled rattlesnake with exquisitely defined scales, fangs and teeth and carbochon jeweled eyes. The tail of the snake, including the rattles, extends over the cruciform cross guard, which incorporates classical motifs along with flags, pennants and drums. The 1¼" langets are formed with a shield motif in the center with leaves on either side. The 28½" double-edged blade with median ridge, which is a correct period restoration, is etched for half its length with floral/ scroll motifs and a tucked wing eagle with riband surmounted by sixteen stars at the center of the reverse. The gold scabbard also displays the finest in workmanship with unique draped ring mounts, the helmeted head of Minerva at the bottom and a circle with an acorn and oak leaf finial serving as the drag. The cast and engraved leaf decoration on both sides at the top and bottom mounts is affixed with tiny steel pins, the throat being held in place by tiny steel screws. A beautiful American sword, presented to a man whose life truly embodied the "stuff of legends," for one of the most vicious, small unit, hand to hand actions of the Mexican War.

Condition: As is obvious from the photographs, the condition of the sword is superb. Just a few tiny dents on the lower portion of the scabbard and a few minor stains on the blade, otherwise mint.

Magnificent Matched Pair of Silver Mounted Pennsylvania/ Kentucky Pistols by William M. Sheetz of Shepherdstown, West Virginia. Inscribed to John Blackford of Ferry Hill Plantation, Maryland. Exceptional not only for their superb quality and extreme rarity but also their exquisite condition. John Blackford (1780 - 1839) was the proprietor of the prosperous Ferry Hill Plantation on the Maryland side of the Potomac opposite Shepherdstown. Blackford was a wealthy and astute businessman owning the plantation and the ferry, while holding stock in the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, the Baltimore insurance Company and numerous other commercial ventures. Blackford served in the War of 1812 and commanded a company that, because of its less than exemplary conduct at the disastrous Battle of Bladensburg, was dubbed "The Bladensburg Racers". Despite the poor performance of his troops, Blackford's reputation did not suffer, and he was promoted to a Colonelcy, doubtless using these pistols in his later military exploits.

The Sheetz family of gunsmiths had their origins in Shepherdstown with Phillip Sheetz in 1768, who made muskets for the state of Virginia both before and during the Revolution. William Sheetz was Phillip's grandson and continued the family's gunsmithing tradition in the early 19th century, producing this beautiful pair of pistols, commensurate with the elevated status of John Blackford, ca. 1815 - 20. The 8" octagonal barrels are 13/16" across the flats with deeply rifled approximately .40 caliber bores. The faces of the muzzles are punch decorated with stars and circles. Beautifully figured American walnut stocks. All mountings are coin silver including the wedges. The iron rear sight and German silver front sight are decorated with line engraving as is the face of the wedge. The scroll shaped silver side plates are engraved "John Blackford - Maryland" respectively. Each gun also utilizes an oval silver wrist escutcheon. The guns are signed in hand engraved manuscript "W. M. Sheetz" on the top flat of the barrel behind the rear sight. High quality roller frizzen locks marked "T. Ketland & Co.". Wide triggers with scroll cut decoration. The original hickory ramrods incorporate a hand fashioned iron worm. Although silver mounted American holster pistols from this period do occasionally surface, the emergence of a matched pair, in this superb untouched condition, identified as to both maker and owner, is indeed a rare occurrence in the field of American arms collecting.

Condition: The condition of the pistols is exceptional. All silver perfect with nice light patina. Barrels and locks sharp and crisp with absolutely no rust or pitting and smooth even patina. The signatures are as sharp as the day they were cut. Stocks retain much of the original varnish with a pleasing rich patina on the grips. Just some very light, really negligible, hairline scratches, otherwise perfect. Mechanically crisp.

Incredible Cased Gold Mounted Sword Presented to Major General John E. Wool by the Congress of the United States for Gallantry at the Battle of Buena Vista, February 22-23, 1847. Made by famed cutler Samuel Jackson of Baltimore, Maryland. A joint resolution of Congress, approved January 24, 1854, states "That the thanks of Congress are due, and are hereby tendered, to Brevet Major General John E. Wool, for his distinguished services in the late war with Mexico; and especially for the skill, enterprise, and courage which distinguished his conduct at the Battle of Buena Vista. Resolved, That the President be requested to cause a sword, with suitable devices, to be presented to General Wool as a testimony of the high sense entertained by Congress of his gallant and judicious conduct on that memorable occasion."

John Ellis Wool was born in Newburgh, New York in 1784. In the spring of 1812 he accepted a commission as a captain in the 13th U. S. Infantry. Wool was severely wounded at the Battle of Queenston, promoted to major in the 29th Infantry April 13, 1813, and brevetted to lieutenant colonel September 11, 1814, for gallantry at Plattsburgh. His regular army career secured, he was elevated to colonel and Inspector General of the Army, April 29, 1816, a rank and position he held for more than a quarter century. On June 25, 1841, Wool was commissioned brigadier general and in 1846, at the commencement of the Mexican War, was sent to Cincinnati to organize the influx of volunteers from Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Mississippi, preparing and organizing 12,000 men in a space of six weeks. On August 14 he arrived in San Antonio, efficiently training his force, and setting out for Saltillo on September 26. He traveled some 900 miles through hostile country, arriving on December 22. Wool is generally credited with being largely responsible for the American victory at Buena Vista, choosing the ground and strategically placing the American forces. For his part in the battle Wool was promoted to major general in November of 1847 and became the military governor of Northern Mexico. He returned to the United States to a hero's welcome and, in the years leading up to the Civil War held several department level commands. In August 1861 he was placed in charge of the Department of Virginia and, with the aid of the U. S. Navy, succeeded in capturing the vital port of Norfolk. Finally in August 1863, at the age of seventy nine, having served fifty one years in the United States Army, Wool retired. He returned to his home in Troy, New York, where he died in 1869.

With the Congressional Resolution, the Ordnance Department was called upon by the Secretary of War, Jefferson Davis, to prepare a design for the sword. Captain James G. Benton was chosen for the task and the description of the sword is presented in his own words, "The ear of corn composing the hilt has no particular significance, further that it was thought to be unique and national. The eagle and shield which surmounts it, are national emblems, and the name Buena Vista is written on the shield, to convey an idea of the importance of that victory in a national point of view. The rattlesnake and cactus, which form the guard, are emblems of the Mexican nationality. The bands, to which the rings of the scabbard are fastened, are formed of laurel leaves, emblematic of the glory won by the General on the occasion; and the stars which adorn the tips are expressive of the brevet rank given him for his distinguished services. Congress appropriated $1500 for the sword."

The sword is, of course, fabricated entirely of gold, the eyes of the massive eagle pommel being set with diamonds. The "Buena Vista" inscribed shield is separately affixed to the breast of the eagle. The eyes of the snake on the cross guard are rubies. All casting, texturing, engraving and finishing displays the ultimate in quality and detail. The heavy 31½" double edged blade harkens back to Jackson's knife making heritage, and has a deep narrow central fuller. The blade is etched for 2/3 of its length with a frosted background, incorporating panoplies of arms and flags, scroll motifs and floral garlands with an American eagle with riband and motto on both sides. All etching is exquisitely highlighted with hand engraved details. The blade is additionally decorated with light hand engraved lines above and below the etched panels. Uniquely, the ricasso is formed with three deeply forged ridges forming a chevron with "Samuel/ Jackson/ Baltimore" enclosed, on both sides. The original French style casing is of rosewood with heavily padded dark blue velvet lining. The fittings of the case are silver, including an escutcheon in the center of the lid and mounts on the corners. Case closure is achieved with two push buttons and it is fitted with a lock. Doubtless one of the most elegant American gold mounted swords ever produced with a superb history to one of the longest tenured officers in American military history.

Condition: With the exception of come minor scratches and a shallow dent on the reverse of the scabbard the sword is mint. The interior of the casing is also mint. The casing is architecturally perfect w/just some exterior scratches. The silver mounts on the two rear corners of the lid are missing.

Phenomenal Cased Tiffany & Co. Mexican War Presentation Sword to Captain Schuyler Hamilton by the Citizens of New York, ca. 1840s. Although unmarked, the sword is listed in the Tiffany & Co. loan collection catalog of 1893 (then on loan from General Hamilton) as the earliest presentation sword produced by Tiffany. A 4" x 6 1/8" brass plaque (originally silvered) is attached to the top of the case, and bears the following inscription, "Excelsior - Presented to Schuyler Hamilton, Brevet Captain Of The United States Army And Aide de Camp of General Scott, As A Slight Testimony Of The Admiration And Respect Of His Fellow Citizens And Friends Of New York For His Distinguished Gallantry And Conduct Throughout the Mexican War, Particularly At Mira Flores And Monterey For Which He Twice Received The Honors of Promotion, And Was Appointed Aide To His Commander In Chief, that Veteran Judge Of Military Merit And Soul Of Honor, Winfield Scott, General In Chief Of The Army Of The United States And Conqueror Of Mexico. New York, November 1848".

Schuyler Hamilton was the grandson of Alexander Hamilton and graduated from West Point in 1841. He was thence commissioned a 2d lieutenant in the 1st U. S. Infantry, serving on the frontier and, subsequently, as an instructor of infantry tactics at West Point. In the Mexican War he distinguished himself at Monterey, and in a hand to hand encounter with Mexican lancers at Mira Flores, where he was severely wounded. His ability to command in the face of his serious injury is truly remarkable considering "the lance entered between the shoulder blades, passed thro' the lower lobe of the left lung, coming out under the left breast, the blade having been bended (sic) at nearly a right angle in his body as the lancer dashed on with haft in his hand, was pryed out by the breaking of two ribs on the left side." It is for these actions that the sword was presented. Hamilton's gallant conduct won the esteem of General Scott and, in 1849, after his recovery, he became Scott's aide de camp, serving in that capacity until his retirement from the army in 1854. With the outbreak of the Civil War, Hamilton enlisted as a private in the 7th New York, but was promptly assigned to the staff of General Benjamin Butler. Within the month he was named to Scott's staff until the general's retirement, then moving to the staff of General Halleck. He was soon appointed brigadier general of volunteers and served in Grant's operations in Kentucky and Tennessee. His skill in commanding a division at Island Number 10 and New Madrid resulted in his appointment to major general of volunteers. Ho took part in the Battle of Farrington, but ill health, as the result of contracting malaria forced him to retire on February 27, 1863. His remaining years were spent in New York where he died in 1903.

The commanding presence of this handsome sword is difficult to convey with words and photographs alone. The massive hilt is entirely of silver gilt. The two branch knuckle bow is decorated with raised sections of blue enamel and silver with and exquisitely detailed, open mouthed serpent, intertwined through the whole. The pommel is surmounted by a huge full bodied eagle poised to strike the serpent. The eyes of both the eagle and the snake are mounted with diamonds. The eagle is mounted on a flattened coin silver pommel cap with scroll engraving around the base. The knuckle bow presents the impression of passing through the grip, terminating in a classical helmeted head. The quillon is an intricate Medusa head of coin silver, silver gilt and blue enamel. The tapered cylindrical grip is fabricated of alternating vertical bands of white and red enamel. The obverse has on oval central panel of white enamel which is overlaid with a panoply of lances and a musket, surrounded by blue enamel with 29 silver stars. Pierced and engraved silver gilt ferrules at the top and bottom of the grip. The clamshell guard is composed of very heavy interconnecting tendrils of scrolls and leaves. The underside of the guard is fitted with a heavy silver spacer where the guard meets the scabbard. The 30¼" straight blade is fire blued for its entire length and decorated with engraved and gilded scroll vine and leaf motifs. "Monterey" in a panel on the obverse and "Miraflores" in a corresponding panel on the reverse. The blade uses a wide shallow central fuller and a deep narrow fuller along the top which is decorated with intertwined gilt loops. The wooden scabbard is covered with blue wool. The silver gilt mounts are pierced and include a panoply with an American flag, lances and a musket surrounded by laurel leaves on the middle mount and a heavy scroll finial at the drag. The architecturally fitted wooden case is covered with the same blue wool felt as the scabbard and lined with padded white silk. The presentation plaque is affixed on the top of the case lid and attached with six small brass screws. An incredible sword, presented to one of the scions of one of America's most important founding fathers, with the added interest of being the first presentation sword produced by Tiffany and Company.

Condition: The grip has 1¼" square section of damage with an old repair on the reverse near the base, otherwise the hilt is, in its entirety, mint. Blade near mint, just some very minor scattered blemishes. The scabbard mounts are perfect, the blue wool covering shows some wear along the edges with the wood exposed at several points but very sound. The cloth covering on the wooden case exhibits considerable wear with the wood exposed at a number of spots. The white velvet pad for the hilt is fine, however, the lining in the bottom of the case is missing. The padded silk lining in the lid is very good with just one small (3/4") hole. The casing is overall structurally very sound. The presentation plaque retains approximately 20% of the original silver wash, primarily along the edges.

Provenance: The Donald R. Tharpe Collection of American Military History

Phenomenal Gold Mounted Saber Presented to Colonel Richard M. Johnson by the Congress of the United States for Gallantry at the Battle of the Thames, October 5th 1813. Johnson was one of the great American heroes of the War of 1812 having been credited with killing the Shawnee war chief Tecumseh in hand to hand combat, a feat which subsequently propelled him to the vice presidency of the United States in 1837. The sword is one of only four gold mounted congressional presentations produced by Nathan Starr, of Middletown, Connecticut, in 1819, the original cost being a remarkable $1200. The records of the 15th Congress, Session 1, resolution XI, April 4, 1818, state as follows: resolved by the Senate and house of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, that the President of the United States of America be requested to present to Col. Richard M. Johnson as sword, as a testimony on the high sense entertained by Congress of the daring and distinguished valour displayed by himself and the regiment of volunteers under his command, in charging, and essentially contributing to vanquish, the combined British and Indian forces, under Major General Proctor, on the Thames in Upper Canada, on the fifth day of October, one thousand eight hundred and thirteen. Approved April 4, 1818."

Richard Mentor Johnson, 1780 - 1850, was elected to the Kentucky state legislature and the United States House in 1806, serving as senator from Kentucky 1819 - 1829. In congress he supported President Jefferson and favored the declaration of war against Great Britain. With the outbreak of the war he became colonel of a regiment of mounted Kentucky riflemen and, in 1813, marched under Governor Shelby to join General Harrison on the Canadian border where he took part in the Battle of the Thames. While charging the Indian allies of the British he was severely wounded but his forces prevailed and he was borne from the field a hero, being credited with personally killing Tecumseh. He became a staunch supporter of President Jackson and was made vice president under Van Buren in 1837. He retired to private life in 1841, taking considerable interest in education, and was one of the founders of Columbian College, now George Washington University.

The sword itself is truly a transcendent example of the American swordsmith's art. The gold eagle head pommel is cast and finished with superb detail and incorporates a capstan and a ferrule displaying lightning bolts at the base. The knucklebow exhibits ribbon wrapped foliage spaced with stars and is joined to the eagle's beak by a circular oak leaf and acorn garland. The grip is applied on the obverse side with the arms of the United States below a floral garland and surmounting crossed arrows. The reverse of the grip mounts the presentation plaque which is inscribed in script, "Voted by The Congress of the United States to Col. Richard M. Johnson in testimony of their sense of his gallantry in the Battle of the Thames in Upper Canada fought Oct. 5th, 1813.", with floral garlands above and below the plaque. The guard is modeled on both sides as a spread wing eagle, with laurel leaves above and below. The quillon terminates in a bust of Ceres. The heavy 32¼" curved quill back blade is unetched and utilizes a central wide shallow fuller and a narrow deep fuller along the top. The last 12" of the blade flares and incorporates a false edge and clipped point. The gilt brass scabbard bears gold relief mounts as follows: the upper ring mount with two oak leaf and acorn garlands connected by a ribbon enclosing a spray of wheat and fruit; an elaborate panoply of military arms including a cannon, mortar, drum, flags etc.; the lower ring mount identical to the upper (although displaying no obvious signs it is highly probable there was originally a ring attached to this mount as well); Hercules wrestling with the Nemean lion; a helmeted Minerva profile in a laurel wreath surrounded by closed face Greek helmets; a winged figure of Victory blowing a trumpet from which is suspended the profile of a classical warrior in a laurel wreath; and sprays of flowers spreading from a double anthemion. There is a narrow floral band at the throat with the throat aperture custom cut to fit this blade. On the reverse of the scabbard, between the ring mounts, is an engraved scroll edged panel "Made at N. Starr's Many./Middletown, Conn."

The sword is accompanied by the 1834 Boston edition of the Authentic Biography of Col. Richard M. Johnson of Kentucky presented by Johnson in ink script on the front leaf "Feb. 28, 1835 to Moses Mason Jr." The print and the book are both excellent. The sword is additionally accompanied by a wealth of documentation including information from the descendants of Nathan Starr on the specifics of the sword's manufacture. A magnificent sword by any standard, of the utmost rarity, and presented by the Congress of the United States to an American of considerable historic importance for his achievements in both the military and political arenas.

Condition: The hilt of the sword is mint. The blade displays smooth light gray patina and traces of a pseudo Damascus finish. The scabbard mounts (excepting, of course, the probable missing ring) are also mint. The scabbard exhibits approximately 20% wear to the gilt finish on the reverse and two tiny dings, really negligible.

Magnificent Gold Mounted Sword Presented to the Great American Soldier and Presidential Candidate Major General Winfield Scott by the Commonwealth of Virginia for War of 1812 Service along with his original manuscript letter to the governor of Virginia, dated July 9th 1821, acknowledging the sword and stating "toward my native state my feelings can never vary and should my humble services ever be required, it shall be found that she has not a more dutiful son" written forty years to the day before ordering Federal troops to invade the state at the outbreak of the Civil War. Generally deemed and accepted as one of the most important American gold mounted presentation swords extant.

A resolution of the joint houses of the Virginia Legislature, dated February 12, 1816, calls for the governor to "cause a suitable sword, with proper emblems and devices thereon, to be presented to Major General Scott as a mark of the high opinion the assembly entertains of his gallantry and distinguished services in the battles of Chippewa and Niagara." The aforementioned letter from Scott to governor Pleasants in 1821 provides specifications for the sword and suggests that Fletcher & Gardner of Philadelphia be retained to fabricate it. Subsequent correspondence identifies Harvey Lewis (a renowned Philadelphia silversmith as the artist retained to oversee the design of the sword. The sword was apparently finally presented to Scott in 1826. Copies of all correspondence detailing the inception, design and manufacture of the sword are, of course, included. The 30¾" blade is ovoid in cross section with a flattened median ridge. The blade is etched on both sides for ¾ of its length. All etching is delineated with excruciatingly detailed hand engraving and shadowed and highlighted in gilt. Absolutely incredible and beyond peer in our experience. The elements of the obverse of the blade begin at the hilt with (as described in the original artist's letter of July 24th 1824) "the general in the most conspicuous position reigning up his horse, to speak to a wounded officer who is on the ground supported by a soldier - the enemy giving way to the charge of the American column and are seen retreating in confusion - whilst a long 18 (pdr) is sweeping down their ranks from the battery on the left, in the back ground is seen (sic) the store buildings which composed part of the Fort, and in the perspective a distant view of the Lake." The ensuing panel displays a spread wing eagle with riband on either side "Chippewa 5th July 1814 and "Niagara 25th July 1814" The etching then terminates in a tendril of oak leaves and acorns . The reverse of the blade includes the inscription, "Presented by the Commonwealth of Virginia/to Major general Winfield Scott 12 Feby 1816" followed by the Virginia state seal and motto "Sic Semper Tyrannis", also terminating in a tendril of oak leaves and acorns. The hilt is, of course entirely of gold. The pommel is a plumed open visor helmet, the grip being decorated with deep relief alternating spiral bands of oak leaves and acorns and laurel leaves and berries. The central motif on both faces of the grip is a Medussa head surrounded by intertwined snakes. The delicate knuckle bow bears deep relief acanthus leaves w/a central cameo on both sides of a classical female head. The guard includes intertwined tendrils in relief on the top and terminates in heavy scrolls on both ends. The counterguard is the ultimate expression of the goldsmith's art. The central motif of a plumed helmeted classical head is surrounded by a wreath of laurel leaves and berries which is pierced with war axes and s spear. The axe blades and the spear point being finished in silver against the gold background. The whole is flanked by closed face Greek helmets, also finished in silver and highlighted in gold. The rim is surrounded by scrolls which terminate in graceful eagle heads holding a riband between them. The upturned reverse clamshell counterguard is decorated with fluting on the top. The wooden scabbard is covered with thin Moroccan leather, embossed with geometric designs and decorated with gilt lines. The gold mounts represent a continuation of the style elements, as well as the jewel like quality exhibited on the hilt. The gadrooned ring mounts are highlighted w/wings and lightning bolts on the top mount and Hercules grappling with the Nemean lion on the lower. The bottom scabbard mount features intertwined strands of oak leaves and acorns. An engraved brass collar is applied just above the bottom mount and a 1¾" collar is fitted between the bottom and middle mounts, both appropriately engraved. These were doubtless added during the period to provide reinforcement to these two fragile points on the delicate scabbard. The sword is housed in a pinewood box with iron hinges, lined with padded wool velvet, which, although certainly period, is not of a quality commensurate with the sword. A period handmade cotton storage bag is also included.

Winfield Scott was born on the family estate Laurel Branch, fourteen miles from Petersburg, Va., June 13, 1786. At the age of nineteen Scott stood six feet five, weighed 230 pounds and was generally touted as one of the strongest men in Virginia. His military career got off to a shaky start when, in 1810, he was suspended from the army for a year for insulting General James Wilkinson. Amidst the bungled early campaigns of the War of 1812, Scott was able to retain his reputation, attaining the rank of brigadier general in early 1814. His consummate skills at both training and command led to the American victories at Chippewa and Lundy's Lane where, for the first time, American regulars were able to match the stand up fighting skills of British veterans. Following the war, Scott helped modernize the U.S. Army and worked diligently to improve the training of the regular officer corps. He participated in the Black Hawk War and in 1835 was sent by President Jackson to South Carolina during the nullification crisis, with subsequent actions against the Creek and Seminole Indians in Florida. In 1841 Scott was elevated to general in chief of the U. S. Army and was dubbed "Old Fuss and Feathers" because of his reputation as a harsh drill master. At the outbreak of the Mexican War, in March 1847, Scott commanded an amphibious campaign capturing Vera Cruz. He then set out for Mexico City with 10,000 men winning battles at Cerro Gordo, Churubusco, Molino del Rey and Chapultepec, finally capturing the city in September of 1847. Scott had a contentious relationship with President Polk and it was not until 1852 that he was finally rewarded for his Mexican war victories by being promoted to lieutenant general, the only American officer to hold the rank between Washington and Grant. Scott was the Whig candidate for president in 1852, losing to Franklin Pierce. With Lincoln's election, Scott unsuccessfully urged President Buchanan to reinforce the southern forts. He helped establish the early Union strategy of blockading the Confederacy but was forced to retire because of infirmity in November 1861, dying quietly at West Point in 1866. The accompanying quarto three page manuscript letter is generally accepted as the most important Winfield Scott manuscript extant and provides a remarkable context to this resplendent sword. Additionally there is the two volume leather bound first edition (Sheldon & Co. New York 1864) of Scott's autobiography. 657 pp. with dozens of illustrations, some in color. Affixed at the back of volume two is a lock of Scott's hair underneath a copy of his signature. An American gold mounted sword exhibiting both the aesthetic impact and historical importance equaled by few other specimens in either private hands or institutions.

Condition: Other than some scattered blemishes on the blade, none of which obscure the prolific decoration, the sword is mint. The letter is excellent with just some overall fading. The set of books is also excellent.

Magnificent Jeweled Ames Presentation Sword to Captain Allen Lowd for Action at Fort Texas (Brown) in 1846
Allen Lowd was appointed 2d Lt. in the Corps of Artillery on 1 May 1814 and promoted to 1st Lt. 20 April 1818. He was transferred to the 2d U. S. Artillery 1 June 1821, promoted to captain in 1836, and breveted major for gallant conduct in the Defense of Fort Brown (Texas), 9 May 1846. And it is for that gallantry that Lowd was awarded this sword. Lowd was subsequently commissioned major in the 1st U. S. Artillery 9 October 1853, and died in service 25 November 1854, having served 40 years in the United States Army. Construction of Fort Texas, as it was originally designated, was begun in 1846. This small, star shaped, earthen redoubt was clearly meant to taunt the Mexicans in hopes that they would commit an openly hostile act. The fort was an extension and representation of America's firm belief of the philosophy of "Manifest Destiny." Although President Polk realized that he was courting war, he was determined that Mexico should be perceived as the aggressor. Polk was quickly obliged when in April of 1846, a force of 1600 Mexican troops crossed the Rio Grande, surrounded a force of 63 U.S. Dragoons, and killed or captured all but one of the Americans. Joseph Hardee, later a Confederate general, was among those captured. On May 3, 1846, Mexican artillery, based in Matamoros, began a week long bombardment of the fort. The barrage was answered by American guns and a number of Mexican cannon were disabled. Capt. Allen Lowd commanded a section of the 2d U. S. Artillery with four 18 Pdrs and his effective management of these guns, as well as the light guns of Lt. Braxton Bragg, convinced the Mexicans that a frontal assault on the fort would be far too costly General Arista then settled in for a siege of the American garrison. Arista held overwhelming numerical superiority over the small American force manning the fort, with some 5700 troops at his disposal. Several clandestine attempts by the Mexicans to assault the fort were promptly discovered and broken up by effective American artillery fire, again led by Captain Lowd. During the initial bombardment, on May 6, Major Jacob Brown was killed by Mexican artillery fire. Meanwhile, General Winfield Scott had mounted an expedition at Point Isabel, to relieve the fort. To contest the advance of Scott, Gen. Arista repositioned his forces away from Fort Texas, to the plains of Palo Alto, resulting in the first major battle of the Mexican War, a resounding American victory. Upon Scott's arrival the fort was renamed Fort Brown in honor of Major Brown who was killed in its defense. Although the American garrison suffered only two killed and ten wounded, the action at Ft. Brown turned a Mexican - American border dispute into a war, with the eventual result that some one million square miles of territory were added to the American nation.

The sword is a consummate example of the swordsmith's art. The hilt and scabbard mounts are entirely of silver gilt. The obverse counterguard incorporates a separately affixed spread wing eagle over a panoply of arms with a wreath in its beak. The knuckle bow, pommel cap, and quillon display cast scroll motifs. A large faceted amethyst is mounted on the top of the pommel. The sides of the grip are of mother of pearl and the faces are chaised silver plaques with scroll motifs on the obverse and a faceted aquamarine mounted in the center. The reverse has scroll motifs with the central theme of an eagle surmounting a globe, really beautifully done. Folding counterguard on the back of the hilt, the sword being modeled on the 1840 foot officer's. The all brass scabbard utilizes silver gilt mounts which are decorated with deep relief cast scroll motifs and panoplies of arms. Scroll motifs engraved at the throat and a large exquisitely executed spread wing eagle between the two top mounts holding a riband in its beak with the legend "Fort Brown Texas May 2d, 3d, 4th, 5th 6th 7th & 8th 1846". A 9" section below the middle mount is chaised/engraved with scroll motifs terminating in a coiled serpent, a panoply of arms with a shield and knapsack with blanket roll, both highlighted with a lone star, doubtless representative of Texas, all of this is surmounted by a liberty cap. Silver gilt carrying rings with two on the top mount and one on the middle. The inscription is contained in a scroll edged panel on the obverse of the scabbard between the two top mounts and reads as follows, "To Capt. Allen Lowd U. S. Army from Citizens of Rochester, N. Y. as a testimonial of their respect for his virtues as a man and his Bravery as an Officer". The 31" double edged blade is of the style normally used on the 1832 General and Staff Officer's sword and is etched for 2/3 of its length with a frosted background. Obverse with floral/scroll motifs, panoply of arms and spread wing eagle with riband and motto. The reverse includes floral scroll motifs with cannon barrels, and crossed American flags and American shield in the center. A panel near the base is etched "N. P. Ames/Cutler/Springfield". All etching is profusely highlighted with hand engraved details. The sword is presented in its original maroon velvet lined and padded walnut case which is custom made and form fitted to the sword. Closure is achieved with three large flat brass hooks and screws. Although the actual inscription is not dated the use of the Ames Springfield address validates that the sword was made no later than 1847. In simple terms an absolutely beautiful sword, in superb condition, presented to a dedicated American officer who played a pivotal role in the opening engagement of the Mexican War.

Condition: Hilt mint, mounts mint, blade mint. The brass scabbard just shows some wear to the original gold wash on both sides between the top mounts and on the reverse at the throat, otherwise mint. The case shows some wear to the velvet lining as would be expected, with a rich patina on the wood which has an old varnish finish. A small piece is missing on the lower section at the middle where the closure screw was attached, minor.

Remarkable Captured Mexican Officer's Sword Presented to an American Lieutenant for Gallantry During the Mexican War, ca. 1840s. The sword is unquestionably of European manufacture, most likely English, of superb quality, and made specifically for the Mexican market. Interestingly, there are two other identical swords known to exist (one ex-Guthman). All three swords have a verbal provenance of being captured from Santa Anna's office at the fall of Mexico City, September 14, 1847, and subsequently inscribed and presented to American officers. The wonderful inscription is on the scabbard between the ring mounts, "Presented to/ Lieut. J. S. McCabe/ by his Company/ for his Gallant Conduct in different battles in/ Mexico 1847". The tiny initials "L. P." are engraved just below the inscription, most likely the engraver.

James S. McCabe mustered into service as adjutant of the 2d New York Volunteer Infantry in November 1846, serving with the regiment throughout its term of Mexican War service. He was wounded at Churubusco and mustered out with the regiment in August 1848. The sword, overall, is reminiscent of European heavy cavalry/ dragoon patterns of the late 18th to mid 19th century. The 34¼" quill back blade is etched for half its length with floral and scroll motifs, panoplies of arms and flags and utilizes a central motif of the iconic Mexican eagle perched on a cactus with a snake in its beak. All etching is highlighted with hand engraved details. The heavy all brass guard features two branches emanating from a gadrooned central shell motif with two rosettes at the base. The pommel and backstrap also display deep gaddrooning. Gray fishskin grips wrapped with spring like brass wire between two strands of twisted brass wire. German silver scabbard and throat with brass ring mounts and drag. The practice of reusing captured Mexican war trophies is well documented including a number of bronze American gun tubes that were cast from captured Mexican cannon. The ostentatious equipage of the Mexican officer corps resulted in numerous instances of these high quality weapons and accoutrements being not only retained as trophies but, in some instances, as with this sword, presented in the field to deserving American officers. A visually impressive and historically significant Mexican War presentation sword.

Condition: The sword is overall near mint. The blade retains much of the original luster with just some scattered staining, very minor. The entire hilt is architecturally perfect and retains 80% of the original gilt. Grip also excellent just showing the slightest wear, untouched. Scabbard and mounts also near perfect with just some light scratches and nice light patina. The inscription is completely untouched.

Historic Mexican War Sword of Lieutenant William Henry French by N. P. Ames, ca. 1840s. Listed in records as having been ordered by (and so marked) Hyde & Goodrich of New Orleans from the Ames Sword Company at a cost of $100. A unique feature of this sword is that it was presented to French in Mexico during the conduct of the war. The use of Hyde & Goodrich as agents is a logical choice as New Orleans served as the major American port of embarkation for troops departing for Mexico. William H. French was an 1839 graduate of West Point and was initially posted as a lieutenant with the 1st U.S. Artillery, serving with that unit in Florida during the second Seminole War. At the beginning of the Mexican War, French was in charge of the Commissary Depot at Brazos Island, located at the southern most tip of Texas. It was while serving in that capacity that he was presented with this sword. French subsequently saw considerable action during the war and was brevetted for gallantry at Cerro Gordo, Contreras, and Churubusco, doubtless with this treasured sword at his side. Indeed Civil War period photographs of French show him cradling this exact sword. His post Mexican War service again saw him fighting against the Seminoles in Florida, with his final pre-Civil War service on the Texas frontier. At the outbreak of the war French, then a major, moved his forces to Florida to reinforce Forts Jefferson and Taylor, and is credited with saving those critical outposts for the Union. He was promoted to brigadier general on September 28, 1861, and assigned to the Army of the Potomac, commanding a brigade of the second corps in the Peninsular Campaign and the corps' third division at Sharpsburg. Promotion to major general followed on November 29, 1862, and French served ably at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, assuming command of the third corps after Sickles' wounding at Gettysburg. After controversy surrounding his conduct at Mine Run, and the dissolution of the third corps, French mustered out of volunteer service May 6, 1864. He subsequently served in regular army posts until his retirement in 1880 as a colonel in the 4th U. S. Artillery.

The sword incorporates a 31¾" straight double edged blade with a deep narrow central fuller. The blade is etched for 2/3 of its length with floral/scroll motifs, panoplies of arms and, on the obverse a central theme of a liberty cap with a corresponding eagle with riband on the reverse. The hilt is of gilt brass, the heavy cross guard cast with deep scroll and leaf motifs and the obverse langet set with a large multi faceted semi precious red stone, surrounded by scroll work. Plumed helmet pommel with heavy double strand silver chain guard. The tapered octagonal grip is composed of alternating panels of silver studded mother of pearl and scroll engraved silver, with a faceted semi precious red stone set on the front panel. The two upper mounts on the gilt brass scabbard display cast and separately affixed leaf and scroll work with a panoply of arms with American shield on the middle mount. The presentation is enclosed in a scroll bordered panel between the upper mounts, "Presented to/ Lieut. W. H. French 1st Artillery U. S. A./ Assistant Commissary of Subsistance/ at Brazos Island Depot. By his Clerks/ Feb. 7, 1847". The area between the middle and lower mounts is heavily chased/ engraved with a panoply of arms, knapsack, and scrollwork. The lower scabbard mount is a separately affixed panel of oak leaves and acorns with a drag composed of acanthus leaves. The reverse of the scabbard, between the upper mount and throat bears the following legend, "Hyde & Goodrich/ New Orleans/ By/ N. P. Ames/ Cabotville/ Mass." Included with the sword are three Civil War period Brady/ Anthony cartes de visite of French, one of which depicts him with this exact sword. A wonderful American presentation sword, clearly cherished and used by General French throughout his long and illustrious military career.

Condition: The sword overall retains only traces of the original gilt, obviously being used by French throughout his career. Two of the silver grip panels are a bit loose, easily repaired, no cracks or breaks. One tiny patch of light pitting 3" from the tip, otherwise mint retaining all of the original luster.

Exceedingly Rare Daniel Pettibone Cast Steel Horseman's Sabre Circa 1808-1812. In 1802 Daniel Pettibone, Ezekiel Chapman, and Josiah Nichols, Jr. were granted joint patent rights for a process of "welding Cast Steel to Iron, in such manner as to be applied to edge tools or other purposes where steel is required". In 1804, Pettibone, by changing the process of the original patent specification slightly but significantly, was able to obtain an improved patent and break from his joint patent holders. Pettibone sold licenses for his welding process throughout New England and the Middle Atlantic states. Research indicates that Pettibone was employed for a time at Springfield Armory and was also an arms inspector for the U. S. Philadelphia Armory. During the opening phase of the War of 1812 the War Department suffered from a shortage of swords. It may be at this critical time that Daniel Pettibone received a sabre contract and produced this example using his cast steel process.

This heavy sword features a 35" flat, curved, single-edged blade with riveted tang and clipped point. The blade width is 1½". The obverse ricasso features a stamped "U.S."; the reverse ricasso is die-struck "PETTIBONE'S PATENT / CAST-STEEL" surrounding a Federal-style eagle. The forged iron hilt features a knuckle guard slotted for a sword knot. Leather is stitched around a grip of cedar. This example retains about 80% of the original leather wrap. Though the blade markings are strong and distinct, the blade has been buffed at some point in its life. Otherwise it is in very good condition.

Consulting the available references dealing with this saber, it appears that as of 1985, only one other sabre of this exact type was known to exist and that example was held in the collection of the Canadian War Museum in Ottawa. Included with the sword is a September/October 1985 edition of Man at Arms magazine with an article by John D. Hamilton titled "The Pettibone Sabre" which gives the best account of this rare sabre to date. Further research may one day determine whether this sabre was one of only a few completed as pattern proofs for government evaluation or if it was actually produced, albeit in small numbers, and issued for service. At any rate this is an extraordinarily rare edged weapon that would be a highlight of even the most advanced collection.

Exceedingly Rare US Contract Navy Cutlass, ca. 1800. Generically referred to as the "Baltimore Pattern" (Peterson #48), with only a handful of known specimens, with this example exhibiting the even rarer detail of a turned maple grip. 32¼" overall with 27½" flat curved blade with clipped point. Heavy sheet iron figure eight guard which flares at the top to form the pommel. The quillon is formed by rolling a strip cut from the guard. Turned maple grip which flares at the top and bottom with copper ferrule at each end. This example bears a wealth of markings which may aid in identifying the maker and context of usage of these swords. The obverse of the blade bears an upside down P, the reverse with a pin punched applied 9/16" high "78". There are three notches neatly cut along the back edge of the blade near the hilt. The face of the central lobe of the guard is marked with a block US. The upper copper grip ferrule exhibits the shaded, hand engraved markings, "G 44 2 2B". The condition is as fine as any specimen known. Blade with a number of small nicks on the upper 14". Light to medium pitting of both sides of the upper 9" of the blade and some small patch of medium pitting on the obverse 4" above the hilt, otherwise the blade is smooth and dark. Guard smooth and dark with just a couple of small patches of very light pitting, minor. Turned maple grip with a very old 1 ½" gouge, otherwise smooth dark patina, copper ferrules also with dark patina. Excellent markings, very tight. A rare opportunity in Federal period US sword collecting.

American Eaglehead Mounted Artillery Officer's, ca. 1815. Very wide 30-inch blade decorated for half its length with fire blue and with engraved military and floral motifs highlighted with gilt., the obverse including an American shield and "Warranted" in a riband at the base. Blade excellent, really very pretty, bright and clean retaining 80% of the original fire blue and gilt. All brass hilt, fluted on the face of the knucklebow, splitting at the base to form branches on either side. Nicely delineated eagle pommel, fluted dark horn one piece grip with brass ferrule at the base. The quillon is decorated with a fan like motif. Hilt excellent retaining traces of the original gilt. Brass mounted leather scabbard excellent, very sound with just some crackling to the finish and a few very small areas of flaking. Brass mounts perfect, decorated with line engraving, the throat utilizing a single carrying ring and frog stud. There is no sign the scabbard ever carried a middle mount. A very attractive American saber, the blade width indicating its possible use during the War of 1812.

Scarce American Eagle Head Naval Officer's Straight Sword, ca. 1820. Although the eagle head was, by far, the most popular form for American swords of this period, those incorporating uniquely naval motifs are quite rare. 31¾" straight blade decorated for 1/2 its length with a fire blued panel, engraved with military and foliate motifs and highlighted with gilt. "In Solingen" in a small gilt panel at the base of the reverse with a similar panel on the obverse but impossible to discern because of the counter guard. Blade retains much original luster, blue and gilt about 40%, just some scattered staining and a few patches of salt and peppering. The all brass hilt retains traces of the original silver. The large counter guard exhibits deep relief motifs of a tuck wing eagle with shield on crossed flags and fouled anchors, surmounted by stars with ocean waves underneath. The knucklebow incorporates scroll and floral motifs with a lion head face in the center. Sleek open mouthed eagle head pommel with delineated feathers. Lion head quillon and a small turned up counterguard on the reverse. The four piece ivory grip is fluted on the face and flat on the sides, there is a scroll decorated ferrule at the base. All brass with dark untouched patina, grips with nice mellow color. The original leather scabbard has several old repaired breaks and is now in two pieces with a break approximately 14" from the tip. There is no loss, however, and easily repaired/neatened up. Retains the brass throat with single carrying ring an frog stud decorated with scroll motifs. The throat also retains vestiges of the original silver. A very difficult to obtain American naval officer's sword.

Very Fine Circa 1820 Eagle Head U.S. Artillery Officer's Saber. 28½" wide curved blade, decorated for half its length with fire blue and gilt highlighted engraved military and scroll motifs. Riband at the base of the obverse "Warranted". Retains 70% of the original blue and gilt, otherwise smooth and gray with just a few tiny patches of light pitting and a few tiny nicks. Brass hilt retains 80% of the original gilt. The guard splits into branches at the base of the knuckle bow, which is fluted on the face with fan like design on the quillon. One piece ivory grip carved with swirl design with nice mellow color, eagle head with extremely fine definition. Original black leather scabbard with some flaking but very sound. Brass mounts with two carrying rings and a frog stud, mounts excellent with light patina. A very attractive sword.

Very Rare Circa 1820 American Grenadier/Artillery Officer's Short Sword/Hanger. This exquisite example is signed by F. H. Lambert of Philadelphia (firmly believe this is F. H. not J. H.), and exhibits superb condition. The 26½" curved blade is decorated with a background of brilliant fire blue with engraved scroll work and arms panoplies, highlighted in gilt. "F. H. Lambert" in a gilt panel at the base of the obverse with "Philadelphia" in a similar panel on the reverse. The blade is about mint retaining most of the brilliant luster, absolutely gorgeous. The brass hilt is in the form of the 18th century French pattern and utilizes a stirrup hilt, birdhead pommel with backstrap and a capstan. Leather covered grip with double strand twisted brass wire wrap also near perfect. The original leather scabbard with scalloped edge brass mounts exhibiting line decoration with two brass carrying rings and a frog stud. Mounts with just a few dents, scabbard with one weak spot just above the lower mount but intact, otherwise very fine. A very rare American sword in exceptional condition.

Exceptional Quality, Fine Condition US Eaglehead Mounted Artillery Officer's Saber, ca. 1825. 30" curved blade profusely decorated for 2/3 its length. Fire blue background with gilt highlighted engraving including Indian head, large spread wing eagle with shield and panoply of arms on the obverse, the reverse with floral scrollwork and military trophies.

Both sides of the blade also display two 2" white etched panels with floral motifs. Blade really excellent retaining touches of the original luster and 90% of the original fire blue and gilt, just some scattered staining and one tiny patch of very light pitting near the tip. The all brass hilt retains 80% of the original gilt. Knucklebow composed of interlocking scrolls with acanthus leaves where it joins the pommel. Shield shaped langets with lined background and tucked wing American eagle with shield, draped motif at the top. Disc shaped quillon with acanthus leaf decoration extending into the top of the guard. The well defined eagle pommel includes a backstrap which extends to the base of the grip with a brass ferrule. One piece ivory grips carved with spiral design. Nice mellow color, just one small chip at the top. There is no scabbard. A most impressive American militia officer's saber.

Circa 1830 "Indian Princess" American Militia Officer's Straight Sword by Horstmann, Philadelphia. Occurring in a number of different configurations, this pommel form was very popular with American militia officers during the 1825 - 1840 period. This example uses a 30" blade which is decorated for 1/2 of its length with fire blue with engraved scroll and military motifs highlighted with gilt. The blade is near mint, just the slightest fading on a small area of the blue near the hilt., really spectacular. The all brass hilt retains traces of the original gilt with spread wing eagle langets, knucklebow decorated with floral and scroll motifs and the classic Indian princess pommel. Mother-of-pearl plaque grips. Hilt untouched, generally with dark patina, grips perfect. All brass scabbard profusely decorated with engraved oak leaf and scroll designs with an acanthus leaf vine on the lower section. Brass throat, single brass ring mount, frog stud with scroll decoration. Separately affixed brass scroll on the reverse of the scabbard with "Horstmann & Sons/Makers/Philada" logo. Just a few very minor shallow dents. Really a choice example of this very desirable form of American militia officer's sword.

High Grade Circa 1830 U.S. Militia Artillery Officer's Saber with Elegant Brass Scabbard. 30" blade decorated for half its length engraved designs highlighted with gilt. Indian head, liberty cap and American shield on the obverse with military trophies and foliate work on the reverse. Both sides also incorporate two 1½" white etched scroll work panels. Blade generally clean and light gray with a number of tiny nicks, absolutely o rust or pitting, retaining traces of the original gilt. The hilt is exceptional. The knucklebow is a stylized Corinthian column interspersed with oak leaves and bead work. The langets are oval American shields with the motto "Parta Tueri" all surrounded by a laurel leaf border. The bird head pommel is deeply cast with oak leaves and acorns, which extend down the backstrap with a brass ferrule at the base of the grip. One piece ivory grip decorated with geometric designs, just a couple of tiny chips at the top, nice mellow patina. Hilt overall excellent retaining traces of the original gilt, the obverse langet with a minor bend. The all brass scabbard is profusely engraved over 60% of its surface with scroll leaf and geometric designs. There is large spread wing eagle and shield between the two ring mounts. The carrying rings are brass. There is a noteworthy dent on both sides, 10" from the bottom which has resulted in small cracks but quite sound and readily repaired by a competent restorer. The scabbard is otherwise excellent retaining traces of the original gilt, the throat is missing. A most impressive American sword.

Early US M1833 Dragoon Saber by Ames Dated 1835. Quill back blade excellent, generally smooth and gray with just some staining, some light sharpening and a couple of very small patches of salt and peppering near the tip. Hand engraved on the obverse at the base "N. P. Ames/ Cutler/ Springfield/ 1835" and on the reverse "United States" over a floral spray. Retains most of the original leather washer. Brass hilt very good with just a couple of very minor bends, with nice inspector's marks, branches with line engraved borders. Leather grip also excellent with twisted brass wire (rather than the spring like wire normally encountered) that appears to have been there since the period of use. Scabbard smooth and dark, untouched with a number of dents on the lower 2/3 with two very small cracks but very sound. Original screw fastened throat, the carrying rings are replacements. A scarce early '33 dragoon.

Model 1840 Light Artillery Saber. This handsome and versatile saber was based upon a French pattern for the light artillery companies of the regular artillery regiments. The design proved popular enough to remain in service for nearly fifty years. This example dated 1849 was produced by the Ames Manufacturing Company in Cabotville, Massachusetts. The Ames company would ultimately deliver 19,902 examples of this pattern to fulfill government contracts. The curved, single-edged blade measures 32", with an overall length of 38". The blade is 1.25" wide at the hilt. A broad fuller runs from the ricasso to within 6" of the point. The blade displays a rudimentary false edge. The blade is marked "US / WB" on one side of the ricasso and bears the "Ames Mfg Co / Cabotville /1849" on the other. The grip is wood covered with leather and wound with twisted brass wire. The pommel is of the Phrygian helmet style and made of brass. The knuckle-bow is a four-sided strip of brass that curves evenly below the blade, and the quillon ends above the blade in a disc. The guard is marked "JAR". Each side of the quillon is marked with a number "3". The iron scabbard has two rings for suspension and a drag. This example is in very good condition with some dark spots on the surface of the blade and some light pitting. The scabbard shows signs of honest carry wear, otherwise it is near fine. A splendid example of a sword widely used during the Civil War.

Very Fine M1840 Heavy Cavalry Saber by Schnitzler and Kirschbaum (S & K). This example probably part of the original M1840 contract for sabers awarded to this firm by the US government. A superior quality weapon, certainly the equivalent of anything produced by US manufacturers. Superb condition, the blade clean and bright, retaining much of the original luster, just a few tiny nicks, negligible. Marked "S & K" on the reverse ricasso and Solingen on the obverse. Brass hilt, leather grip and twisted brass wire wrap all perfect, overall with nice light patina. Iron scabbard also near perfect, with dark smooth patina, just a few small patches of light surface rust on the lower third. A choice example of this scarce US contract saber.

Exceptional Condition Pre-Civil War US M1840 Light Artillery Saber by Ames. Blade generally smooth and clean, just some minor scattered salt and peppering, detracts little. Crisp markings US/WD on obverse and Ames Mfg Co./Cabotville on reverse ricasso. Brass guard, leather grip and wire wrap all mint with a nice patina. Underside of the guard recessed to accept the scabbard. Correct iron scabbard made without throat, near perfect, dark and smooth with just one small patch of light pitting. Another exemplary M1840 artillery saber.

Unusual Form US Militia Staff Officer's Sword, ca. 1840. Although in general a classic example of this cruciform guard sword popular with American officers in the twenty year period preceding the Civil War, this example displays hilt characteristics, most notably the grip we have not encountered before which harken to period Bowie knives. 38" overall with 32" double edge blade, elliptical in cross section with single narrow central fuller. The blade is decorated for 2/3 of its length with a fire blue background which incorporates engraved scroll and military motifs highlighted with gilt and two white etched scrollwork panels on each side. The reverse also displays and engraved and gilded spread wing eagle. Blade very fine with just some staining and a few tiny patches of very light pitting. Bright blue and gilt, both about 80% intact. The guard displays cast relief scroll work with a rising sun with rays in the center, American shield langets. The grip utilizes rosewood plaques set in a heavily scroll engraved brass frame. Absolutely unique in our experience. The obverse grip is inlaid with a small silver plaque on which is neatly scratched the letters "TX". Retains the original German silver chain guard. The brass scabbard is heavily engraved with scroll work and oak leaves, single ring mount with two carrying rings and a frog stud decorated with oak leaves, the throat is missing. Scabbard excellent with nice light patina, just one small bend at the throat. There is a notation on a tag which accompanies the sword that states it was once held in the Lincoln Nebraska Statehouse. An attractive and unusual American sword exhibiting an extremely rare form.

Inscribed Officer's Saber of the First Troop of Philadelphia City Cavalry, ca. 1845. Although at one time believed to be associated with the topographical engineer corps, it is now known that these rare and well made sabers, which closely resemble the M1833 dragoon were, in fact purchased for this Philadelphia militia unit, organized in 1774. 36" curved quill back blade deeply etched for 2/3 of its length. The obverse with a vine of laurel leaves and berries, a tent, tucked wing eagle with riband, US shield on a panoply of flags, oak leaf and acorn motifs and the etched logo "W. H. Horstmann & Sons Philadelphia". The reverse exhibits oak leaves with acorns, a tucked wing eagle with riband and stars, Indian with upraised tomahawk and "C. T." inside an oak leaf and acorn wreath, with oak leaves and acorns extending to the rudimentary ricasso. The back of the blade bears the etched panel "Iron Proof". Blade bright and clean, just some minor stains, really superb. The iron hilt has two outward branches and an inboard branch with a loop, tiered pommel with backstrap. Fishskin grip with twisted brass wire and iron ferrule at the base. The sword is inscribed on the upper section of the backstrap in a riband J. Newton Dickson". The inscription shows considerable wear but readily discernible and unquestionably period. Entire hilt perfect, smooth, dark and completely untouched. A rare American sword and extremely desirable with this wonderful inscription.

Very nice Circa 1850 Sheffield Bowie knife with 7½" Spear Point Blade Etched on a Frosted Panel with the Motto "Americans Ask For Nothing But What Is Right And Submit To Nothing That Is Wrong" with Large "OK" in the Ccenter. Marked on the obverse ricasso "Crockes/ Brothers/ Sheffield". The knife is 11¾" overall with scroll engraved German silver cross guard and ivory plaque grips with a shield shaped German silver escutcheon inlaid on the obverse. There is no scabbard. Very fine condition, the blade bright with etching a bit light but totally legible and absolutely authentic, just some very minor staining, there is absolutely no rust or pitting. Very nice knife exemplifying those carried into battle by many soldiers during the Civil War.

Matched Pair of Brescian Style Flintlock Pistols. Circa mid to late 1700s. 12" barrels in .52 caliber. Barrels are part octagon (fluted) and part round. All furniture is brass and modestly engraved. Wood stocks have raised carved elements. Both actions function. Lock plates and hammers are lightly engraved.

Condition. Both pistols have been heavily cleaned. Barrels and locks are bright metal. Brass furniture is starting to take on a patina. Wood is smooth from cleaning. All metal surfaces show deep pitting.

French M1777 Flintlock Pistol, the Standard French Issue Pistol of the Revolutionary War Period, This Weapon Served as the Pattern for the First Official Model Pistol Adopted by the U.S. Military in 1799. 7½" .69 caliber barrel engraved at the tang "1777". All brass furniture and frame, engraved below the hammer "Charleville" and proof F 80 just behind the pan. A 7½" long rather crudely fashioned belt iron hook is attached with a screw at a mortise just behind the trigger. One piece wood grip very sound with a line crack, with no loss on the right side and minor hairline on the left. Barrel, hammer and frizzen with some light scattered pitting, all brass with nice light patina. A nice example of this scarce Revolutionary war period pistol that was used extensively by American troops and played a prominent role in the developing US military arms industry.

Circa 1790 English Boxlock Flintlock Pocket Pistol With 1¾" Triangular Snap Bayonet. Frame and barrel all brass with engraved floral and geometric decoration, iron trigger guard with engraved star, approximately .50 caliber. Bayonet works perfectly with spring loaded button on the side for release. Iron frame sliding safety, that engages a small hole on the face of the frizzen, has a small piece broken off the right side but still works perfectly, otherwise the gun is complete and original in every respect. One piece wood grip marked on the right side with large die stamped "08". Overall excellent with nice mellow patina on wood and metal. An intriguing and impressive little pistol.

Very Rare U.S. M1805 Flintlock Harpers Ferry Pistol, .54 Caliber Smoothbore, in Superb Condition. Doubtless the most attractive US martial handgun ever produced, and the first military handgun manufactured in a national armory. Originally issued in numbered pairs, this early example bears the number 667 at the breech. This rare gun appears to be in its original flintlock configuration. All metal smooth and clean, just come scattered salt and peppering and some very light pitting in the area of the touch hole, mechanically perfect. Wood really exceptional with wonderful smooth patina and excellent inspector's marks. The brass tipped ramrod is an old replacement and looks very nice. Lock markings with spread wing eagle "US/ Harpers Ferry" and dated 1807. (2,580 guns produced in that year). Breech markings with US/ eaglehead/ 667. All markings deep and crisp. A choice example of this very rare and most desirable U.S. martial handgun.

Very Nice U.S. M1816 Flintlock Pistol, .54 Caliber Smoothbore. Metal generally smooth and brown with a few scattered dings and some scattered patches of light pitting, mechanically perfect. Excellent lock markings with US/S. North etc., breech markings also excellent. Wood excellent with fine inspector's cartouche. There is a very minor hairline on the left side of the butt, easily made imperceptible. The wooden ramrod is a replacement. The gun appears to be in its original flintlock configuration. A nice example of this important US military handgun

US M1819 Flintlock Single Shot Pistol, .54 Caliber Smoothbore. All metal with very nice smooth brown patina. Wood very good, just a few scattered nicks and dents with excellent inspector's cartouche. Lock markings S. North etc. excellent dated. Breech markings also excellent. The gun appears to be in its original flintlock configuration. Very nice

US M1836 Single Shot Flintlock Pistol, .52 Caliber Smoothbore. All metal with scattered salt and peppering, just a few tiny patches of light pitting, mechanically perfect. Wood really exceptional with sharp edges and crisp inspectors' cartouches. Breech markings excellent with NWP inspector's mark. The gun appears to be in its original flintlock configuration. Nice example of this desirable US martial handgun.

Engraved Cased Pair of French or Belgian-Made Target Pistols. Included in the case are a wooden mallet and rammer, pewter oil bottle, brass powder measure, and two wooden containers for shooting components. One wooden ramrod is not present. The oak case is of a form-fitted French type lined in green wool. The case lid has a brass plate inlay.

Condition: The pistols retain almost all of the very brilliant case hardened colors on the locks, hammers, triggerguards, breeches and buttcaps. The fluted grips and relief-carved forearms remain in fine condition with scattered small dents and scratches. Most of the original finish remains on the stocks. Both barrels have been refinished during the period of use and retain over 99% of that finish. The bores are in fine condition with slight staining. The oak case has a full-length crack in the lid and some damage to the right side oak lining strip on the inner case. One compartment lid is missing. The case lining is possibly not original, and the exterior the case has been refinished.

US M1836 Single Shot Pistol, .52 Caliber Smoothbore with Arsenal Cone Conversion to Percussion. Many of these pistols, in this percussion configuration were used during the Civil War, most notable in Confederate units. All metal parts with scattered salt and peppering, just a few tiny spots of very light pitting, mechanically perfect. Wood excellent with initials "HY" carved opposite the lock, retains vestiges of the inspector's cartouche. Lock markings, "A. Waters/Milbury, Ms./1840" excellent. Breech markings a bit weak but visible. Nice honest example of this US primary martial handgun.

Model 1842 U.S. Percussion Pistol by H. Aston. Circa 1850s, 8½" round barrel in .54 caliber. All markings and configuration as standard for this revolver. Both cartouches are strong. Lock plate dated 1851, top tang dated 1850, both lock plate and barrel retain U.S. markings. Functioning action.

Condition. Basically a one hundred percent original and authentic single shot U.S. military pistol. Metal surfaces have been cleaned and are relatively bright. Minor pitting along length of barrel. Brass mountings have been cleaned but are starting to come back. Excellent wood stocks.

Colt Model 1851 Navy Revolver. Serial number 89316, circa 1858. 7½" octagon barrel in .36 cal. Pretty much a made up revolver. Hartford barrel address is re-stamped. Iron back strap has a non-factory style 316 stamped in proper place. Serial numbers on frame, barrel long, trigger guard and cylinder appear to be correct. No number on wedge or rammer. Spurious "U.S." is stamped on frame below patent stamp, functioning action.

Early Starr Arms Company M1858 .44 Caliber Percussion Double Action Army Revolver #2488. This rather complicated double action version was replaced by the in 1863 by the single action version which was simpler and less costly to manufacture. This example, with its low four digit number was probably produced well before the Civil War, although doubtless saw Civil War service. All metal smooth and gray with a few scattered dents and a few small patches of very light pitting, overall very nice. Excellent bore, mechanically perfect, crisp markings. Grip with smooth even wear and just a few minor dents. A nice honest pre war Starr.

Model 1803 U.S. Flintlock Rifle. Dated 1819, 36" part octagon, part round barrel in .54 caliber. Configuration and markings as standard for this rifle. Tail of lock plate marked "Harpers Ferry" and dated 1819.

Condition: Metal with scattered light pitting, now dark. Brass furniture cleaned bright. Wood probably refinished with an old coat of varnish. Although it appears to be original flint it is possibly a very well done reconversion.

Model 1816 Musket Converted to Percussion. Dated 1837, 42" barrel in .69 caliber. Lock plate marked "Harpers Ferry 1837" with eagle over U.S. Hammer spur with deeply cut, hand filed, knurling typical of these Confederate conversions. Large "12" carved on right side of butt, mechanically perfect.

Condition. All metal surfaces medium grey to black with light pitting throughout with the exception of the lock plate which is relatively free of pits. Wood is relatively sound but has been cleaned in the past.

Model 1816 U.S. Musket Converted to Percussion. 42" round barrel in .69 caliber. Belgium style conversion employed. Lock plate marked "SPRINGFIELD 1837" with eagle over U.S., VP proof evident at breach end or barrel. Tang dated 1841, functioning action. C 5 carved in stock adjacent to tang. "H G" stamped on forward section of trigger plate. All metal surfaces finished bright.

Condition. Light to dark grey patina overall. Normal pitting at breech end of barrel. Wood sound with wear in keeping with military use. No visible cartouche.

Model 1816 Musket Converted to Percussion. 42" barrel with Hewes & Phillips bolster style conversion in .69 caliber. Lockplate marked "N. STARR, U.S., MIDD TN Conn. 1833". Bold H & P stamp on face of bolster and "1862" is stamped in top most portion of same, indicating year of conversion. Musket configuration as standard for this model. Bayonet included. Functioning action.

Condition. Exceptionally clean example. All metal surfaces bright with good age. Sound wood with normal blemishes. No visible cartouche.

Model 1817 U.S. Flintlock Rifle. Dated 1841, 36" round barrel in .54 Caliber. Usually referred to by collectors as "Common Rifle." All iron hardware including patchbox. Lock plate marked, "U.S., Deringer, Phila" and stamped 1841 on tail. Breech of barrel stamped U.S. with J.H. inspectors stamp and 1841 date on tang. Configuration as standard for this model. Inspectors cartouches (three) partially visible on stock. Mechanically perfect.

Condition. Appears to be original flintlock configuration. Metal generally smooth and dark (possibly some spots of recoloring) with scattered light pitting. Wood very nice but shows a splice under the rear band, with what actually appears to be original wood.

Model 1819 Hall U.S. Breech-Loading Flintlock Rifle. Dated 1831, 32¾" round barrel in .52 caliber. This rifle was made under contract with Simeon North. Top of breech block stamped "U.S., S. NORTH MIDDL tn. CONN. 1831" in five lines. Functioning action and breech mechanism. Configuration as standard for this contract variant.

Condition: All metal surfaces smooth with nice patina. Wood excellent with a repaired chip at the rear of the receiver, typical of these rifles. A very fine example of this innovative and desirable breech loading US military rifle.

Model 1842 U.S. Percussion Musket. Dated 1848, 42" round barrel in .69 caliber. Lock plate marked "Harpers Ferry 1848" with eagle over U.S., barrel date is also 1848. All features as standard for this model. "W B" carved in stock. Functioning action. A nice honest Mexican War dated M1842 musket.

Condition. All metal surfaces are pretty much an aged black patina. Barrel proofs are light. Pitting evident on barrel breech. No visible cartouche. Solid wood with expected wear in keeping with overall appearance of musket.

Model 1842 U.S. Percussion Musket. Dated 1849. 42" round barrel in .69 caliber. Lockplate marked "Harpers Ferry 1849" with Eagle over U.S. "VP" and Eagle evident on breach end of barrel. Rifle comes complete with original sling and bayonet. All metal parts finished bright. Functioning action.

Condition: Metal surfaces go from a light to medium gray on the barrel to a dark brown on the lock and hammer. One lockplate screw is missing. Heavy pitting at breech end of barrel. Wood is pretty good, even though it has been worked down some in the area of the tang. One cartouche is partially visible.

Hall/North M1843 Percussion Breech Loading .50 Caliber Carbine. A portion of the initial production of this innovative weapon was issued to the 1st and 2d Dragoons and many Union cavalry regiments, most notably western theater units, were issued these carbines for Civil War use. This is a very nice example. Metal generally smooth and dark with just a couple of patches of light pitting on the top of the frame, the breech lever retaining much of the original blue. Excellent bore, mechanically perfect. Complete and correct in every respect including saddle bar/ring and rod. Marked on the breech block "S. North/ Middltn/ Conn", markings somewhat weak with no date visible, also marked "JH" at breech. Wood very good, showing nice patina under an old varnish finish. There is a very old repair to a ¾" by 4" section on the left side of the stock adjacent to the frame. Extremely well done and detracts little, actually appears to have been done during the period of use. Nice example of this reasonably scarce U.S. primary martial breech loading carbine.

Sharps Model 1853 Carbine. Serial number 21905, circa 1850s. 21½" round barrel in .52 caliber. All markings and configuration as standard for this model. Historically, this model is important as it is the model John Brown was alleged to have received to fight for his abolitionist beliefs. Hence the nicknames; "John Brown Sharps" and "Beecher's Bibles." Functioning action.

Condition. Overall a very good example of this highly sought after model. Metal surfaces go from light to dark grey. Brass fittings have a nice yellow patina. Wood is basically sound. No cleaning of consequence evident on any part of this weapon. Two forend screws missing and one on rear sight. This is a very nice gun.

Circa 1835 US Militia Dragoon Helmet with Original Horsehair. This high comb brass-bound form had become de rigeur for American mounted units by the 1830s. The leather body of this example is a bit shaken but intact with no major breaks. The decoratively cut tarred leather visor exhibits bubbling to the finish but excellent. The brass comb with extensions, brass binding around the base and five pointed star side buttons are all excellent and soundly affixed. The oval brass front plate is of the pattern prescribed (in pewter) for regular army US dragoons in 1814. Produced for use by militia units in various forms including clipped corner and cross belt plates, it is certainly the most sought after form of dragoon insignia by collectors today. The helmet retains much of the original horsehair which is draped from the comb, although clearly reglued. Also retains what appears to be the original 5½" wool pom-pom, white tipped with red with 5½" horn shaft. The pom-pom attaches to a leather socket on the side of the helmet. Inside the helmet retains a portion of the original maker's label from C. S. Storms, as well as an ink label with the owner's ID. A rare piece of American mounted headgear.

Visually Stunning, Historically Important, Civil War Ames M1850 Staff & Field Officer's Sword Presented to Ulysses S. Grant's Vice President, Henry Wilson, as Colonel of the 22nd Massachusetts Volunteers, September 27th, 1861. Accompanied by a number of other interesting pieces associated with Wilson. Henry Wilson was born in 1812 in Farmington, New Hampshire (nee Jeremiah Jones Colbath) and served in the State Legislature from 1841 to 1852. He was elected to the United States Senate in 1855 and served until 1873 when he resigned to accept the role of vice president of the United States under Grant. Throughout his career Wilson devoted his energies to the destruction of, what he referred to as, "slavocracy", the conspiracy of slave owners to seize control of the Federal government. In 1861, Wilson raised and commanded the 22nd regiment of Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, the role for which he was presented with this sword.

It is absolutely exquisite quality and superb condition. A regulation M1850 staff and field officer's sword, that bears the logo of the Ames Sword Co. on both the blade and the reverse of the brass scabbard. The 32" blade is near mint, exhibiting 98% of the original brilliant luster. Beautifully etched, with hand engraved details, for 2/3 of its length, incorporating a spread wing eagle, US, stands and panoplies of arms and trophies and extensive, intricate, floral and scroll work. The regulation hilt retains 90% of the original gilt, sharkskin, gilt wire wrapped grip mint. The all brass scabbard is truly exceptional. The inscription, "Col. Henry Wilson/ 22nd Reg. M. V./ From the/ Inspectors of the Boston Customs House/ Sept. 27th 1861" is engraved between the ring mounts. The ring mounts have acanthus leaf decoration. The carrying rings are brass. The engraved details on the scabbard are as extensive as any we've previously observed on a Civil War period Ames. Extensive, deep, hand engraved scrollwork radiates from both of the ring mounts, forming the panel for the inscription. The portion of the scabbard between the lower ring mount and the drag displays an engraved panel with a drum, knapsack, American shield, and crossed American flags surmounted by a liberty cap on a pole. The lower portion with extravagant floral and scrollwork. The bottom of the scabbard, encompassing the drag, exhibits additional elegant panel with scroll and geometric designs. The scabbard is about mint, just showing the slightest wear to the gilt on the ring mounts. Overall a truly spectacular sword in wonderful condition, presented to one of the more important American historical figures of the mid 19th century.

The sword is sold with: a brass and enamel badge from the Wilson Regiment, 2nd Sharp Shooters, 3rd Battalion, 22nd Massachusetts Infantry framed with a franked envelope signed "H. Wilson", 12.5" x 14.5" overall; an engraving of Wilson in military uniform in oval frame, 9" x 10.75"; an engraving of Wilson as a member of President Andrew Johnson's cabinet; a Carte de Visite of Wilson by W. Snell, 2.5" x 4"; a copy of The Life and Public Services of Hon. Henry Wilson by Thomas Russell (Boston: B. B. Russell, 1872); a copy of Henry Wilson's Regiment. History of the Twenty-Second Massachusetts Infantry, the Second Company Sharpshooters, and the Third Light Battery in the War of the Rebellion by John L. Parker (Boston: Regimental Association, 1887), ex-lib; and, a "Henry Wilson" cigar label and cigar ring, framed 9.75" x 8".

Scarce Civil War Tiffany and Company New York British Pattern 1821 Iron Hilted Cavalry Saber. Although little is known with respect to the issuance and usage of the unwieldy sabers, it is generally assumed that they were issued early in the war and subsequently replaced when lighter M1860 swords became available. This is a nice example. Blade smooth and gray, just some minor scattered staining which would clean nicely, marked on the reverse ricasso, "Tiffany & Co." Iron hilt dark, totally untouched, just some light scattered pitting, architecturally perfect. Grip retains most of the original leather, triple strand brass wire wrap excellent. Scabbard smooth and dark, again untouched, absolutely no rust or pitting. There are several rather deep dents at the mid point but the sword still fits fine. Certainly the scarcest of the Tiffany Civil War enlisted sabers.

Civil War/ Mexican War Ames M1832 Foot Artillery Sword and Scabbard. Based on a French pattern and issued to dismounted artillerymen to defend themselves in hand-to-hand combat, these clumsy Roman pattern swords, although produced in substantial quantities, were renowned for the ineffectiveness in the grip of personal combat. Ironically, the Confederacy, despite their shortage of materials--most notably brass--chose to produce substantial quantities of their own version of this anachronistic weapon. This is a very nice example, the blade bright and clean with just some scattered very light salt-and-peppering. Correct Ames/Springfield markings and date 184(?) somewhat weak but obviously struck this way. The brass hilt is about perfect with nice untouched patina and a set of initials scratched on the obverse of the guard. The brass-mounted leather scabbard is very good with some cracking to the finish but minimal flaking. Both original mounts including the frog stud at throat also untouched and near perfect, just missing one of the four rivets on the bottom mount. A fine example of this 'working' sword that saw combat in the hands of American troops through both the Mexican and Civil Wars.

Nice Group of Three Civil War Swords, consisting of:
M1840 Musician's Sword by Roby, dated 1863. Blade clean with just some staining toward the tip. Nice crisp markings and date. Quillon slightly bent, otherwise the hilt is excellent. Original leather scabbard with brass mounts with frog stud with several weak spots but intact. Mounts with some dents but very good.
M1840 Non-Commissioned Officer's Sword by Ames dated 1862 with excellent marks. Blade clean and bright, just a few minor stains, absolutely no rust or pitting, retaining the original leather washer. Hilt excellent with good inspector's marks, front lobe just slightly bent, typical of these swords. Brass mounted leather scabbard would be perfect but for a clean break at the mid point. Brass mounts with frog stud near mint, just a couple of tiny dents.
M1840 Non-Commissioned Officer's Sword, this second example with the brass mounted iron scabbard. Blade near mint, just a few minor stains near the tip, retaining the original leather washer. Markings weak with partial date 18( ) visible and inspector's mark F. S. ( ). Brass hilt about perfect, marked with a couple of two digit numbers. Brass mounts with frog stud very good, just some dents on the lower mount which exhibits nice inspector's marks. Iron scabbard about mint retaining most of the original lacquer brown finish.

Civil War Presentation M1840 Medical Staff Officer's Sword in Superb Condition. Inscribed on the back of the scabbard between the mounts "Presented/ To/ M. F. Linquist M. D./ by his personal friends/ as a token of regard/ Sept 8th 1861/ Committee/ R. S. Dunham/ G. W. Dunham/ J. H. Embree/ S. S. Wandell/ E. C. Serviss/ N. O. Benjamin". Unusual inscription executed in several different fonts. This was Dr. Martin F. Linquist of New York City who apparently served as a contract surgeon to the US Army during the war. Beautiful sword and regulation in every detail. One of the most remarkably detailed blade etches we've ever encountered. All executed on a frosted background with the obverse showing laurel leaves and berries, a central panel, "United States Medical Staff" in script surrounded by rays and leaf and floral motifs. The reverse utilizes oak leaves and acorns, a central panel with tucked wing eagle and riband and the same floral and leaf panel as the obverse. All etching highlighted with exquisite hand engraved details. The blade is near mint retaining most of the original luster, just some small patches of salt and peppering near the base of the obverse. There is no maker's mark. Hilt with integrally cast MS, perfect. Brass scabbard and mounts, of regulation form, also about perfect The sword is accompanied by detailed genealogical information on Linquist.. A great inscribed Civil War medical sword.

Magnificent Tiffany & Co. New York Non-regulation Civil War Staff Officer's Mounted Staff Officer's Sword. Basically patterned after the British household cavalry swords of the Victorian period, Tiffany produced a small number of these swords for their most important and well-heeled customers. The 35¾" slightly curved blade is as spectacular as any ever mounted on a Civil War sword. In absolutely mint condition, it is decorated for 2/3 of its length with engraved designs highlighted with brilliant gilt, all of which are presented on a gorgeous fire blue background. The central gilt decoration on the obverse includes an American shield surmounting a script US, all surrounded by rays, with additional decoration of scroll work, classical and military motifs and an oval riband on the ricasso, "Warranted To Cut Wrought Iron". The reverse of the blade features a spread wing eagle, flanked by rays, with military trophies as well as foliate designs and scroll work. A gilt panel on the ricasso bears the logo, "Tiffany & Co./New York." The massive nickled steel hilt incorporates a full basket guard with multiple piercings, delineating scroll work. The face of the guard is profusely hand engraved highlighting the scrolls. The bird head pommel is also extensively engraved and utilizes a capstan. The spiral fishskin grip is wrapped spring like wire flanked by twisted wire, all in silver. The entire hilt is in perfect condition. The heavy nickled steel scabbard has two carrying rings and a decoratively cut drag. The wide tiered throat is held in place with two screws. The entire sword is completely untouched and covered with an old coat of dried grease (actually possibly nicotine) and some speckled staining, all of which would nicely with basically a mint sword underneath. Extremely rare form and the finest of quality in superb untouched condition. A great Civil War sword.

Heavily Used Regulation M1860 Civil War Staff and Field Officer's Sword with Legend Engraved on the Folding Counter Guard, "I Carried This Sword Through The/ Civil, Indian & Spanish American Wars/ Presented To Col. Henry H. Adams/ As a Mark Of My Esteem/ Nelson A. Miles Comm'd Of The Army/ January 6th 1900" Few American swords in existence have borne witness to more of the tragedy and triumph of American military history over a 40 year period, than this example. Nelson Appleton Miles was commissioned a lieutenant in the 22d Massachusetts Infantry on September 9, 1861, doubtless when he acquired this sword. He was commissioned colonel of the 61st new York on September 30, 1862, having seen fierce action on the peninsula and at Antietam. Brevetted brigadier general for his gallantry at Chancellorsville, and major general on 25 August 1864 for his service at the Wilderness, Spotsylvania and ream's Station. Miles was wounded four times during the Civil War and awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions at Chancellorsville, all with this sword by his side. On 28 July 1866 Miles was appointed colonel of the 40th US Infantry in the regular army, transferring to the 5th infantry in 1869. He subdued the Cheyenne, Kiowa and Comanches on the plains and led the campaign against Sitting Bull and the Sioux after the Custer massacre in 1876. Miles is further credited with the subjugation of Chief Joseph and the Nez Perce and the capture of Geronimo, all with this sword by his side. He was named commanding general of the United States Army in 1895, ably leading American forces to victory in the Spanish American War, finally retiring in 1903.

The sword is a classic M1860 Civil War period staff and field, the diamond shaped blade etched for half its length with leaves, arms panoplies and a spread wing eagle and block US. Blade excellent, clean and gray with just some minor staining, totally untouched. The exterior of the sword, while clearly showing use, is also completely untouched with dark smooth patina overall, including the folding counter guard which bears the inscription. The release/locking button is missing. The entire sword exhibits absolutely no dents, rust or pitting. Col. Henry Herschel Adams was nominated for the Medal of Honor for his conspicuous gallantry at Chickamauga by General O. O. Howard. He returned to civilian life after the war a via a successful business career became one of the richest men in American by the end of the 19th century. Adams was the commander of Miles' GAR post and, at his own expense, raised a brigade of infantry for service under Miles in the Spanish American War. Clearly Adams was the perfect candidate to become the caretaker of this most important memento of Miles' incredible military career. The sword is accompanied by an extensive file of records, newspaper accounts etc. for both Miles and Adams. A remarkable American historic sword, having seen some of the most ferocious fighting of the Civil War, the blood and tragedy of the Indian Wars and the consummate triumph of the forces under Miles' command in the Spanish American War. Truly a rare opportunity.

Civil War M1840 Artillery Officer's Saber. Generically among the rarest of all US officers' swords, this example bears the logo of Horstmann & Sons Philadelphia on the obverse ricasso, and the king's head proof on the reverse. The back of the curved 31½" un-etched blade is engraved in script "Iron Proof". Brass hilt displays deeply cast leaf decoration in the center of the knuckle bow and a cast floral motif on the disc quillon. The face of the high domed pommel cap is decorated with acanthus leaves. Leather wrapped grip about perfect, wire missing. The sword is overall untouched w/dark patina on the brass. The blade is generally smooth and gray but displays a number of areas of erosion (actually appears to be "blood rust"). Crisp markings. The underside of the guard is recessed to accept the scabbard. The steel scabbard is generally smooth, again with untouched patina. A couple of dents within 8" of the drag, but overall excellent. The scabbard does utilize a throat which fits neatly into the recess on the underside of the guard. Retains the original leather washer. Nice representative example of this rare Civil War officer's saber.

Very Nice Civil War Regulation M1840 Medical Staff Officer's Sword. 30" double edged blade, elliptical in cross section, 1 3/8" wide at the ricasso, with single narrow fuller. Etched for 3/4 of its length with acorns and oak leaves with "Medical Department" central panel on the obverse and a "great seal" American eagle on the reverse. Regulation form in every detail with the "MS" on the counterguard integrally cast. The blade is clean and gray with nice etching and absolutely no rust or pitting. Classic brass scabbard with oak leaves and eight pointed stars on the brass mounts. Two brass carrying rings at the throat and one on the middle mount. The bottom mount has a number of small shallow dents, really very minor. All brass with an old laquer finish that would clean nicely. The blade does not bear a maker's mark. Very nice representative example of this scarce regulation Civil war Civil War sword carried by all medical/surgical officers.

Very Fine Civil War Iron Hilt Tiffany & Co. New York M1840 Heavy Cavalry Saber and Scabbard. The 35¾" curved blade is near mint and marked "Tiffany & Co./ New York" on the obverse ricasso with "P. D. L." (P. D. Luneschloss) on the reverse. The distinctive iron hilt is excellent with just some scattered staining and a few very minor patches of salt-and-pepper pitting. The grip retains 80% of the original leather with wear on the high points from honest use. The twisted brass wire wrap is tight and intact. The heavy iron scabbard is also near mint with just some scattered staining, absolutely no dents, rust or pitting. Really a choice example of this desirable Civil War saber.

"Fitch & Waldo/ New York" is the Etched Panel on the Obverse Ricasso of this Non-Regulation Civil War Union Staff Officer's Sword. Certainly among the rarest of all the Civil War period military outfitters, Fitch & Waldo commenced operations, under that name, in January of 1863, and the firm name changed in 1865, clearly delineating the period in which this sword was produced. The 32 3/8" slightly curved blade incorporates a small brass disc with "Proved" inlaid in the center of the Fitch & Waldo logo. The reverse ricasso displays the standing knight logo of the blade maker, "W. Clauberg/ Solingen". Also marked on the back of the blade in an etched panel, "Iron Proof". The central panel on the obverse of the etched blade is a finely detailed spread winged eagle, surrounded by rays, enclosed on both sides with floral and scroll motifs. The central panel on the reverse of the blade is a large US decorated with intertwined vines, enclosed in similar floral/scroll work. The steel guard incorporates a large pierced spread-wing eagle with hand engraved details. The multi-branch knuckle bow incorporates a slot for the sword knot. Tiered pommel with a knurled section for the thumb on the backstrap. Sharkskin covered grip, wrapped with spring like copper wire flanked by single strand copper wire. The sword overall is smooth and gray with just a touch of scattered surface rust on the blade, really very nice. There is no scabbard. An attractive Civil War sword by a very rare military outfitter.

Silver Gripped High Grade M1850 Staff and Field Officer's Sword by Tiffany & Co. of New York with an Inscription Between the Mounts on the Scabbard, "To/ Col. A. Niederweiser/ 6th Regt. E.[nrolled] M.[issouri] M.[ilitia]/ from/ Seymour Voullaire/ as A Token Of His Friendship and Appreciation Of His Patriot[ism]/ St. Louis May 23d 1864" Niederweiser initially entered service as captain of Co. "C" of the 3d Missouri for 100 days service commencing on May 8, 1861., subsequently serving as colonel of the 6th Enrolled Missouri Militia in 1863 and 1864. Interestingly Niederweiser's pension records state that he was injured while personally removing the Confederate flag and hoisting the United States flag over the court house in Fulton, Missouri upon its capture. Complete military and pension records, of course, accompany the sword

The 32" blade is etched for 2/3 of its length in a classic Tiffany pattern, with leaves and berries, panoply of flags and crossed cannon and an American shield amidst scroll work and oak leaves on the obverse, with oak leaf and scroll work designs and a central panel with large block "US" and "Tiffany/ & Co./ New York" just above the ricasso on the reverse. The blade is smooth and gray with just some very minor patches of staining and some salt and peppering near the tip. All etching is highlighted with finely engraved detailed. The regulation style hilt includes a silver grip with twisted brass wire. There is a small brass pip affixed at the center of the decoration on the face of the pommel cap. A small brass cap is apparently missing from the top of the pommel with the tang of the blade now exposed. Scattered dark patina, quillon slightly bent.

The German silver scabbard utilizes brass mounts which are heavily and exquisitely engraved in a typical Tiffany pattern, covered on both sides with scroll/fan like designs with an eagle and shield on the upper section of the top mount, intertwined US on the obverse of the middle mount with American shield and stars on the reverse. Heavy ring mounts with acanthus leaves and ribbons, the drag displays a large US in an acanthus leaf wreath with ribbons at the top, brass throat. "The Tiffany & Co./ M" logo on a riband on the back of the top mount. Mounts perfect with scattered dark patina. The scabbard exhibits a few noteworthy dents on the lower third on both sides. An impressive Civil War presentation sword , rare and desirable from the state of Missouri.

Civil War US M1850 Foot Officer's Sword from an Unlisted Nashville, Tennessee Military Outfitter. Very slightly curved 32" blade etched for ½ its length with a previously unencountered pattern Obverse with scroll work flanking a panoply of arms, American flag and American shield with "N. Derby/ Nashville/ Tenn. Etched on the ricasso. Reverse with large block US flanked by scroll and floral work with W. Clauberg Solingen standing knight proof. Iron proof etched on the back of the blade. Blade generally smooth and gray, absolutely no rust or pitting. All brass regulation style hilt with nice dark patina, fine condition but with an old glue repair where the guard enters the pommel cap. Appears to simply be a crude attempt to tight the sword and easily neatened up. Quillon slightly bent. Wooden grip very good but no wrap remains. Iron scabbard with brass mounts and throat, iron carrying rings. Scattered light pitting but absolutely no dents, overall very good. Certainly an extremely rare maker and the first example we've encountered.

Unusual Ames Civil War Regulation M1850 Staff and Field Officer's Sword identified to Major Henry A. Bostwick, 12th New York State Militia. The unusual feature of the sword being its diminutive size, only 35½"overall with a 28-inch blade. Careful examination establishes that it was clearly manufactured in this length and has not been altered. The sword overall is near mint. Blade etched for 2/3 of its length with eagle, panoply of arms, floral and scroll work with Ames logo just above the ricasso, on the obverse, similar motifs with large block US on the reverse. Blade exhibits just the slightest wear retaining most of the original luster. Brass hilt excellent - perfect retaining much of the original gilt under an old lacquer finish. Fishskin grip and triple brass wire wrap mint. The scabbard retains 90% of the original lacquer brown finish, the balance a smooth dark patina, absolutely no rust or pitting. Brass mounts also near mint retaining much of the original gilt under the same old lacquer finish, just a few tiny shallow dents, really negligible. Ring mounts decorated with detailed acanthus leaves, brass carrying rings. The 12th NYSM was mustered into service at New York City on June 11, 1861 to serve three months. The regiment embarked for the Shenandoah Valley and was engaged at Martinsburg July 12. On August 5, 1861 the unit was mustered out of service, apparently making the end of Bostwick's military career. The sword is accompanied by a letter detailing the purchase of the sword from Bostwick's direct lineal descendant. A fascinating Civil War sword in superb condition.

Civil War M1850 Foot Officer's Sword and Scabbard by Horstmann & Sons, Philadelphia. The 30 5/8" slightly curved blade is in superb condition, near mint, and etched for two-thirds of its length. The obverse is decorated with floral and scroll motifs, panoplies of arms and flags, with the Horstmann logo at the base. The central panel displays a large spread-wing eagle surmounted by motto. The reverse bears similar scroll work and arms panoplies with a large US in the center. The all-brass regulation style hilt is untouched with a chocolate brown patina. The sharkskin grip, with twisted brass wire wrap about perfect. Brass mounted iron scabbard, the throat edged with a flame like motif, and the ring mounts decorated with tightly cut diagonal lines. The carrying rings are also brass. The heavy brass drag is deeply cast with scroll motifs and arms panoplies. The scabbard has no dents but exhibits light to moderate pitting, again totally untouched. A nice regulation Civil War Union foot officer's sword with a magnificent blade.

Group of Three Swords Belonging to Lieutenant Mills C. Clark, Company "I" 93rd Illinois Infantry, including a high grade M1850 foot officer's sword inscribed in an engraved shield set diagonally on the scabbard throat, "Lieut M. C. Clark/ Presented by his/ Brother C. B. Clark." Mills C. Clark enrolled in the 93d Illinois on August 2, 1862 and was promoted to 2d lieutenant on September 9, most likely the point at which he was presented with this sword. He was wounded at Champion Hill, Mississippi May 16, 1863 and promoted to captain June 29, 1863. He was subsequently discharged on 15 August 1863 as the result of his wound, having been shot through the abdomen. The swords are of course accompanied by Clark's complete military and pension records. 30¼" blade etched for 2/3 of its length with scroll work, arms panoplies and spread wing eagle with riband and motto on the obverse. Scroll work, arms panoplies American flag and block US on the reverse. "Iron Proof" etched on the back of the blade. Blade excellent retaining much original luster, just a couple of very small patches of very light pitting near the tipo, minor, also retains the original leather washer. The regulation brass hilt retains much of the original gilt and displays hand engraved embellishment at the quillon and where the guard enters the pommel cap. Fishskin grip shows some honest wear but excellent with fine triple brass wire wrap. Brass mounted leather scabbard excellent, some minor crackling to the finish but very sound and absolutely no flaking. The engraved brass mounts are exceptional. The upper mount features the presentation shield which is surrounded with floral work, the lower section decorated with scroll work. The middle mount displays a diagonal American shield surrounded with floral work and both ring mounts are decorated with stars. The lower mount is engraved with scroll work on the lower section and a sun with rays rising from behind an American shield on the upper section, most unusual. A couple of minor dents on the lower mount, otherwise mounts perfect with nice dark untouched patina and traces of gilt.

Accompanied by a mint condition Civil War, or immediately thereafter, regulation M1860 Staff & Field officer's sword. Absolutely as new with 100% original gilt, none finer. Blade diamond shaped in cross section and beautifully etched on a frosted background with spread wing eagle, scroll work and US. Logo in the etch, just above the ricasso on the reverse, "A. W. Simmons/ & Co./ Boston/ Mass. Fishskin grip with twisted brass wire wrap mint. Folding counter guard with lion face on the quillon. A beautiful sword. Although not named acquired with the presentation and unquestionably the property of Clark.

Also included is a high grade Masonic sword C. 1870. Silvered brass scabbard profusely engraved with scroll motifs. Plumed helmet pommel and engraved on the back of the scabbard between the top mount and the throat "M. C. Clark". Blade elliptical in cross section with a single narrow fuller, beautifully etched and engraved for 2/3 of its length. The reverse ricasso bears the logo of "H. P Caperey/ Chicago, Ill". This sword, overall, about as fine an example as we've seen. A very nice group with the two additional swords serving as a noteworthy adjunct the Civil War foot officer's sword.

Near Mint Civil War M1850 Foot Officer's Sword and Scabbard by Ames. Really an outstanding specimen. The 30¼" blade, etched on a frosted background for 2/3 of its length is, with the exception of a few small, really negligible stains, mint. Regulation brass hilt retains about 70% of the original gold wash, fishsking grip with twisted brass wire wrap perfect. Inexplicably the quillon is slightly bent, but easily straightened. Somewhat unusual blade etch with spread wing eagle between scrollwork panels on the obverse and a large "US" flanked by similar panels on the reverse with Ames log etched just above the ricasso. Retains the original white buff leather washer. The brass scabbard mounts retain about 90% of the original gilt with Ames logo on the back of the throat. Leather scabbard excellent, just some minor scattered flasking/crackling to the finish (about 20%), very sound. Really pretty foot officer's by the period's most desirable sword manufacturer.

Very Nice Civil War M1850 Foot Officer's Sword by Horstmann & Sons Philadelphia. 30" slightly curved blade etched for 2/3 of its length. Scroll work and leaf decoration, riband with "UNION", crossed flags and spread wing eagle on the obverse with Horstmann logo die stamped on the ricasso. Reverse with scroll and floral motifs, military trophies, hand engraved date 1862 and large old English US. King's head proof on the ricasso. Blade smooth and gray, no rust or pitting. All brass regulation hilt about perfect, displaying excellent workmanship and retaining traces of the original gilt. Twisted brass wire wrap and leather grip mint. Brass mounted leather scabbard also about perfect w/incised line decoration, just one minor wrinkle 6" above the lower mount, really negligible. A very nice Civil War foot officer's in exceptional condition.

High Grade Regulation Civil War M1850 Foot Officer's Sword with German Silver Scabbard and Gilt Etched Blade. Slightly curved 30" blade about mint. 7¼" central gilt panel on the obverse with spread wing eagle and motto. 3" gilt panel just above the ricasso with intricate scroll work. Reverse with a central gilt panel with large US and identical to the obverse above the ricasso. Reverse ricasso marked P. D. L. in a cartouche. The regulation brass hilt is untouched with nice dark patina, perfect. Fishskin grip with triple brass wire wrap also mint. German silver scabbard with brass throat and decoratively cut iron drag. One dent on the face between the ring mounts, otherwise excellent. A very attractive and unusual Civil War foot officer's sword.

Superb Condition Schuyler Hartley & Graham New York Civil War Regulation M1850 Foot Officer's Sword. Generally accepted as among the finest and most desirable of Civil War military outfitters, this sword exemplifies the outstanding workmanship that characterized the products of this firm. The 32 3/8" slightly curved blade is about mint, just a couple of tiny stains, really negligible, exhibiting 98% of the bright luster. Etched for 2/3 of its length on a frosted background with liberty cap surrounded by rays, a tucked wing American eagle w/riband, and crossed flags over the legend "Stand By/The Union" interspersed with scroll and leaf motifs on both sides of the blade. The SH & G logo is etched on the reverse side of the ricasso. The untouched regulation brass hilt retains much of the original gilt under layers of grime (actually appears to be nicotine), about perfect, quillon just slightly bent. Fishskin grip with triple brass wire wrap, perfect. Steel scabbard with brass mounts and throat retains much of the original acid brown finish, mixing with a plum brown patina, also about perfect. A really beautiful Civil War staff and field officer's sword, in exceptional untouched condition by a most desirable maker.

Very Fine Ames Regulation U.S. M1850 Foot Officer's Sword Inscribed on the Face of the Top Mount, "Presented To / Capt. Alex Mc Leod/ from Conte of 16th Ward/ Through Judge W. H. Bull/ New York July 3, 1863." Mc Leod mustered in on that date as captain of Company "F" of the 84th New York State Militia for a period of 30 days in response to Lee's invasion of Pennsylvania. The unit mustered out on August 4, 1863. During their period of service the regiment the regiment served in the defenses of Baltimore, Maryland. He again served in the 84th from July 13 to October 31 1864, during which time the regiment manned the defenses of Washington and was engaged in a skirmish at Muddy Bank, Maryland on September 29, 1864.

The 30¼" blade is etched for 2/3 of its length in typical Ames fashion with floral and scroll work, arms panoplies and spread wing eagle with riband on the obverse with Ames logo just above the ricasso, and script "US" on the reverse. Blade about mint, just some scattered minor stains, retaining much of the original luster. All brass hilt perfect with nice dark untouched patina and much original gilt, the quillon being slightly bent. Fishskin grip with twisted brass wire about perfect. Brass mounted leather scabbard excellent, just a few finish cracks, weak but intact at the bottom mount. Mounts excellent showing honest wear including the drag clearly showing the sword was carried. A very attractive Civil War presentation sword and especially desirable by Ames.

Civil War M1850 U.S. Staff And Field Officer's Saber, Magnificent For Both Condition and Quality. 32" deeply curved blade actually more reminiscent of a cavalry saber, which indeed this may have been, than a standard staff and field. Really a beautiful sword and a rare variant with this distinctively curved blade.

The sword of Colonel John E. Tourtellotte who was the chief of General Sherman's staff. After the battle at Altoona, Colonel Tourtellotte was given the brevet of brigadier general. Colonel Tourtellotte is buried in Arlington National Cemetery.

Condition: Exquisite blade etch with gray background and hand engraved details. Obverse with spread wing eagle with motto, liberty cap, American flag, and shield and floral/ scroll motifs. Reverse with old English "US", stands of flags and floral/ scroll work. Blade overall about mint, just some minor staining near the tip. The tip is slightly bent, very minor and easily repaired if one so chooses. Overall the effect of this blade is stunning. Exceptional quality workmanship on the brass hilt with seraphed pierced US in the basket, retaining 95% of the original gilt. Sharkskin covered grip with twisted brass wire also about mint. Original leather washer. Ring mounts with geometric and oak leaf decoration, brass carrying rings. The bottom mount obviously took a hard hit at some point and is slightly bent, precisely matching the bend at the end of the blade, graphically testifying that the sword and scabbard have always been together.

Fine Civil War Period Ames M1852 US Naval Officer's Sword and Scabbard. The 28½" blade is etched for two-thirds of its length with panoply of arms, ring of stars, anchor and shield, and the Ames logo surmounted by scrollwork on the obverse. The reverse displays oak leaves with acorns intertwined with rope, USN in a riband, a fouled anchor and a tucked-wing eagle with rays perched ion a naval cannon. The excellent blade is clean and bright with just one small patch of light pitting and a few stains, with the original buff leather washer. The brass hilt retains 95% of the original gold wash and what appears to be a correct, period, gold bullion sword knot. The sharkskin grip and wire wrap are excellent with just a small opening at the seam of the sharkskin on the back of the grip as the result of shrinkage. The original leather scabbard has some crackling to the finish with minor flaking. There is a 4" section on the back seam where the stitching has popped, but overall very sound. The brass throat and middle mounts, with rope ring mounts retain about 70% of the original gilt, the carrying rings are brass. The lower mount is a correct period replacement with a number of small dents. Looks fine and fits perfectly. A nice example of this attractive Civil War officer's sword.

Historical Inscribed U.S. Navy Model 1860 Cutlass and Sheath. This standard issue cutlass obviously has seen genuine service, and has a great historical significance and direct relationship with one of the most important and famous U.S. Naval officers, vessels, and naval battles of the Civil War. The cutlass displays normal aging, wear and use. The blade is dark and untouched, with just some minor scattered light pitting. There is a mellow age patina to the all-brass, cup hilt. The leather grips are entirely intact, showing normal wear, and are excellent, lacks only a twisted brass wire wrap. Magnificently and professionally engraved in the most handsome bold script style, almost filling the entire brass cup guard in 12 large, prominent lines is the legend:

Cutlass of the Hartford / Admiral Farragut's Flagship...Steamer 2900 Tons...Carrying 18-9 [inch] guns...1-30 Pounder...3-12 Pounders...This was used in the Battle of Mobile Bay...When Farragut was lashed to the Main Shoards...and made the memorable remark...When told the Bay was full of torpedoes...Dam the Torpedoes...Full Speed Ahead.

Engraving is absolutely authentic and original to the era of the cutlass and its Civil War use and it is in absolutely untouched condition. Original leather scabbard with just the extreme tip end (about an inch-and-a-half) that is bent over and partially through, but still intact and attached to this sheath. The leather itself showing it age, but is extremely sound; retaining the brass frog stud.

This historic inscribed cutlass was also originally owned and included in the famous American sword collection of the late Philip Medicus, formed by him circa 1930s to late 1940s, and eventually sold by his estate following his death in the 1940s (see brief history of that collection as related with the presentation General Reynolds sword also offered in this catalog). Further proof of the background and pedigree of this history inscribed cutlass is to be found in the book American Swords from the Philip Medicus Collection by S.C. Mowbray; 1998, where this exact inscribed "Battle of Mobile Bay" cutlass is illustrated in close-up detail on page 25 (photostats accompany the sword). Doubtless the most important and historic Civil War Navy Cutlass known.

Very Fine Civil War M1860 Naval Cutlass with the Original Copper Riveted Scabbard. Blade smooth and light gray, just a hint of sharpening toward the tip. Markings typically light with 186( ) on the obverse and full Ames logo in scroll on the reverse. Retains the original buff leather washer. Brass hilt and lather wrapped grip perfect, absolutely no dents or cracks, the grip shows signs of having been wrapped with twisted wire. Copper riveted scabbard with brass frog stud excellent, just one weak flaked area about 12" from the tip but quite sound. Balance of the finish on the scabbard very fine, just missing the bottom 1" of the scabbard at the tip. Really an exceptional example.

Civil War US M1860 Naval Cutlass and Scabbard by Ames. Certainly one of the most attractive and romantic of the Civil War enlisted swords, this example retains its scarce original riveted leather scabbard. The blade is bright and clean, very nice, with just one small area of staining and salt-and-pepper pitting within 6" of the tip. Correct Ames Chicopee marks and date 186(?), rather weak but obviously struck this way, which is often encountered on these cutlasses. The all-brass cup hilt has a number of shallow dents and a few minor edge nicks, with a wonderful untouched dark patina. The guard bears rack numbers at the quillon. The leather-wrapped grip is perfect and bears the impression of twisted wire wrap, although it is generally accepted that these swords saw service with the wire removed. The original leather scabbard is back-seamed with brass rivets and retains the original brass top mount with frog stud and brass drag, both of which are affixed to the scabbard with rivets. The scabbard shows considerable cracking to the finish and some flaking. There is one noteworthy crack just below the top mount but quite sound and as previously noted very scarce. A fine example of this very desirable Civil War sword.

Most Unusual All German Silver Non-regulation Civil War Staff Officer's Sword. Obviously originally designated for presentation with four small holes drilled partway through the scabbard for the attachment of a plaque. Scabbard, mounts, hilt entirely of German silver. Slightly curved 34 5/8" blade etched for 2/3 of its length on a frosted background with highly detailed/intricate scroll work and floral motifs, eagle, motto and American shield with logo of W. H. Horstmann & Sons Philadelphia, just above the ricasso with large US, American flag, trophies and scroll/floral work on the reverse. King's head proof on the obverse ricasso with "Iron Proof" etched on the back of the blade. Beautiful blade, just a couple of tiny stains, otherwise absolutely mint. The hilt incorporates a large US soldered into place between the branches. The hilt overall highlighted with engraved line decoration. Fishskin grip with triple brass wire wrap mint. Scabbard also about mint. All German silver with a nice light patina. A very unusual Civil War sword, unique in our experience, in exceptional condition.

Fine Quality and Condition Civil War Non-regulation Staff and Field Officer's Sword. 30¼" slightly curved blade etched for 2/3 of its length. Scroll work, geometric designs, military trophies, with spread win eagle in the central panel on the obverse, which also has a small brass disc inlaid on the ricasso, "Proved". Similar motifs and central panel with large script US on the reverse. Blade is smooth and bright, no rust or pitting, etching a bit light. The all brass hilt displays a spread wing eagle with riband and stars in the basket of the multi branch guard. Line engraving highlights the edges of the branches. The knucklebow displays acanthus leaf decoration where it enters the pommel cap. The pommel cap itself is decorated with oak leaves on the face and scroll work engraving on the top edges. The quillon also bears deep floral engraving. The steel scabbard retains much of the original blued finish, the balance a dark smooth patina. Brass throat, ring mounts and decorative drag, carrying rings also of brass. Just one small shallow dent near the drag, otherwise about perfect. A very fine example of this non regulation form that was very popular with Federal officers during the war.

Scarce US M1860 Light Cavalry Saber by Ames Dated 1859. Blade smooth and clean, just one tiny nick and absolutely no rust or pitting. Marked "US/ JH/ 1859 on the obverse ricasso, with early shaded Ames logo on the reverse. Hilt with nice light patina, perfect. Interestingly there are five notches neatly cut where the guard enters the pommel, significance unknown. Leather grip with twisted brass wire wrap very good, just some leather worn through on some of the high spots, obviously from honest use, no chipping or flaking. Scabbard with some wear to the finish and staining but no rust, pitting or dents. Choice example of this scarce pre-war cavalry saber, a number of which are known to have been shipped to the state of Virginia.

Without a Doubt, the Rarest of the M1860 Light Cavalry Sabers are those Marked "J. B. A." With the maker remaining unknown there are less than ten specimens extant. Quintessentially a M1860 in virtually every detail, but displaying the block letters "J. B. A." on the reverse ricasso. This particular example is also marked with a letter "W" on the obverse ricasso and the letters "ASM" on the top of the pommel. Entire sword completely "in the black," untouched. Entire scabbard black and covered with light pitting. Brass hilt hilt about perfect, also deep dark patina. The leather grip is excellent/perfect, there is no wire. Blade is excellent, light gray with just some scattered salt and peppering. A completely untouched example of this exceedingly rare Civil War saber.

Very Fine Civil War Period M1860 Cavalry Officer's Saber by "W. H. Horstmann & Sons/ Philadelphia" The 31¾" blade, etched for 2/3 of its length, is near mint, just some minor staining/slat and peppering, retaining most of the original mint luster. Deep profuse etched designs on a frosted background include scroll work, panoplies of arms etc. with Horstmann on the obverse just above the ricasso. Obverse ricasso marked with king's head proof. Gilt brass hilt is about perfect with acanthus leaf decoration on both sides where the branches enter the guard and on the face of the pommel cap. Fishskin grip and triple strand brass wire wrap also about perfect. Steel scabbard with decoratively cut drag, also untouched with deep dark patina, just a couple of minor shallow dents, very nice. Choice example of this scarce and desirable Federal officer's saber.

Anomalous Undated US M1860 Light Cavalry Saber by Ames. Obverse ricasso with "US/ADK, reverse with early shaded Ames logo with no date on either ricasso, most likely a very early example. Blade smooth and light gray, very nice, just a few tiny scattered nicks. Brass hilt excellent with dark untouched patina. Grips retains only vestiges of the original leather, twisted brass wire wrap about perfect. Scabbard with smooth dark patina, also about perfect. A very nice and very intriguing example.

Presentation Grade Civil War Staff and Field Officer's Sword, Collins & Co. 1862. 31" blade etched for 2/3 of its length with vine like scroll motifs and spread wing eagle on the obverse and similar motifs with a large US on the reverse. Nicely marked on the reverse ricasso, "Collins & Co./ Hartford/ Conn/ 1862". Blade is generally smooth and gray with just some minor staining/slat and peppering. The regulation brass hilt is superbly cast and finished, highlighted with hand engraved details. The face of the pommel cap is decorated with an oak leaf and acorn motif, and the top of the pommel cap is deeply hand engraved with a scroll/scallop motif. The cast brass grip is decorated overall with deeply cut geometric motifs and utilizes a triple brass wire wrap. The inside of the guard is also decorated, with highly detailed oak leaves on a stippled background. The large eaglehead quillon has ruby eyes and extends onto the guard with exquisitely delineated feathers, very unusual. The very heavy steel scabbard utilizes brass mounts which are cut with decorative edges and deeply engraved on both sides with scallop/shell motifs, very nice. Even the drag bears hand engraved decoration, brass carrying rings. Scabbard with dark smooth patina, just a few very small patches of light pitting, really very minor. All brass with nice light untouched patina. A very attractive sword by a desirable maker with an early war date.

Near Mint Presentation Non-regulation Civil War Foot Officer's Sword with Very Rare Maker's Mark of "H. Ruddick/ Boston". Inscribed in script on the back of the scabbard throat "Joseph A. Ingalls/8th Mass V. M./Presented by/ Mess. Clogston & Parker/Boston". Ingalls enlisted in the regiment as 1st lieutenant on August 20, 1862 and was commissioned into field and staff of the 8th Mass on November 7, 1862, mustering out August 7, 1863. He was again commissioned into field and staff of the regiment on July 26, 1864 and mustered out on November 10, 1864. Included with the sword are Ingalls' detailed military and census records. The 29¾" slightly curved blade is about mint retaining 100% of the original luster. Etched for 2/3 of its length with a frosted background, the obverse features panels of oak leaves, acorns and flowers at either end with a panoply of arms and flags with a spread wing eagle in the center. The reverse is similar but with an American shield in the arms panoply, an old English US and Ruddick's logo just above the ricasso, retaining the original buff leather washer. The brass guard utilizes a single outward branch and is decorated with cast floral and scroll motifs where the branch joins the guard, where it enters the pommel cap and on the quillon. The face of the pommel cap is decorated with acanthus leaves. Leather grip with twisted brass wrap, perfect. The brass mounted leather scabbard utilizes a throat with scroll engraved frog stud and a 6" lower mount. Overall excellent with just some minor crackling of the finish but absolutely no flaking and very sound. Although the scabbard is perfectly tight much of the stitching on the back seam is popped. An historically interesting Civil War sword in wonderful condition.

M1854 Austrian Lorenz Quadrangular Socket Bayonet and Scabbard. Actually two scabbards, one missing the leather cover and tip on the wooden core, the other scabbard is about mint, just some minor scuffing. Bayonet dark gray with scattered light pitting.

Very Fine Colt M1849 Pocket Model .31 Caliber Percussion Revolver #145467 Matching, Five Shot, Two Line New York Address and Great Stagecoach Scene on Cylinder. 6-inch barrel retains 80% of the original blue. Hammer frame and lever with 60% case colors. The brass straps retain 70% of the original silver and the grips with 80% of the original varnish. Cylinder bright and clean with 100% scene; fantastic stagecoach armed robbery scene depicts coach driver shooting at the armed robbers, he has a gun in his hand as he fires it, hitting one bad man as he falls backwards and the other has been shot laying on ground great Wild West scene. It does have its two original pins. Another sharp, crisp Colt pocket model with desirable 6" barrel.

Exceptional Colt M1849 Pocket Model .31 Caliber Percussion Revolver #148874 Matching, Five Shot, Two Line New York Address. 4" barrel retains 90% of the original bright blue, just a few minor dents by the wedge, frame, lever and hammer with 80% original bright case colors. Cylinder scene 100% with traces of blue and just one very small patch of salt and peppering on the front edge and the face of the chambers. Retains all of the original cylinder pins. Brass straps retain 98% of the original silver, grips with 98% of the original varnish. Sharp markings, mechanically crisp. A most attractive and very desirable Colt pocket model revolver.

Unquestionably the Rarest of the Colt Numbered Model Dragoon Series are those Martially Marked 2d Models Bearing "New Hampshire" on the Side Flat of the Barrel Housing. With but a couple of hundred of these guns believed to have been produced, and but a handful of extant examples in the superb untouched condition of this specimen #10225 matching. All metal smooth and dark gray with traces of blue in protected areas, also some case colors on the lever. Cylinder scene 95% with just a few very minor dents and one small area of salt and peppering. Excellent crisp marks including US on frame, B on trigger guard and back strap and H on the underside of the barrel lug. "New Hampshire" on the left side of the barrel housing as sharp as the day it was struck. Mechanically crisp and tight. The grips are untouched and excellent with fine fully legible inspectors' marks. A truly exceptional example of this very rare Colt dragoon revolver and a rare opportunity for the sophisticated Colt collector.

Walker Replacement Dragoon, Bearing the Moniker "Fluck" Dragoon in Honor of the Collector who First Identified this Distinct Model. Although it was originally believed that only 300 of these guns were produced, it is now generally accepted that approximately 1000 of these guns were assembled and issued as replacements/adjuncts for the original issue of Colt Walkers. As with the Walker, due to their long term of heavy military use, and the fact that they were popular with civilians after their retirement from military service, there are but a handful of surviving specimens, most of them in rather poor condition. This example, #2933 is a classic specimen and in dramatically better condition than those normally encountered. All matching except for the lever/catch/plunger, which appear to be expertly handcrafted restorations, nearly impossible to detect and interestingly bearing a mismatched #227 on both the lever and catch. All numbers on the gun are struck with the very small die as seen on the Walker. Markings excellent although, interestingly, the US on the frame has been purposefully obliterated, possibly implying Confederate use. The wedge screw and one frame screw also appear to be replacements. All metal generally smooth and dark gray, a few small patches of very light pitting and a few scattered dents most notably on the cylinder. Mechanically perfect, excellent bore. The original grips show considerable wear, with rounding at the corners but very sound and no cracks or chips with a nice smooth untouched patina. Brass straps also with nice patina. The trigger guard strap displays the anomaly of a small (1/4") repaired hole on the face of the grip section. Absolutely done during the period of manufacture and use and and doubtless in keeping with the theory that many of these guns incorporated previously rejected parts from the original Walker contract. A very rare and seldom offered Colt revolver.

Very Nice Early Colt M1860 .44 Caliber Percussion Army Revolver #77806 Matching (Late 1862). All metal smooth and gray, untouched, as are the grips which retain excellent inspectors' cartouches. Just a few shallow dings by the wedge and some small patches of very light pitting by the nipples. Excellent, approximately 95%, cylinder scene. Excellent bore, mechanically perfect, all markings deep and crisp. Even retains some hints of case colors on the frame and hammer. A well above average example of this most popular of Civil War cavalry handguns.

Exceptionally Sharp and Crisp Civil War Colt M1860 .44 Caliber Percussion Army Model Revolver, #99719 Matching. GG inspector's mark on the flat of the barrel housing by the wedge. By far the most heavily used handgun of the Civil War with over 127,000 purchased for issuance by the Federal government. All metal smooth and light gray, absolutely no rust or pitting, sharp markings, approximately 50% cylinder scene, just some minor holster wear at the muzzle. Mechanically as tight as the day it was made, excellent bore. Excellent grip with good inspectors' cartouches. An extremely nice Colt Army.

Henry Osgood Military Grouping Including an 1860 Colt Revolver and Holster. Lot includes: model 1860 Army Colt revolver with carriage number 47101 and barrel number 145515, accompanied by the original holster; pair of 1st lieutenant shoulder straps; pair of matched copper sash buckles; three hat accessories; a 1st artillery shako plate bearing an eagle; pair of artillery epaulettes stored in a Japan case.

First Lieutenant Henry Brown Osgood served with the 27th Maine Volunteer Infantry from August of 1862 until July of 1863. He was awarded the medal of honor in January 1865 for voluntarily remaining in the service during the invasion of Pennsylvania in July 1863 after his term of service had expired. Lot is accompanied by research material and letter of provenance from a direct descendant of Lt. Osgood.

Early Colt M1861 .36 Caliber Percussion Navy Revolver #4224 Matching. All metal smooth and clean with overall light gray patina. Cylinder scene about 30% (typically quite light on these guns), excellent bore, mechanically perfect, tight and crisp. Sharp markings. Grips with traces of varnish, just slightly rounded on the front corners from honest use. A very nice early example of this scarce Civil War period Colt revolver.

Mint Unfired Remington New Model Army .44 Caliber Percussion Revolver, Civilian Model, #113103 Matching. 100% bright blue, 100% case on hammer. Brass trigger guard perfect with nice untouched patina. Grips, showing a burl grain, retain 100% of the original varnish, just a very minor age crack by the screw, on the left side. Mint bore and, of course, mechanically perfect. Few better.

Extremely Fine Smith & Wesson .32 Caliber Rimfire Army Model Revolver #29456, Validating Civil War Period Manufacture. A very popular private purchase arm for both officers and enlisted men, the Model 2 provided the advantage of fixed .32 caliber ammunition. This example retains approximately 90% of the original bright blue overall, just a bit thinner on the cylinder. Excellent bore, mechanically perfect. Rosewood grips near mint, retaining 95% of the original varnish. All markings deep and crisp. A wonderful example of this innovative Civil War revolver.

Very Fine Civil War Cooper Second Model Philadelphia .31 Caliber Percussion Double Action Pocket Revolver #6116 Matching. These very well made revolvers were quite popular as private purchase weapons and many examples have been noted in period images, this being an exceptional example. Five shot cylinder, Frankford, Pa. address, last patent date Sept. 22, 1863. Mint bore mechanically perfect. The barrel retains approximately 95% of the original bright blue, the cylinder about 70%. The hammer and loading lever retain most of the original case colors. The frame is smooth and bright, with traces of case colors. Brass straps perfect, grips near mint retaining 98% of the original varnish, just a few small dents at the bottom on the right side, minor. A most impressive example of this popular Civil War revolver.

Starr Arms Company .44 Caliber Percussion Single Action Civil War Army Model Revolver #54868. A very well made .44 caliber revolver, the single action Starr, next to the Colt and Remington was the major revolver purchased by the US government for Civil War use. All metal smooth and gray, just a few scattered minor dents. Excellent bore, mechanically perfect, crisp marks. Grip excellent with nice patina, no inspector's marks visible. Nice honest example of this desirable Civil War handgun.

Martially Marked Whitney Civil War .36 Caliber Percussion Navy Revolver. All metal smooth and dark, untouched. Excellent bore, mechanically perfect. Loading lever with a few dents, minor. "E. Whitney/N. Haven" On top flat of the barrel, anchor stamped at the back of the barrel by frame. Cylinder marked with large "R/HKH". The grips are excellent with just some smooth even wear, some rounding on the corners from honest use. Very nice untouched example of this scarce martially marked Civil War navy issue revolver.

Unique and Remarkable, Historic Etched and Engraved U.S. Model 1861 Percussion .58 Caliber Union Army, Rifled Musket. Nothing quite the likes of it has ever been viewed or encountered previously. Obviously a musket brought home following his discharge, as a memento by the soldier who had carried it, and who later sent its metal parts to a custom etcher and engraver (the style of that work strongly suggests the Ames Sword Company) to have commemorative inscriptions and motifs applied to it. Workmanship and quality of those designs and lettering is of the highest professional caliber, and is unmistakably original to the post-Civil War years circa 1870s. The full length of the 40-inch barrel from its muzzle to the very tip end of the tang at the breech, bears relief-etched designs, executed in the most ornate manner, filling almost every inch of that barrel, along with large, lengthy and extremely fancy inscribed panels, all executed in the highest professional manner and fanciest of old English lettering. Reading from breech up to muzzle, in their respective panels:

(1) Sergt. H.W. Toole, Co. D / One Hundred and Sixty-Ninth Regt., N.Y. Vol 1862-5
(2) Darbytown Road, Fort Fisher
(3) Malvern Hill, Chapin's Farm
(4) Dansemond, South Anna, Fort Wagner, Danfoul Bridge, Cedar Creek, Walthal; Chester Station, Drury's Bluff; Foster's Plantation; Cold Harbor; Petersburg; Dutch Gap
(5) Edenton Road; Corrsville; Blackwater Ford; Zuni

All panels and spaces between them are filled with decorative etching and scroll motifs. Each of the three barrel bands also bear etched panels with the names (respectively) of the three colonels who commanded the unit during those way years. The trigger guard and trigger plate are also entirely etched with profuse military trophy, panoply of flags, floral and scroll motifs with the similar etching filling the butt plate as well, an oval panel with a portrait of Abraham Lincoln on heel of butt; its underside with cluster of stars and etched design of the Civil War veterans' society medal and the large letters "G.A.R" and the name of the Post to which Sgt. Toole belonged! All metal parts including the mountings and the lock have the original nickel plating finish obviously applied by the company that etched it circa 1870s; that finish clearly exhibits its near century-and-a-half of aging, and is in excellent condition, displaying a mellow patina. The lock only was purposefully not engraved in order not to destroy its marking which are all clear, showing normal wear and use "U.S. / Providence Tool Company / Providence R.I. 1864." The date merely indicated that this was the last musket that Sgt. Toole carried in service and carried home with him. As indicated by his service records, earlier wounds and sickness contracted in the field caused various down-times in the hospital, necessitating issuance of a replacement musket each time he returned to the regiment. The stock is very sound and complete, showing normal smooth aging and about excellent; there are only a few small bruises and minor nicks. Quite magnificent in appearance and certainly astonishing to view!

Accompanied with a large amount of documentary material acquired from the National Archives about the regiment and Sgt. Hugh W. Toole. Raised in New York Sept. 1862, the 169th Reg't saw considerable service right through to war's end; its first action the siege of Suffolk, Virginia, followed by that at Battery Wagner S.C., and bombardment of Fort Sumter, following by many major actions in Virginia campaigns, through to Cold Harbor, Petersburg, the Mine Explosion, Chaffin's Farm and 1865 campaigns in North Carolina. Sgt. Toole served with the outfit from its inception in 1862 to war's end. Records indicate he was badly injured by the explosion of a Rebel shell in a previous campaign, which also caused the loss of two fingers. An earlier bout with typhus also caused him to lose time with the regiment. Records indicate a return to regiment each time. Without question, one of the most historic Civil War muskets in existence.

Historical Inscribed Civil War Military Sharpshooter's Issue Rifle. Carried and used by the regimental sharpshooter of the 151st New York Infantry Regiment (records accompanying the rifle clearly show how he was attached to the 1st Brigade, 3rd Division of the 6th Army Corps from April, 1864 until mustered out June, 1865). Rare Sharps "New Model 1859" full stock .52 caliber percussion rifle with the scarce 36-inch barrel having stuff for saber-type bayonet near the muzzle. Serial no. 37402 clearly places it in the very earliest of that scarce model, the production of which was limited. This rifle was brought home at war's end by the Union soldier to whom it was issued, and who had used it as a regimental "sharpshooter" during the latter years of the Civil War. He subsequently memorialized it for himself and his descendants. Inlaid on the left side of the butt is a large silver plaque, very handsomely engraved "Dem Youngers/ 1st Brig. Sharpshooters/ 3rd Div. 6th Corps" all surrounded with bold scroll designs and a fancy hand-engraved border. Matching that silver inlay are two diamond-shaped silver inlays decoratively inletted on each side of the forestock. There is no doubting the authenticity of the engraving of the inlays to the immediate post-war years.

The rifle is in original, untouched condition, showing normal usage with deep, smooth even-age brown patina. Pitting very minor in small patches; mostly on front of lock around hammer area and a few small patches, on the breech, all very trivial. Just light wear to the stock, consistent with the metal and overall excellent. Matching patina on the iron patch box with some blemishes and patches of very minor fine surface pitting. All markings and mechanical functions perfect. The .52 caliber rifled bore very good to excellent, single trigger.

A large file of research documentation accompanies the rifle. The very first letter from the state of New York Feb., 1980 in answer to an Upstate New York individual (not a known gun collector) who actually turned this gun up, having acquired it from a local family who resided only 10 miles from Batavia, N.Y., the town where Dem Youngers enlisted from and subsequently died in the 1870s. Among the documents is a copy from the National Archives of a letter circa 1870s to the U.S. Commissioner of pensions in support of Dem Youngers' (or his widow's) application for a pension and written by Dem Youngers' former First Sergeant (and later Lieut.) Frank Leopold in which he specifically mentions Youngers' hard service before Petersburg and writes "...I think he went with the Brigade Sharpshooters" following his return to the outfit. Probably the most impeccably documented rifle known to exist.

Civil War Burnside .54 Caliber Percussion Breech Loading Carbine, #21656 Matching. Untouched with dark patina and scattered light pitting overall, a bit heavier at muzzle, frame and butt plate. Very good bore, mechanically perfect . Complete and original in every respect. Wood very good, showing honest wear, generally smooth with dark patina. Initials AM carved on the right side of the butt stock. Good representative Civil War Burnside.

Burnside Carbine, circa Civil War. Serial #25974 on barrel and #25471 on breech block assembly. All markings as standard for this government purchased 5th model variant. Non-functioning action.

Condition: Saddle ring bar missing. No visible cartouches. All metal surfaces go from light to medium gray. Wood has been cleaned lightly years ago.

Civil War Burnside Breech Loading Carbine. Serial #26470. 21" barrel in .54 caliber. Configuration and markings as standard for this U.S. government purchased 5th model variant. Functioning action.

Condition: All metal surfaces are a light gray. Vise marks at breech end of barrel. Forend wood evidences losses on horizontal surfaces. Stock is basically sound, with carved initials on either side. A coat of varnish has been applied to the wood some time in the past. No visible cartouches.

Tower Musket, Circa 1862. 39" barrel in .58 caliber. Lock plate marked "TOWER 1862" with English crown. "CO-H" carved in stock on right side. Configuration as standard for this model. Non-functioning action.

Condition. Metal surfaces go from a dark grey color to heavy pitting at breech of barrel. Wood is sound with years of handling use. Hammer screw is missing.

M1853 .577 Caliber Enfield Percussion Rifled Musket, Dated 1862. 39" barrel in .58 caliber. Lock plate marked "TOWER 1862" with English crown. Configuration as standard for this model. Mechanically perfect, very good bore.

Condition: All metal smooth with deep dark untouched patina. Brass furniture with nice mellow patina Wood excellent with just one small age crack beneath the lock. A very nice untouched early war Enfield

Untouched Civil War M1853 .577 Caliber Percussion Rifled Musket, dated 1861, with the Original Bayonet and Marked "28th Mass" on the Buttplate Tang. All metal with deep dark patina, just some light to medium pitting in the breech area. Missing the hammer screw, otherwise complete and original in every respect including the ramrod and long range rear sight. Lock with deep markings "Tower/ 1861" and crown at rear. Barrel with correct British proofs. The tang of the butt plate bears the heavily worn, absolutely authentic die stamped markings "F 28th Mass. 94". The wood is also untouched with a deep rich patina, generally smooth with just a few minor dents/nicks. There is a small circular inspector's mark just forward of the butt plate tang. Very good rifled bore, mechanically perfect. The original bayonet bears maker's marks and correct British proofs, blade bright and clean, socket dark and smooth with hand engraved numbers "13/263/70", appears to have been protected by a scabbard which is now missing Fits the gun perfectly and the fact that it has always been with it is evidenced by the pattern of the patina on the gun.

The 28th Massachusetts Infantry was part of the famed "Irish Brigade" and was one of the most heavily engaged regiments in the Army of the Potomac, from their baptism of fire at James Island to their loss of 67 men at Fort Johnson and 135 men at 2d Bull Run. The regiment lost another 99 men at Chantilly and 54 at Antietam in the forcing of Burnside's bridge, all as part of the 9th Corps. At Fredericksburg the regiment 158 of the 416 engaged in the bloody assaults on Marye's Heights. While suffering the loss of only 28 men at Chancellorsvlle, the regiment suffered greatly on the second day at Gettysburg, losing 107 of the 224 men engaged in the whirlpool of death that would be known as the "Wheatfield." The regiment's ranks were replenished through late 1863 and early 1864, while being constantly engaged in skirmishing and on May 5 the 28th was heavily engaged in the Wilderness losing 131 men, followed by the loss of 62 at Spotsylvania. Cold Harbor saw the regiment take another 42 casualties and by June 14, 1864 the unit had been depleted to 100 enlisted men and two lieutenants, continuing to be engaged and suffering casualties until Lee's surrender at Appomattox. An historic Civil War weapon with few peers, that doubtless bore witness to some of the most vicious fighting of the entire war. A quintessential example of the cliché "if only it could talk." A remarkable piece of Civil War history.

M1853 Enfield .557 Caliber Artillery Officer's Two Band Percussion Short Rifle. 33" barrel. Wood exquisitely checkered at wrist and on forestock. Beautiful hand engraved decoration on lock plate, hammer, trigger guard, butt plate tang and screw heads. The front barrel band incorporates a stud for mounting a saber bayonet. Standard British proofs at breech, remarkably the lock plate is unmarked. Long range rear sight, original nipple protector and chain. These high quality rifles were a favorite of Confederate officers and NCOs with a number finding their way through the blockade. A scarce and desirable Civil War period rifle.

Condition: Barrel clean and light gray, darker patina on furniture. All metal smooth with just a few minor scattered patches of very light pitting. Mechanically perfect, perfect bore. Wood excellent retaining most of the original varnish.

Scarce Civil War J. P. Moore Enfield Pattern .58 Caliber Rifled Musket with Period ID. Although long believed to be Confederate, recent evidence proves that these well made Enfield pattern rifles were produced by J. P. Moore Sons of New York City. Moore operated as a jobber for Colt and it appears likely that Colt was, in fact, the source for some of the parts used on these weapons. This is an exceptionally nice example. All metal generally smooth and light gray with just some light pitting at the breech, minor. Barrel with correct British proofs, lock deeply marked with M over eagle/shield at tail and 1862 in the center. Wood really excellent with smooth deep dark patina. Rifled bore excellent, mechanically perfect. Retains the original brown leather sling marked "Smith Bourn & Co. Hartford, Ct." "J. Bailey" neatly cut into the cling at two places, unquestionably period, and, potentially, an important piece of evidence to establish a context of use for these scarce and desirable guns. Exceptional example, especially desirable with this great period ID.

Very Early Civil War Spencer Seven Shot Repeating Infantry Rifle. Caliber .56-52 rimfire, #1253, obviously made in the first month or two of production with serial numbers on this model beginning at 700. Initially rejected by the U.S. Ordnance Department based on General Ripley's objection that soldiers would "waste ammunition," this revolutionary weapon was finally adopted for use after President Lincoln personally test fired a Spencer Sporting on the White House lawn that had been brought to his office by Christopher Spencer.

All metal smooth and gray, just some light scattered salt and peppering, really negligible. Mechanically perfect, excellent bore, complete and original in every respect. Wood generally smooth with just a few dents, including one fairly deep one on the butt by the sling swivel. Two hairline cracks on the left side of the butt stock, easily repaired. Overall a very nice, and extremely early, example of this important Civil War rifle that the "damn Yankees loaded on Sunday and fired all week."

Very Nice Civil War Spencer Seven Shot .52 Caliber Rimfire Repeating Infantry Rifle #8582. All metal generally smooth and dark, untouched, just a couple of tiny patches of very light pitting, really minor. Mint bore, mechanically perfect, missing only the front sling swivel, otherwise complete and original. Nice markings. Wood very good with nice dark color,, missing a small sliver on both sides of the forestock at the receiver and two minor hairlines on the left side of the butt stock but very sound. Still a nice example of the desirable and revolutionary Civil War rifle.

Civil War Spencer 7 Shot Repeating .52 Caliber Rimfire Carbine #14318, Rather Early, Probably Mid-1863. All metal smooth and gray with some very light pitting scattered about the breech block along with some original case colors. Excellent bore, missing the ejector assembly and the saddle ring and bar appear to be correct reproduction replacements, otherwise complete and original. Wood shows considerable wear but very good with an old varnish finish. Some saddle wear on the left side of the butt stock and a very old filled/repaired spot by the butt plate tang where it actually appears too have been struck by a bullet, still a good representative Spencer.

Model 1861 Percussion Rifle Musket. Circa 1861, 40" round barrel in .58 caliber. Lock marked "U.S. Springfield" and dated 1861. Configuration as standard for this model. Visible "ESA" cartouche on stock. Period bayonet included with this rifle. Functioning action.

Condition. All metal surfaces bright with good age. Normal proof marks and date stamp not visible on breech of barrel. Good wood with characteristic handling abrasions. Bayonet, though original does not match condition of rifle.

Model 1863 Rifle Musket, Type 1. Circa 1864, 40" round barrel in .58 caliber. All metal parts finished bright. Configuration as standard for this model, i.e. no barrel band springs and two leaf rear sight. Rifle is complete with bayonet and sling. Functioning action.

Condition. All metal parts go from a patinated bright finished to dark grey. Barrel proofed but without date. Pitting at breech of barrel and forward portion of hammer. Wood is sound with normal handling abrasions. No visible cartouche.

Sharps & Hankins Model 1862 Navy Model Carbine. Sharps & Hankins of Philadelphia produced about 8,000 carbines from 1862 until 1865 of which the Navy purchased the majority. The carbine was a .52 caliber rimfire breechloader with the barrel sliding forward on opening of the combination trigger guard/lever. The rifled barrel measures 24", most of the bluing is worn off leaving a uniform brown patina to the metal surfaces, and the walnut stock with brass butt plate has a hairline crack at the wrist. The sling swivel is present at the bottom of the stock. The frame on the right side is marked "Sharps/ &/ Hankins/ Philada." and on the left "Sharps/ Patent/ 1859" with serial number "6995" stamped at the back of the frame. When issued, the Navy models metal surfaces were covered by leather to prevent rusting. As commonly found, this example has long since lost the leather covering. Otherwise, this carbine is complete, in working condition and would rate an overall good condition.

"From Willoughby Run...Gettysburg July 5th...1887" is the Legend on the Period Ink Script Tag Attached to the Butt Stock of this Sharps New Model 1863 .52 Caliber Percussion Breech Loading Cavalry Carbine. Doubtless dropped by a wounded trooper from General John Buford's cavalry division, which bore the brunt of the initial Confederate assault, in the area of Willoughby Run, on the morning of July 1, 1863, at Gettysburg. Metal dark with light pitting overall. Wood shows the effects of 24 years of weathering but very sound and untouched, missing just a small sliver on the left side of the forestock. The gun is otherwise complete in every respect and in superb relic condition commensurate with these early battlefield recoveries. A great Gettysburg relic with superb provenance.

Sharps New Model 1863 Percussion Military Carbine. Serial number 95316 circa 1863, 22" round barrel in .52 caliber. Configuration as standard for this model. Functioning action.

Condition. All metal surfaces are basically black. Light to moderate pitting overall. Primer mechanism missing. Only visible markings on metal are on lock plate and they are faint. Forestock with 7" crack and large chip where the forestock abuts the frame. Stock is sound with faint cartouches.

Very Fine Sharps New Model 1863 .52 Caliber Breech Loading Infantry Rifle, #C, 34182. All metal generally smooth and untouched, just one area of pitting on the left side of the frame. Barrel retains much original blue mixing with dark patina. Lock, hammer and priming assembly also show much of the original blue and case colors. Mint bore, mechanically perfect, complete and original in every respect. Wood excellent with visible inspectors' marks and just some minor scratches. Really an exceptional martially marked Civil War Sharps rifle.

Sharps New Model 1859 Infantry Rifle with Lug for the Saber Bayonet and Very Rare 36" Barrel, only 600 Being Produced. Although showing considerable wear this is a nice honest example of this rare and desirable Civil War breech loading rifle that proved lethal in the hands of trained sharpshooters. All metal generally smooth and clean with scattered light pitting and a few areas a bit heavier, most notably on the tang, which has resulted in the loss of the serial number, and the receiver, which remarkably also shows traces of bright blue as does the breech block and trigger plate. Mint bore, the gun obviously having seen poor storage. The wood shows heavy use but smooth, dark and untouched. Just one small sliver at the receiver (original) with an old brad repair. The gun is complete and original in every respect, mechanically tight and crisp. A very rare Sharps rifle.

Civil War Smith .50 Caliber Percussion Breech Loading Carbine #16819 Matching. Massachusetts Arms Co. makers mark. Very nice untouched example, just showing honest use. All metal smooth and dark gray with scattered traces of blue. Mechanically perfect, excellent bore, crisp marks, absolutely no rust or pitting. Wood generally smooth with nice patina, just some scattered dents on the butt stock from saddle wear, weak but visible inspector's cartouche. Tight overall, complete and original in every respect. One of the more popular Civil War breech loading carbines with some 30,000 purchased for Civil War issuance.

Starr Arms Carbine from the Civil War and the West: Captain James Henry Tempest. The .52 caliber rimfire Starr carbine was made in a limited supply for the Union Army by Eben T. Starr of Yonkers, New York. Starr Carbine total production was 5,002. The first 1000 of these were delivered by March 9, 1865 and were those that were issued to the Winchester, (Virginia) ordnance depot at the end of the month. The short-lived Starr company went out of business in 1867. Captain James Henry Tempest, an Army captain who fought in the Indian War campaigns throughout Utah, Wyoming and Idaho took this rifle home with him where it has descended through his family to us today. The story of his service is made more remarkable due to his family relationship to a noted figure in Civil War history.

Captain Tempest's daughter married Lewis Norman Ellsworth, the nephew of Colonel Elmer Ellsworth, the first Union officer killed in the Civil War. Colonel Ellsworth was shot by an innkeeper as he hauled down a Confederate flag still flying over a hotel in Alexandria, Virginia at the very start of the war. This rifle was passed down through Lewis Norman Ellsworth's family to his grandson Colonel Steve Ellsworth who has made it available for this sale.

While scarce in itself, the story of the association with Colonel Ellsworth of Civil War fame makes this .52 caliber rimfire even more attractive. At 37" in length, it was the perfect saddle gun equipped with a saddle ring, metal butt plate and locking lever at the trigger guard. Considering its record of usage, this gun is in very good condition with the lever action working perfectly. The wood stock and forearm, again while showing wear, have no chips missing and have scratches and wear appropriate for the use in the Civil War and Indian Wars. Serial numbered "33362", the maker's name appears at the breech as follows: "Starr's Patent, Sept. 14th 1858".

This carbine has a great history and is a rare find. It functions perfectly and was fired by the current owner's grandfather for many years as he told the story of his famous relative during the Civil War and his direct descendant from the Indian Wars. It will make a great addition to a Civil War/ Indian War collection.

Provenance: The Ellsworth Family Collection.

Exceptional M1861 Whitney .69 Caliber Percussion Navy "Plymouth" Rifle and Saber Bayonet. The US Navy contracted for 10,000 of these rifles in July 1861, with deliveries completed by 1864. All metal surfaces, in original armory bright, mint, with just a light coat of dried oil/grease. Mechanism and bore both perfect, all markings sharp and crisp. Wood excellent with good inspectors' marks, just showing some minor dents and a number of small chips along the ramrod channel, untouched with nice dark age patina. The correct brass handled saber bayonet fits perfectly, although the bench number does not match that of the rifle (quite common as nearly all of these were mixed subsequent to issue), bayonet excellent - perfect. Interestingly, neatly carved on the left side of the butt stock is "FEB. 7. 1863" A very fine Plymouth rifle and bayonet.

Model 1864 Joslyn Carbine. This is a superb example of the second model of this reliable carbine. Joslyn Firearms Company produced purchased about 8,000 of these carbines during the Civil War and another 4,500 were sold privately. Due to the lack of inspector's marks, this example probably falls into the latter category. This example has the standard 22" rifled barrel, with "Joslyn Firearms Co./ Stonington/ Conn" on the lock and a "US" mark on the butt plate. The carbine retains about 80% of the original blue and the wood stock has never been sanded. This example is complete and in excellent working condition. The second model exists in odd calibers though the stated caliber is .52 rimfire though apparently variants in .44 rimfire and .56-.56 Spencer rimfire have been noted.

The Joslyn carbine was extensively used during the Civil War and was issued to many Union cavalry regiments.

Fine Untouched Maynard Civil War .50 Caliber Percussion Breech Loading Cavalry Carbine, This Being a Scarce Variant Dated 1865 on the Trigger Plate, #24660. All metal smooth and dark with barrel blue mixing with and turning to a pleasing plum brown. Mechanically tight and crisp, excellent bore. Just one small patch of light pitting on the side of the hammer. Wood near mint with perfect inspector's cartouche, nice rich patina. A very nice and rather scarce Maynard carbine.

Model 1863 U.S. Percussion Rifle-Musket. 40" round barrel in .58 caliber. Lock plate marked "PARKERS' SNOW & CO., MERIDEN, CONN." and dated 1864. Barrel retains V, P and eagle stamp along with 1864 date. Configuration as standard for this model. Functioning action. Bayonet included with this lot. Number 41 stamped on top of butt plate.

Condition. All metal surfaces are heavily pitted and have been buffed bright. Wood has been lightly sanded and remains stained in several places.

Scarce Civil War-Period Joslyn Breech Loading Rifle Made at Springfield Armory January To June 1865, #1800 Matching, Caliber 50-60-450 Joslyn Rimfire, Total Production Of 3,007. Although long believed to be post Civil War conversions, evidence unearthed in 1972 validates that these rifles were, in fact, produced and issued during the last months of the war. Numbered on the breech block and tang, correct B. F. Joslyn markings on the face of the breech block. Metal with some scattered light pitting, otherwise smooth and dark. Mechanically perfect, excellent bore. Wood very good, generally smooth with nice dark untouched patina. One area on butt stock where a liquid was splashed on the gun resulting in some bleached out spots but easily recolored. Missing the cleaning rod, otherwise complete and original in every respect. A scarce rifle, initially produced in very limited quantity with over half of the original production converted to .50-70 and shipped to Europe, while this example remains in the original Civil War configuration.

Model 1861 U.S. Percussion Rifled Musket. Circa 1864, 40" barrel in .58 caliber. Configuration and markings as standard for this NORWICH contracted government purchased Civil War rifle. Rifle comes complete with sling and bayonet. Lock dated 1863. Barrel date 1864. This is a good honest rifle that surely saw Civil War use.

Condition. All metal parts are bright with only minor pitting in a few areas, nothing objectionable. Sound wood with no cracks or splits, only minor handling wear. No visible cartouches.

Very Fine Civil War Gwynn & Campbell .52 Caliber Percussion Breech Loading Carbine #3613. Overall retains about 80% of the original blue on the barrel, and 50% case colors on the lock and frame fading to a smooth even brown. Just a few scattered patches of light pitting on the top of the hammer, left side of the frame and tang strap. Wood near mint with perfect inspectors' cartouches, just a few very minor storage dents. Mint bore, mechanically perfect. Very fine example of this innovative Civil War carbine of which 8200 were purchased by the Federal government for use during the war, most of which were issued to Western Theater units.

Civil War .50 Caliber Percussion Breech Loading Smith Carbine, #14792, 21 5/8" barrel. All markings and configuration as standard for this government purchased carbine. Functioning action.

Condition: Overall carbine goes from original blue on barrel to heavy pitting on hammer and butt plate. Wood is sound with the stock chipped at the toe. There are visible cartouches. Two screws have been replaced: one on the lower tang, and one on the securing breech locking mechanism.

Rather Early Smith .50 Caliber Civil War Percussion Breech Loading Carbine #9397 Matching. American Machine Works maker's marks. Metal generally smooth and dark with substantial blue and case colors visible on the frame and trigger guard. Just one small are of heavy pitting just forward of the nipple. Excellent bore, mechanically perfect. Wood very fine with smooth dark untouched patina and excellent inspector's cartouche. Another nice Smith carbine.

Very Fine Civil War Gallager .50 Caliber Percussion Breech Loading Carbine, #24920. All metal smooth with much of the original blue and case colors mixing with dark patina, very fine. Wood excellent with crisp inspectors' cartouches, just a few minor dents. All markings sharp, mechanically perfect, perfect bore. An exceptional Gallager as used extensively by Ohio Cavalry regiments as well as the 13th Tennessee (US) and the 3d West Virginia.

Percussion Musket of English Manufacturer, Circa 1860s. 33" barrel in .58 caliber. Lock marked "GREENER" with an English crown. All iron hardware with two barrel bands. This musket could have seen use in our Civil War as it is not unlike similar arms imported to America in that time frame. "L. L. Riley" deeply cut into stock just ahead of triggerguard. It could be worthwhile to research. L.L. Riley, either North or South.

Condition. Barrel is bright with a light surface of rust. Lock plate and hammer are a darker patina. Top tang has a break and extra screw affixed. There is a curious hole in the front portion of the triggerguard as well as on the top most wrist of the stock behind the tang. Front of stock cracked near front barrel band. Slight crack in stock near lock plate.

Springfield Trapdoor Rifle. Model 1879, serial number 184402, .45-70 caliber with standard military finish and original sling. All components and markings as standard for this model. Functioning action. Cartouched SWP 1882. Opposite lock plate and circle P behind triggerguard. Post Civil War and possibly Indian Wars type.

Condition. Basically a relatively uniform brown patina overall with traces of blue on rear barrel band and tang of triggerguard. Wood has been lightly cleaned but nothing offensive.

Civil War Silver Presentation Watch from General J. H. Carlton. Civil War Silver Presentation Pocket Watch from General J. H. Carlton. Dust cover has original presentation that reads "John Campbell from Gen. J. H. Carlton U. S. A." Silver hunting case has makers mark "Hershfield & Mitchell Leavenworth, Kan."

The watch was manufactured by the American Waltham Watch Company. P.S. Bartlett grade. Size 18, Model 1857. Key wind and set with 15 jewels. Movement serial number 96,298 dates production to 1864.

Union Major General James Henry Carleton was born in Lubec, Maine in 1814. Prior to the Civil War, he was a lieutenant in the Maine militia, where he participated in the Aroostook war. He then received a commission in the regular army, where, in 1846, he served under General Stephen W. Kearney. Carlton was brevetted for bravery during the Mexican War. In 1859, he was stationed at Fort Tejon, and was in California at the outbreak of the Civil War.

During the Civil War, Carlton rose to the rank of Brigadier General in the California volunteers. In 1862, he replaced General Canby as commander of the department of New Mexico. In New Mexico, Carlton sent Kit Carson to kill all adult Indian males. After subduing the Mescalero Apaches, Carlton went after the Navajos, ordering Carson to destroy their food sources and starve them. The Navajos were imprisoned, then forced to make a 300-mile forced march across New Mexico to the Bosque Redondo reservation. Carlton also sent Kit Carson to war against the Comanche and the Kiowa. His tactics were considered brutal, even by many of his fellow officers. He died in San Antonio, Texas in 1873.

Condition: Very fine-excellent.

Field Glasses and Original Case of Major General John C. Breckenridge with Period Presentation Inscription. A fitted paper label is neatly inserted on the inside the lid bearing the following ink script presentation, "After all - Maj Gen'l J. C. Breckenridge/ to/ Mrs. Edgeworth Bird/ May 7th 1865/ Granite Farms Hancock Co. Geo.", with the identical inscription (less the "After all") neatly penned on the silk lining of the lid underneath the paper label, also unquestionably period. The label bears distinct dark impressions from the lens rims of the binoculars.

John Cabell Breckenridge came within a hair's breadth of actually being president of the United States. He was born in Lexington, Kentucky in 1821 and entered the practice of law in that city in 1845. Breckenridge served as a major in the 3rd Kentucky during the Mexican War and, upon his return was elected to the Kentucky state Legislature in 1849 and the U.S. House in 1851. In 1856 he was elected vice president of the United States, the youngest man ever to hold the office. He was appointed to the U.S. Senate after the completion of his term and in 1860, on the split Democratic ticket, ran for president, on a platform of preserving the Union. Ironically, Breckenridge received the electoral votes of 11 slave states but was spurned by his native state of Kentucky. He held his seat in the U.S. Senate until October 2, 1861, when, believing that Kentucky's independence and integrity was being threatened by Union troops, he resigned. He fled south and was commissioned a brigadier general in the Confederate Army. Breckenridge fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, New Market, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, and Cold Harbor, finally serving as the Confederate Secretary of War from February 1865 to the close of the war when he fled first to Cuba, then to England and Canada. He was finally given dispensation to return home in 1869 and practiced law until his death in 1875. Breckenridge was neither a great statesman nor a great soldier but was considered by many to be 'the personification of Kentucky chivalry." His gallantry on the battlefield was never questioned but, as one observer claimed "brought the perfume of Kentucky bourbon with him" wherever he went and was actually charged as being drunk and unfit for duty at Chattanooga. Robert E. Lee characterized Breckenridge as being "a lofty, pure, strong man"

These binoculars are 6¾" high, constructed entirely of brass, and covered with pebbled leather on the tubes and sliding sun shades, all other surfaces covered with japanning. Leather covered pressed board case lined with pink silk and a velvet band around the inside of the body at the top. Black composition eye pieces. Completely unmarked and quintessentially Civil War period in every respect. The case has japanned iron sling buckles on the sides and a small paper tag with the printed number "228" is attached to the front. A wonderful artifact which doubtless witnessed some of the Civil War's most ferocious fighting with period ID to one of the Confederacy's most important and romantic figures.

CONDITION: Leather covering missing from one sliding sun shade, overall excellent, just displaying some honest wear and a couple of chips, quite sound. The brass retains about 95% of the original japanned finish. Composition eyepieces with a number of small chips on the rims, again the result of honest use. The lid, which is separated from the body is excellent, just some minor scuffs and a couple of chips. One original brass hinge is on the lid, the other on the case. The wooden bottom, with its silk lining, has also become separated from the body. The interior silk lining of the case is a bit tattered but about 90% intact. Overall completely untouched.

Lot of Union Officer Rank Insignia. A handsome lot including a matched pair of officer's epaulettes adorned with the bullion insignia of the 11th Infantry Regiment. The infantry blue felt beneath the gold bullion wire "11" has sustained moderate mothing on one epaulette, otherwise the bullion wire of both examples is untarnished and both retain their mounting hooks. The pair is in near fine condition. Also included is a matched pair of captain's shoulder rank insignia, bullion wire on black velvet, in near fine condition and a single, slightly larger example with dark blue velvet backing in fine condition.

Extremely Rare and Historically Important Civil War Officer's Folding Slouch Hat "Worn by General A. J. Smith at Battle of Pleasant Hill - Red River Expedition", Which is Inscribed in Ink on a Period 4" x 2¾" Ink Tag Pinned to the Hat. The reverse of the card bears advertising for a reaper and mower dealer in Chicago Illinois, ca. 1870. The hat is of black wool felt, the crown 5" high at the peak. A very rare pattern, pre formed to fold for easy storage, with only a handful of these scarce hats extant. ¾" black silk edge binding held in place with two rows of stitching. 3/8" black silk hat band at the base of the crown. Accompanied by a correct, period gold bullion and black silk hat cord with netted acorn tassels. The maroon silk lining is a bit tattered but all there, clearly shows heavy use with obvious sweat stains. Also retains the original 2¾" Moroccan leather sweat band finished with a waffle like surface. The hat is completely untouched with a number of small cracks/breaks, rather typical of these folding hats, and probably attributing to their very low survival rate. These is an old stitched repair at the front of the brim at the fold line, and one small area where obviously a liquid splashed on the hat bleaching out the color. Overall condition wise a far superior example as compared to most existing specimens.

Andrew Jackson Smith was born in Bucks County Pennsylvania in 1815 and, upon graduation from West Point in 1838, was commissioned into the 1st Dragoons. At the outbreak of the Civil War Smith was appointed Colonel of the 2d California Cavalry, but soon resigned that post to serve as Gen. Henry Halleck's chief of cavalry. Smith was commissioned brigadier general in March of 1862 and major general in May of 1864, successfully serving as a division commander at Nashville, Tupelo and Mobile. He was breveted major general in the regular army at the end of the war and, in 1866 assumed command of the 7th United States Cavalry, resigning his commission in 1869. At the Battle of Pleasant Hill, on April 9, 1864, Smith commanded two veteran Federal divisions. Smith's timely assault against the Confederate flank, broke the Rebel lines, and turned the battle from a certain defeat into a resounding Union victory. A grateful General N. P. Banks, in overall command of the expedition said to Smith after the battle, "God bless you, general,. You saved the army" A most rare piece of Civil War Union officer's headgear, worn by a gallant general at the height of his battlefield success.

US M1858 Enlisted Man's Dress Hat, Familiarly Known as the "Hardee" Hat, this Scarce Piece of US Enlisted Regulation Headgear Was Worn by Many Units During the Civil War and Made Famous by The "Black Hats" of the Renowned Iron Brigade. Made of heavy black wool felt, 6" high. Insignia attached to the front with leather thongs representing Company "C" 3rd Regiment of Cavalry, the correct eagle sideplate is similarly attached. The insignia is all period although the leather thongs are clearly restorations. All insignia with nice light patina. Original black ostrich feather plume with woven wool socket attached to the hat at left front. Original 3/8" black silk hat band and worsted yellow wool hat cord. The inside crown of the hat retains the original lacquered maker's label which is embossed in gilt, "US Army" over eagle/ shield/ panoply of arms with "Extra Manufacture" and size 4 underneath. Label with a couple of cracks but excellent. The body of the hat is very good. There are (typical of these fragile hats) a number of cracks along the top edge of the crown, and two small cracks at the front edge of the turn up. Overall very sound. A nice displayable example of this very desirable piece of US regulation Civil War military headgear.

Cased Set of Civil War Brigadier General's Epaulettes. Gilt bullion tape bodies with double row of heavy bullion fringe, gilt brass crescents and screw off staff buttons. Red undersides of silk, velvet and Moroccan leather with brass plates marked for attaching to the coat marked right and left. The brass hooks on the back marked with maker's logo of a crown over a heraldic shield. The separately affixed silver bullion stars are on a yellow wool background. The original tin storage container retains most of the original japanned finish. The faces of the epaulettes are excellent retaining most of the original gilt on the crescents, the Moroccan leather undersides have become detached from the body, otherwise also excellent. Very attractive and very scarce.

Civil War Union Captain of Artillery Uniform Including Shell Jacket, Vest, Trousers, and Sash. A very nice Civil War uniform set, classically period in every detail. Nine button front shell jacket of fine blue wool, retaining eight of the original Superior Quality eagle As, missing only the bottom button. Three buttons on each cuff, one eagle A and two general service eagles, which appear to be period replacements. 1" high stand up collar, original, heavily worn, single border, captain of artillery shoulder straps tacked in place. Quilted black polished cotton body lining, white cotton sleeve lining. There is a single interior pocket, lined with brown polished cotton, on the lower left breast. Very fine condition, just showing some honest wear/use, most notably in the arm pits, also some minor fading on the lower sections of the sleeves. Tacked to the left sleeve is a black crepe mourning band, doubtless from Lincoln's assassination.

The vest is blue wool with brown polished cotton belted back and white polished cotton lining. Interior pocket on the left breast as well as two exterior pockets with brown polished cotton lining. The nine button front utilizes bras split rings to hold the buttons in place which pass through hand whipped holes. There are five Scovill eagle As and four Scovill general service buttons, all period. Excellent condition, just some honest wear on the collar and at the arm pits as well as some scattered tiny spots of mothing.

The trousers are of excellent quality medium blue wool with belted back, front pockets with button closure and heavy burlap reinforcing in the cuffs. The trousers incorporate a narrow red worsted wool seam welt. Polished brown and white cotton lining, waist band with what appears to be a hand applied blue diagonal striping (not ticking), brass sew through suspender and fly buttons. A few scattered moth holes and some surface mothing to the knap but generally excellent. The entire uniform is completely hand stitched. Regulation silk maroon waist sash, 3½" wide with 8" tassels with a wooden core, a few small holes and some minor wear on the tassels but generally excellent. A very desirable Civil War officer's uniform in superb untouched condition.

Civil War Union Captain of Infantry Frock Coat with Original Shoulder Straps and Sash. Very fine blue wool construction retain all of the original D. Evans & Co. eagle I buttons, nine on the breast, two on each tail and three on each cuff. 2" high standup collar with black velvet lining, closure effected with two iron hook and eye fasteners. Unhemmed skirt edge, excellent balloon sleeve cut, slightly puckered at the shoulder. Black quilted polished cotton breast lining, breast pocket on each side, draped skirt. Light brown polished cotton pocket bags, white cotton sleeve lining. External skirt pockets also with light brown polished cotton lining. Quintessentially Civil War in every respect. The original double bullion border 2" wide captain of infantry shoulder straps are attached with shoestring ties that pass through hand whipped eyelets. The coat is in excellent untouched condition, just a few mothing pinholes. Clearly shows honest wear, most notably in the armpits and at the collar, 100% intact and very sound. One small, period, repair to a hole by the third button hole, very minor and appears to have been done during the period of use. Classic regulation maroon silk officer's waist sash shows just some minor wear on the tassels, otherwise perfect. Really a classic, early war, Federal infantry line officer's uniform coat in great untouched condition.

"Brigadier James D. Morgan/ 1862 - 1865/ Edward Wells/ 1919" is the Engraved Inscription on the Back of this Near Mint M1851 Civil War Officer's Sword Belt Plate. Absolutely exquisite quality, the finest we've ever seen and certainly commensurate with a general grade officer's belt. Retains 98% of the original brilliant gilt. Morgan served in the Mexican War with the 1st Illinois Infantry and , at the outbreak of the Civil War ascended to command of the 10th Illinois. Promoted to brigadier general on July 17, 1862, Morgan served ably under Grant and Pope and was brevetted major general of volunteers March 13, 1865 for gallantry at Bentonville, N. C. He mustered out on August 24, 1865 and died in Quincy, Ill. In 1896. Edward Wells was Morgan's son-in-law. Also included is a cabinet portrait of Morgan circa 1880 and a great view of Morgan with friends on a fishing expedition. Additionally there is a photograph of Wells with his family and a view of the Wells family cemetery plot in Quincy. Very nice historic grouping and an absolutely gorgeous plate.

U.S. Civil War M1851/55 Brown Buff Artillery Saber Belt in Mint Un-issued Condition. There is no plate, the keeper numbered 123. Brass fittings retain all of the original gilt. Maker's ink stamp on the back, "Grossman/ Maker/ Newark, N. J." As fine as is available.

Officer's Cartridge Box, Sling, and Baldric Device as Worn by Elite Militia Units Prior To and During the Civil War and Pictured in the Period Catalogs of Schuyler, Hartley, And Graham, as well as other period Military Outfitters. The leather bodied box is bound with gilded brass, the heavy tarred leather flap also bound with brass with 4¼" exquisite quality spread wing eagle affixed to the front with small wires. There is a small brass finial for closure, the leather latch tab is torn. The 2 1/8" wide sling is faced with gold bullion tape. The sling itself is black leather with a linen core. Large gilt brass buckle, adjusting loop and sling tip. The magnificent baldric device includes a beautifully die cast lion head with three brass chains suspended at the mouth, attached to a gilt brass shield with separately affixed spread wing eagle with riband at the top. The grommets for adjusting the sling are lined with brass, the sling attaches to the box with heavy gilt brass swivels. Excellent overall condition, with all brass retaining most of the original gilt. Box with just some minor crazing on the flap. Leather sling very sound with just some stitching popped where the bullion tape is attached, shows very nicely and easily repaired. A very nice example of this scarce Civil War officer's accessory.

Civil War Haversack of Lieutenant Ermon D. Eastman, 7th Minnesota Infantry. This black weather proofed haversack, used as a pouch for foodstuffs, is clearly marked on one flap with the name, "E. D. Eastman". These haversacks were often washed for sanitary purposes. The flaps have a leather closure strap and buckle attached by copper rivets. The white metal closure strap buckles are marked "1862". One side has buttons for the attachment of an inner bag (missing). The haversack measures 11" x 11", with a 43" strap (one side loose). There are several holes and the bag shows considerable honest wear. Inside the bag is Eastman's leather and silk "housewife" with needles, thread, brass thimble, and a pair of scissors. The "housewife" is accompanied by a pair of well-worn second lieutenant shoulder straps. There is also a printed card with the name "E. D. Eastman" and that bears the written note, "My Army Haversack carried nearly three years. E.D.E."

E. D. Eastman enlisted as a first sergeant in the 7th Minnesota Infantry on August 18, 1862. He was commissioned a second lieutenant on June 4, 1863 and promoted to first lieutenant on April 17, 1865. He was mustered out on August 16, 1865.

Very Nice and Very Scarce Single Twist Civil War Period Bugle. 17¼" overall including the mouth piece. Classic period construction with a 1 3/8" reinforcing band 11¼" from the bell, with dove-tailed seam clearly visible at the turn. The mouth piece is possibly a replacement but definitely period. There is a green cotton cord with wooden core tassels attached to the bugle which, if original, would indicate use by a rifle regiment. Nice light patina with some very minor scattered dents on the body. Really very nice and an unquestionably American Civil War period bugle.

Civil War Drumsticks Carried By Mathias Lowman, Maryland 5th Infantry. Made of hardwood, each drumstick measures 17.25" and both are nicely patinated. They are sold with the brass keeper buckle. Fine.

Also in this sale is Mathias Lowman's painted wood Civil War drum.

Civil War Period Bass Drum with Original Beaters Identified to Silas E. Peck, 10th Connecticut Infantry. The drum is 23½" tall with a 25" diameter. Retains what appears to be the original rope and heads, the heads having a couple of small holes/splits but quite sound. Four of the original leather tighteners are still on the drum with seven additional original tighteners included. Wooden body very good, finish just showing some light scratches and dents from normal use. There is an 18" hairline that extends around the circumference with the grain, really minimal and detracts little. The original oak-handled, hand-stitched leather beaters also excellent with turned decoration. The ID is on an old paper typewritten label.

Silas Peck served with the 10th Conn. From August 14, 1862, till muster out on June 15, 1865. During this period the regiment was engaged in numerous expeditions/battles in North and South Carolina. After moving to Virginia in 1864 the regiment was engaged at Drewry's Bluff, Deep Bottom, Petersburg, Hatcher's Run, and numerous other engagements. The regiment lost during its term of service ten officers and 109 enlisted men killed and mortally wounded. A nice Civil War bass drum with good ID and the added feature of the original beaters.

Civil War-Era Folk Art Painted Drum, Belonging to "Isaac Golden" as his name is gilded in period paint on a red ribbon. Also painted into the ribbon are the words "E. Pluribus Unum"; it is being held in an Eagles beak. The eagle is grasping an olive branch in one claw and a quiver of arrows in the other. Centerpiece of the drum is the colorful federal shield. On the back there is a brass tack pattern. This particular drum appears to have seen much use, but it has aged very well.

The body of the drum has slight aged varnish cracking; it has been cared for & stored very well over the years. The tension ropes are missing and top drumhead band is a little loose. The drum itself measures 12.5" in height, both drum heads measure 16" in diameter and have old tape repairs. This drum was manufactured in Flushing, New York by the A. Rodgers Company as the paper label is still visible inside.

On the bottom head of the drum is written, in pencil, "William H. Golden/ Mar 2, 1901/ Pawtuxet, R.I." and nearby "Samuel H. Golden/ April 20, 1931", certainly two later owners of this drum that was proudly passed down through generations of the Golden family.

There were several soldiers named Isaac Golden that served in the Civil War. One likely candidate, it seems to us, was a member of the 140th Pennsylvania Infantry. On August 22, 1862 the formal organization of the Company was effected, ninety-six entered their names on the Company roll including Isaac Golden from West Alexander, Washington County, Pennsylvania. Isaac Golden died at Washington D.C. on April 15, 1863; he is buried in Military Asylum Cemetery.

Provenance: The Norm Flayderman Collection.

Civil War Drum Carried By Mathias Lowman, Maryland 5th Infantry. Made by the Union Drum Manufacturing Company of Baltimore, Maryland, the drum measures 14.25" in diameter by 10.25" high. The drum has most of the original maker's label. The wood drum body has a painted blue front with a shield, flanked by flags, and a riband above with "E Pluribus Unum". Below is "No. 18 PG (?)". The drum rims are painted red. There are six original leather tension braces and the skin drumhead. The interior of the drum has several inscriptions, "M. F. Lowman of Comp. I - Capt. Faehtz, 5th Md. Vol. U.S.A."; "Head quarters Comp, Washington - Fortress Monroe, Va. - 5th Md. Vol. U.S.A., Comp I - Capt. Faehtz"; and, "Samuel Lowman of Elkton, Md". The top drum rim is split and the drumhead is ripped. There is some paint loss, else, very good.

Mathias Lowman enlisted as a musician in Company I, Maryland 5th Infantry on October 5, 1861 and was mustered out on October 5, 1864. The 5th Regiment Infantry was organized at Baltimore, Md., September, 1861 and served at camp at LaFayette Square, Baltimore, Md., until March, 1862. Ordered to Fortress Monroe, Va., March 11, 1862. Duty there and at Suffolk, Va., to September, 1862. Moved to Washington, D. C., thence to Antietam, Md., September 8-16. Battle of Antietam, Md., September 16-17. Moved to Harper's Ferry September 22 and duty there until January, 1863. Reconnaissance to Charleston October 16-17. At Point of Rocks and Maryland Heights protecting Baltimore & Ohio Railroad until June, 1863. Moved to Winchester, Va., June 2. Battle of Winchester June 13-15; mostly captured; those not captured at Bloody Run, Pa., and Loudon, Pa., until July. Duty in the Defenses of Baltimore, Middle Department, until January, 1864, and in the District of Delaware, Middle Department, until June, 1864. Ordered to Join Army of the Potomac in the field June 4, 1864. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond, Va., June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Mine Explosion, Petersburg, July 30, 1864 (Reserve). Duty in trenches before Petersburg until September 27. Battle of Chaffin's Farm, New Market Heights, September 28-30. Battle of Fair Oaks October 27-28. Duty in trenches before Richmond until April, 1865. Occupation of Richmond April 3. Pursuit of Lee to Appomattox Court House April 3-9. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Duty in the Dept. of Virginia until September, 1865.

Also in this sale are Mathias Lowman's hardwood drumsticks.

Civil War Captain Erastus Blackmar Knitted Comforter, with his rank and name centrally knitted "Capt. E. Blackmar", 61" X 52" (including fringe). Moth damage, not affecting the name. Repairable.
Erastus Blackmar enlisted in the Connecticut 11th Regiment of Infantry on October 3, 1861. He served as Sergeant Major from February 5, 1863 to April 9, 1864, when he was commissioned as a second lieutenant. Little more than a month later, on May 16, 1864, he was wounded at Drewry's Bluff, Virginia. He was promoted to captain on December 10, 1864. Blackmar was mustered out with his regiment on December 21, 1865.

The Connecticut 11th Infantry was an active regiment, participating in: Burnside's expedition to Hatteras Inlet and Roanoke Island, N. C., January 7-February 8, 1862; Battle of Roanoke Island February 8; Maryland Campaign, September-October; Battle of South Mountain, September 14; Battle of Antietam, September 16-17; Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 12-15; Burnside's 2nd Campaign, "Mud March," January 20-24, 1863; Siege of Suffolk, April 12-May 4; Edenton Road, April 24; Providence Church Road and Nansemond River, May 3; Siege of Suffolk, May 4; Reconnaissance to the Chickahominy, June 9-16; Dix's Peninsula Campaign, June 24-July 7; Expedition from White House to South Anna River, July 1-7; Butler's operations on south side of the James River and against Petersburg and Richmond May 4-28, 1864; Occupation of Bermuda Hundred, Va., May 5; Port Walthal Junction, Chester Station, May 7; Swift Creek or Arrow field Church, May 9-10; Operations against Fort Darling, May 12-16; Battle of Drewry's Bluff, May 12-16; On Bermuda Hundred front, May 17-27; Moved to White House, thence to Cold Harbor May 27-31; Battles about Cold Harbor, June 1-12; Before Petersburg, June 15-18; Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond June 16, 1864 to April 2, 1865; Mine explosion Petersburg, July 30, 1864; On Bermuda Hundred front, August 25 to December, and on north side of the James before Richmond until April, 1865.

Nice Grouping of Civil War Enlisted Man's Equipment. Two smooth sided canteens and one bullseye canteen, all with some dents, otherwise excellent. Three cap boxes, all double loop brass finial. One unmarked, one with inspector's mark and Grossman/Newark maker's mark, and one marked "US" on the outer flap with carved initials, made without an inner flap. About mint brown buff waist belt with the original brass adjusting loop and "puppy paw" oval U.S. waist belt plate, which is excellent. Also includes a very fine cap box with inspector's mark on the front flap, R. White maker's mark on the inside flap, with the original wool and vent pick. Circular eagle cross belt plate for the NCO/musician sword, which actually appears to be an early battlefield recovery that has been cleaned, missing the two lower hooks. Classic Civil War tin cup with wire reinforced handle on which there is a name neatly scratched. Finally a standard issue tarred canvas Civil War "soft pack" knapsack. Excellent, complete and sound with just a few cracks at one fold, inspector's mark on one of the shoulder straps. Neat grouping.

Civil War Era Cased Set of Surgeon's Instruments, housed in a lovely rosewood veneer mahogany fitted box with brass trim and a plaque on the lid. The incomplete set of twelve pieces, by various makers, includes, among others: a small capital saw, finger saw, bone forceps, amputation knives, and bullet probes. Three of the pieces are marked, each with a different name (A. S. Aloe & Co., Vanadaloy, and C. Truax & Co.). All pieces have crosshatched handles typical of earlier instruments. Most handles are black wood (ebony?). Some internal fittings in the case are missing, else near fine.

Group of Civil War Medical Items. Interesting group of Civil War period medical items as follows: blown glass bleeding cup; very nice rosewood cased ivory handled dissecting kit by Tieman & Co. New York; small folding apothecary case, wooden frame with Moroccan leather cover and gilt decoration retaining weight of the original vials; small spring loaded, cased, bleeder/fleam, perfect condition, works fine; stag handled knife/fork combination for a one armed man marked by J. Russel & Co. Green River Works; three blade brass-handled bleeder marked "Fulton Cutlery Co. Sheffield," perfect condition; and brass handled six blade bleeder scalpel combination tool marked "Duvert Freres/ Coutellerie/ Thiers P de D," in excellent complete condition. Neat grouping and a wonderful addition to a Civil War display.

Complete Tiemann Surgeon's Field Kit From the Civil War Era, ca. 1860s. Very nice example of complete field surgeon's kit dating to the Civil War. This set is complete with fourteen pieces. Manufactured by the Tiemann Company of New York City, the premier maker of surgical instruments, this rosewood-boxed surgeon's kit would have been used to perform surgery at Civil War makeshift battlefield hospitals.

The implements included here are a saw, a complete set of scalpels, retractors, and clamps housed in the attractive velvet-lined box that includes two compartments. The maker's sticker of "G. Tiemann & Co., Manufacturers of Surgical Instruments, 67 Chatham St. N.Y." is on the upper lid inside the box. This Rosewood box has slight aged crackling of the wood at the top & a blank brass tag. No key with box. Very fine complete example of a Civil War era surgeon's kit, a rare find. Measures approximately 16.50" x 3.25" x 5.00".

Condition: Fine-very fine, instruments are unused, with excellent wooden handles, but do have some rust on blades, box has small piece of wood 2½" x ¼" missing, also has paint spots on box, burgundy felt little light.

Scarce Civil War Staff Officer's Chevrac or Saddle Pad. Dark blue wool with 1" wide border or gold bullion tape and ½" wide black leather edging, also a 1½" wide black leather reinforcing strip at the top. The lower corner on each side with a 2" x 2" blue wool patch with exquisitely embroidered gold bullion eagle with shield and riband. The back of the pad is lined with heavy black oil cloth. Excellent overall condition, just minor spots of mothing scattered about., a few chips on the leather edging, and some areas of fraying on the bullion tape. All relatively minor and the piece remains very attractive and impressive. A rare piece of Civil War officer's horse gear with few surviving specimens.

Confederate "D" Guard Bowie Knife, ca. 1860s. Excellent example of a Confederate weapon. Overall length is a staggering 19" including a 13.75" blade. This massive "D" guard has a clip point of forged steel and the standard cylindrical grip.

Condition: The blade of the knife has moderate surface pitting with a nice, even dark gray patina.

Sheffield Bowie Knife by Joseph Hawksley with the engraved legend on the ½" X 2¾" silver plaque inset on the grip, "Presented to Chas. E. Dilkes by Dan'l J. Doyle/ Co. C Ellsworth's Fire Zouaves/ Captured by him from one of the Black Horse Cavalry/ at Bull's Run, Va. July 21st 1861" The knife is completely untouched, in superb condition, 11½" overall, 7" blade with 5" rudimentary false edge, 1¼" wide just above the ricasso. Blade near mint with most of the original brilliant luster, marked on the obverse ricasso "Joseph/ Hawksley's/ Celebrated". German silver hilt with horn plaque grips, the obverse inlaid with two 3/8" mother-of-pearl discs, the reverse, of course, bearing the plaque. The maroon Moroccan leather covered scabbard has German silver mounts, the throat with a frog stud. Gilt embossed decoration including "IXL" on the face. The knife is overall near mint. Daniel J. Doyle enlisted in the 11th New York, First new York Fire Zouaves, Ellsworth's, on April 20, 1861 and served with the regiment until his muster out on June 2, 1862. Doyle was at First Bull Run where the regiment was heavily engaged, along with the 1st Minnesota and the 14th Brooklyn, at the top of Henry House Hill. Ordered to assault the Confederate line, the rear guard of the 11th was attacked by a band of JEB Stuart's "Black Horse" Cavalry led by R. Welby Carter. The Zouaves quickly shifted their formation and met the assault head on, killing eight and wounding nine of the riders with their first volley. It was at this point, obviously, that the knife was taken by Doyle from a Black Horse trooper. A truly remarkable Civil War artifact, captured during a vicious encounter between two of the most famous regiments of the entire war.

Confederate Naval Officer's Sword, Patterned After the U.S. M1852, by Firmin & Sons of London, Consigned by Descendants of Robert Baker Pegram, Commander of the Confederate Steamer CSS Nashville. Although the existence of this pattern sword was virtually unknown until the emergence of this remarkable specimen, recognizing that most Confederate naval officers resigned from US Navy service still in possession of their M1852 swords, it is a logical progression, and reasonable expectation, that a sword such as this would have been produced. A possible hint to the sword's precise point of origin may be found in Pegram's forays to England during the War, once aboard the Nashville and subsequently, in 1864, to procure arms and equipment to outfit the "Virginia Volunteer Navy".

Careful examination of the sword clearly indicates that it is, in fact a "revamped" M1852 Ames. The 27½" blade exhibits an etch that, while very similar to that normally encountered on the Firmin dolphin heads swords, displays two distinct and noteworthy differences. The Confederate flag displayed in the center of the obverse utilizes the St. Andrews cross in the canton, rather than the normally encountered 1st National circle of stars. Additionally, the sword employs a more rudimentary ½" ricasso with the Firmin logo etched above on the reverse. This represents a radical difference from the rather long ricasso, inlaid with the brass
"Proved" disc normally encountered in the Firmin dolphin heads. The blade is absolutely untouched with a smooth light gray patina, just some scattered salt and peppering. All etching with hand engraved details, deep and crisp. The reverse includes the Confederate Navy insignia with crossed cannons on a fouled anchor and the logo, "Firmin & Sons/ 153/ Strand/ &13/ Conduit St./ London". Both sides of the blade also include the normally encountered tobacco leaf vine and scroll motif. The all-brass hilt is virtually identical in form the the US M1852, with the obvious exception of a "C" replacing the "U" in the riband on the face of the guard. It is also of particular note that the entire hilt retains approximately 90% of the original gold "Sheffield" type plating, rather than the gilt normally encountered on Civil War period swords. The guard/knucklebow exhibit a slightly less refined finish, most notably on the inboard face and where the dolphin head joins the pommel cap, than is normally encountered on the Ames. The white fishskin grip, with twisted brass wire, is excellent. The sword retains the original black and gold bullion suspension cord for the knot, which is now missing, cylindrical in cross section and of a style previously encountered on Confederate swords.

The brass mounted leather scabbard was manufactured by Ames and is so marked on the back of the top mount.. The scabbard has unquestionably always been with this sword. The scabbard is now in three pieces, but there is no loss and it could be professionally restored. The regulation style brass mounts are perfect, retaining traces of the original gilt.

The sword is accompanied by a manuscript from the current owner detailing his inheritance of the sword from his father's estate in 1987, the gifting of the sword to his father ca. 1915, from William Allen Deas, who was his great uncle and was married to Lucy Cargell Pegram, the daughter of Robert Baker Pegram. Deas himself served gallantly in the Confederate service and was, in fact related by blood to Robert E. Lee. The consignor has also included detailed genealogical references and recollections of his earliest memories of "Seeing the sword over the living room mantle" in the house once occupied by Deas. An absolutely unique offering, of inestimable importance to the Confederate sword collector.

Second Model Virginia Manufactury Cavalry Saber Marked Third Virginia Regiment Modified for Confederate Use. The 33¼" blade is marked on the back "3 V'A REG't" and on the obverse at the base with the numeral "5" and on the reverse the numeral "2." The iron hilt was modified by removing the disc and reshaping the quillon to a rounded profile. The original wood grip has two longitudinal splits and is missing a small piece at the top. The sword is overall untouched with a deep dark patina and just some minor scattered pitting on the guard. At the outbreak of the Civil War, the state of Virginia had 3,675 of these sabers (1st and 2nd models) on-hand and a considerable portion were shortened and slenderized as is the case with this example, for issuance to Confederate Virginia cavalry troops. The survival rate on these swords is very low. A nice untouched example with very desirable markings.

US M1833 Dragoon Saber with Period ID to Jefferson P. Boles, 4th Tennessee Cavalry, CSA. The consignor purchased this sword in Georgia many years ago and, upon carefully removing years of built up grime, discovered "J. P. Boles" lightly but neatly scratched on the backstrap. A search of records yielded only one viable candidate, Jefferson P. Boles. The 4th Tennessee Cavalry was organized in August of 1862 and disbanded January 23, 1863 with most troops being dispersed to other regiments. Despite their short term of service the regiment was heavily engaged including Murfreesboro and Fishing Creek.

The sword is a standard issue M1833 dragoon. The quill back blade generally smooth and light gray, with one noteworthy area of heavy pitting on both sides about 3" from the tip. Hand engraved "N. P. Ames/ Cutler/ Springfield/ 1839 on the obverse with inspector's mark at the base and "United States" on the reverse. Brass hilt excellent retaining a light to medium patina with "J. P. Boles" scratched on the backstrap. The grip retains most of the original brown leather, with one small repair near the pommel. Twisted brass wire appears to be an old replacement. The original iron scabbard generally smooth and dark with just some pitting at the drag. There are a number of dents, including a noteworthy one about 4" below the middle mount which has resulted in a crack, about 4" below the middle mount, but very sound, original throat, the rings are old replacements. A scarce US sword with good Civil War period Confederate ID.

Confederate-Used "Mole" Marked Brass Hilt M1853 British Cavalry Saber in Superior Condition. Marked "Mole" on the back of the 32¼" blade and, in a deep cartouche on the underside of the guard adjacent to the blade. The blade is excellent condition with just some tiny nicks and a few minor patches of salt-and-pepper pitting, overall bright and clean. Brass guard with a few minor bends, but very fine with nice patina. Plaque gutta percha grips with an old coat of black lacquer, excellent, just showing some minor wear and a few chips at the edges. Very nice example of this Confederate issued and used cavalry saber. There is no scabbard.

Confederate Foot Officer's Sword and Scabbard by James Conning, Mobile, Alabama. This is the exact sword illustrated in FIG 6-C on P. 50 in Albaugh's definitive Photographic Supplement of Confederate Swords, with a verbal history of having been captured at Perryville, KY. The heavy 30" blade, with unstopped fuller is serial numbered at the base "340" (erroneously listed as 320 in Albaugh). Brass hilt with nice untouched patina marked "NCSA 110", significance unknown but probably an old collection number. The top of the pommel cap is decorated with an engraved eight pointed star surrounding the blade tang. The guard exhibits the typical quaint crudeness generally associated with this maker. The original leather scabbard bears a small three-digit serial number on the face in the center, the original brass lower mount, which is untouched/uncleaned, and bears the same serial number, stamped with identical dies, "340", as the blade. The throat, while unquestionably Confederate, with a pleasing patina and distinctive copper color, is possibly an old replacement. The lower mount has a number of dents and is friction fitted, the leather scabbard is intact and very sound. The blade has a number of small nicks, with a smooth dark gray patina, just one small patch of light pitting within 5" of the tip. The hilt is excellent with the grip retaining vestiges of leather and the twisted brass wire wrap tight and intact. A rare sword with wonderful provenance from a most desirable maker.

Confederate "Dog River" Cavalry Saber With Scabbard. The unmarked Confederate cavalry sword retains its original leather and single brass wire wrap on the hilt. The unstopped fuller blade exhibits some pitting and is 31¼". The overall length of the sword is 41". The scabbard is lap seamed on the bottom with an iron drag, two brass ring mounts (the top ring is broken at the seam); the throat is missing. The brass mounts and guard are un-cleaned with even patina. The overall condition of the blade is dark with light pitting.

Confederate Cavalry Saber and Scabbard Attributed To Boyle & Gamble of Richmond, Virginia. Boyle & Gamble were in operation in Richmond throughout the war and produced substantial numbers of edged weapons of all kinds. Their products were primarily sold to private individuals and military outfitters although there is evidence of weapons also being provided directly to the Confederate government. The all brass hilt is generally well made but does exhibit several noticeable casting flaws. The underside of the guard is distinctly convex. The leather grips appears to have been originally brown and is wrapped with double strand iron wire. The 35¼" curved blade has a wide shallow unstopped fuller and shows several forging flaws including the distinctly Boyle & Gamble imperfection on the reverse side of the blade 1¼" from the hilt. Extremely well made iron scabbard w/barely perceptible brazed seam. Brass ring mounts and rings, iron throat and drag. A very well made Confederate cavalry saber with strong evidence of its manufacture by Boyle & Gamble.

Condition: Brass hilt with great untouched dark patina. Leather grip and iron wire perfect. Blade very nice with smooth gray patina, just some scattered tiny nicks that detract nothing. Iron scabbard and brass mounts also with nice dark smooth patina, just a few scattered dents, overall very nice.

Classic and Desirable Form Roman Pattern Confederate Foot Artillery Short Sword in Very Fine Untouched Condition. Identical to FIG 31-Z, center, in Albaugh's photo supplement. Heavy double edge 18½" blade, generally clean and smooth, just a few small patches of very light pitting. Rather crude all brass hilt excellent, untouched patina, scaled grip, plain pommel, C and S on the cross guard finials, just some scattered dents. Choice example, no scabbard.

Nice 2nd Model Virginia Manufactury Cavalry Saber as Modified for Use by the Confederacy With 35" Blade, the Hilt Retaining its Original Form. Blade with some scattered light pitting, otherwise smooth and dark gray. The only mark on the sword is a numeral 2 on the obverse ricasso. Hilt also dark gray with scattered light pitting, a few spots a bit heavier. The original wood grip is intact but there is no wrap remaining. Sword overall nice and tight. Good representative example of this scarce early saber adopted for use by Confederate cavalry.

"Roman" Pattern Confederate-Manufactured Foot Artillery Sword, identical to the one illustrated in Albaugh's Addendum To The Photo Supplement. 18¾" double edged, wasp waisted, blade with deep dark patina, just some scattered light pitting and a few minor nicks. Ribbed grip brass hilt perfect with very nice untouched patina. Typical turning marks on the faces of the cross guard finials, marked with a single dot on the face of each side of the guard. There is no scabbard. Certainly one of the great mysteries of the Confederacy is that, not having enough brass for accoutrement finials, they saw fit to produce myriad numbers of this heavy brass hilted sword in various forms, which generally proved useless in combat. A very nice untouched example of this scarce Confederate sword.

M1851 Colt.36 Caliber Percussion Navy Revolver with the Original Holster and Belt Carried and Used by America's Greatest Author, Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens). This is doubtless the gun Twain referred to in describing himself as a "...rustic looking city editor... whiskered half down to the waist, and the universal navy revolver slung to my belt." The gun is serial #138599 matching, generally smooth and gray with just some small patches of scattered light pitting, retains just traces of the cylinder scene. All brass straps with nice untouched patina. The underside of the grip strap bears the hand lettered shaded initials "W. S. T.", purported to be the initials of a Civil War soldier from whom Twain acquired the gun. The grip retains approximately 30% original varnish. The original brown leather holster, now form fitted to the gun, is excellent, just missing the latch tab and loop for closure. The 1½" wide brown leather belt retains the original heavy brass horseshoe shaped buckle with iron tine, belt also excellent.

Included with the gun is a notarized affidavit dated July 5, 1956, listing the serial number, and specifying that the holster and belt are included, stating that the gun was given by Twain to the affaint's grandfather, Marion Richards of Perry, Missouri. Also included are several articles pertaining to and identifying the gun. A remarkable slice of American Civil War period western and literary history.

Nice, Early, Untouched Confederate 2nd Model Le Mat "Grapeshot" Revolver #1337 Matching. A number of Le Mats in this 1300 range have surfaced with a history of Confederate usage and this example also doubtless saw Confederate service. All metal smooth and gray, excellent bores, mechanically perfect. Marked on the top flat of the Barrel "Col Le Mat Bte s.g.d.g. Paris" and on the side flat, just forward of the serial number with a star over LM. The side of the hammer bears a large "N". All markings sharp and crisp. Grips excellent with smooth even wear and very nice patina. The combination of a 9 shot .42 caliber cylinder, proved devastating in hand to hand encounters, and these innovative revolvers were highly prized by Confederate officers, most notably the "Virginia Cavalier" General JEB Stuart. The loading lever assembly on this specimen is missing. An exceptionally nice untouched, readily restorable, Confederate used Le Mat.

Very Rare Confederate Columbus Armory .58 Caliber Percussion Rifled Carbine. Although the precise history of these rare Confederate carbines remains a bit murky, existing records validate that 183 guns were delivered against an original contract for 1000. The strong similarity of these guns to the J. P. Murray carbine, and the belief that John D. Gray, the proprietor of the Columbus Armory, was the brother of William C. Gray, one of the partners in J. P. Murray, would certainly indicate a strong association between these two firms.

The 24" barrel is marked with a P at the top left of the breech and a Maltese cross on the underside. The M1841 style lock is unmarked with the exception of a dot 6 on the inside of the lockplate and on the hammer. The barrel tang screw bears this same mark. Both lock screws are marked with the Roman numeral VII and the number 17 is stamped in the wood by the barrel tang. The brass trigger guard, butt plate, side plate and bands, including the double strap front band, exhibit a nice dark untouched patina. It is probable the front band spring is a replacement. All other metal smooth with a very nice dark untouched patina, just some light cleaning at the breech, apparently to expose the markings, minor. The walnut stock shows honest use with a dark untouched patina. A letter W is carved on the left side of the butt and there is a very old 2½" crack which extends from the front lock screw along the fore end. V-notch rear sight, small brass blade front sight. The ramrod, while possibly not original, is unquestionably period and probably a field expedient replacement. Retains both original sling swivels. Mechanically the main spring is a bit weak but functioning, very good bore. A very nice, generally untouched, example of this extremely rare Confederate carbine with but a handful of known specimens.

Confederate Cook & Brother, Athens, Georgia .58 Caliber Percussion Rifled Cavalry Carbine. Ferdinand and Francis Cook were Englishmen who produced arms of the Enfield pattern for the Confederate Central Government. Originally located in New Orleans, they were forced, in 1862 with the approach of federal troops, to relocate to Athens, where they continued production. Crisp lock markings, "Cook & Brother/ Athens/ Ga./ 1864" with 1st National Confederate flag at the tail of the lock. The serial number, 6422, is stamped on the lock, the nose cap, barrel tang screw, lock screws, and the underside of the barrel. All metal generally smooth and gray with just some minor scattered light pitting. The 21" round barrel, with the original swivel ramrod, retains traces of the original twist pattern. Marked "A/ 43" on barrel breech and plug, "Proved" on top of the barrel at breech. When the consignor acquired this gun the hammer was missing. It has been replaced with an original, correct Cook hammer and is virtually undetectable. The brass butt plate, trigger guard, saddle ring and bar, nose cap and sling swivel mounts have all been carefully cleaned bright. Walnut stock excellent with very nice dark patina, just a couple of very minor age hairlines at the rear of the butt, really negligible. An exceptional example of this rare primary issue Confederate cavalry carbine.

"Geo. W. Kennedy from A. P. Hill Gen. C. S. A." is the Civil War Period Engraved Presentation of the Top of the Barrel of this US M1861 Springfield .58 Caliber Percussion Musket, Dated 1861. The well-worn inscription extends from the the rear barrel band to the rear sight. Al metal smooth with a very nice untouched patina. Lock markings crisp, barrel date and proofs very weak, actually shows signs that for many years, long ago, it was carefully maintained by hand cleaning, resulting in the wear to the barrel markings and inscription. Mechanically perfect, excellent bore. The wood is very sharp with rich untouched patina. The correct ESA inspector's cartouche weak but legible. There is a very old wood pin repair to a break at the wrist, which actually extends onto the comb of the stock. Actually appears that the gun may have been intentionally broken, and possibly relates to the reason for its presentation. The gun displays two interesting anomalies that attest to its Confederate association and use. The trigger guard bow is reversed, placing the sling swivel at the rear, a trick oft used by Confederate soldiers to facilitate carrying the rifle slinged with the muzzle down, to protect it in the rain. Additionally, the gun retains a British M1853 Enfield triangular socket bayonet that fits perfectly and, based on the patina pattern, has clearly always been with it.

Cursory research reveals that George W. Kennedy enlisted in Company "G," 52d Virginia Infantry on August 2, 1861. Kennedy was wounded at Port Republic, Virginia on June 9, 1862, being struck by a musket ball, which entered his cheek under the left resulting in the loss of the eye. He resurfaced on February 15, 1863, enlisting in Company "C," 39th Battalion Virginia Cavalry (Richardson's Battalion of Scouts, Guides and Couriers, 13th Battalion Virginia Cavalry). Doubtless serving through the Gettysburg campaign, he is recorded as being detailed on December 8, 1864 as a courier for Confederate General Jubal A. Early.

Lieutenant General Ambrose Powell Hill was a native Virginian, graduating from West Point in 1847. Originally assigned to command of the 13th Virginia Infantry at the beginning of the war, Hill was advanced to brigadier general on February 26, 1862 and, for his gallant conduct at the Battle of Williamsburg, major general on May 26, 1862. He ably commanded his division through the fierce fighting of late 1862 and early 1863. Subsequent to the death of Jackson, hill was promoted to lieutenant general on May 25, 1863, and assumed command of the Third army Corps, which he directed at Gettysburg and the subsequent Virginia campaigns. It is certainly reasonable to assume that the paths of Hill and Kennedy could easily have crossed, especially during Kennedy's service as a scout and courier. An historically important Civil War artifact, exuding an air of intriguing mystery, that could doubtless be resolved with dedicated and diligent research.

Very Fine CS Richmond .58 Caliber Percussion Rifled Carbine, Certainly One of the Finest Examples Known, Retaining Traces of the Original Color on the Lock. 25" rifled barrel with excellent bore, pinched front sight, correct rear sight and mortise. Light pitting at the breech, with a portion of the original breech date visible (186 ( ), V. P and eaglehead, also some pitting on the face of the bolster. The balance of the barrel a smooth light gray, really excellent. Both original bands with U stamp slightly off line. Lock sharp and crisp dated 1863 at the tail with C. S/Richmond, Va. Lock with just a couple of tiny spots of very light pitting beneath the bolster, retaining traces of the original case colors. Nose of the hammer with some light salt and peppering. Trigger guard and butt swivel both excellent. Unmarked brass butt plate and brass nose cap with wonderful untouched patina. Wood generally smooth with great untouched dark patina, two gouges opposite the lock, and a set of initials lightly carved on the left side of the butt. Forward section of the ramrod rather heavily pitted and possibly a period replacement. A scarce Richmond carbine of absolutely unquestionable integrity and truly superior condition.

Extremely Rare Type I High Hump Fayetteville Two-Band .58 Caliber Percussion Rifle Manufactured Utilizing Captured Harpers Ferry Parts. Ex: Fred Goldbecker with lockplate interior stamped N/11, indicating possible fabrication by Richmond for Fayetteville. Nice sharp markings with "1862" at the tail of the lock, "CSA" under eagle in the center and "Fayetteville" at the front. Crisp breech date of 1862 with V, P and eaglehead. All metal smooth and gray, appears to be untouched, just a few tiny patches of light salt and peppering and one tiny patch of very light pitting on the face of the hammer, overall truly exceptional. Mechanically perfect and excellent/perfect bore. All brass with nice light patina including the US marked butt plate, original ramrod. Wood smooth and dark, very fine with initials "JRP" lightly carved on the left side of the butt stock. A most desirable and exceedingly rare Confederate primary issue rifle in superb condition.

Griswold & Gunnison Confederate .36 Caliber Percussion Revolver of Navy Type, #2396 Matching. Metal overall dark and untouched, generally with scattered salt and peppering overall, just a few patches of light pitting, very minor. Numbered on the frame, barrel, and cylinder with 26 on the underside of the lever, without disassembling the gun there are no cryptic marks visible. Characteristic twist clearly visible on the cylinder with a few tiny forging flaws, consistent with the twist, also a few tiny forging flaws in the barrel. The wedge screw is possibly a correct replacement, otherwise the gun is correct and original in every respect. Mechanically very good, it does not index quite properly, excellent bore. All brass excellent with light patina and scattered darker areas. Grip also excellent with dark smooth patina, untouched and no obvious shrinkage. Overall a sharp, completely honest specimen of this scarce Confederate revolver in very desirable untouched condition, even retains vestiges of the cylinder pins.

Very Nice Confederate Richmond Sharps .52 Caliber Percussion Breech Loading Carbine Identified to Joseph H. Deer of the 7th Alabama Cavalry. Deer served with the regiment form his enlistment on August 25, 1863 to the end of the war, with his parole signed and dated at Montgomery, Alabama on June 19, 1865. It is interesting to note that Deer's company muster roll from December 18, 1863, lists him as being stationed at the "Dog River Factory nr. Mobile, Ala." The ID is on the right side of the butt stock, executed with block letter die stamps, "J. H. Deer/ To/ Otto H. Deer/ 1915.".Serial number 4771 at the tail of the lock, on the tang and on the saddle ring bar plate. "Richmond, Va." on top of the barrel just behind the rear sight. Metal generally dark and smooth, just some roughness/ dents on the top and bottom of the breechblock, some dents on the right side of the receiver and some scattered light to medium pitting on the lever, butt swivel and barrel near the muzzle. Action tight and crisp with very good bore. Wood smooth and dark, completely untouched. Small hairline with old glue repair at rear underside and right side of forestock and an old gouge just forward of the receiver. A nice honest Richmond Sharps with very desirable ID.

Nice Condition Very Early S. C. Robinson Confederate Sharps .52 Caliber Percussion Breechloading Carbine, #115. Lock markings "S. C. Robinson/ Arms Manufactory/ Richmond, Va./ 1862" with serial number 115 at the tail, and on the tang. "Richmond, Va/ 1862" on the top of the barrel just behind the v-notch rear sight with "S. C. Robinson/ Arms Manufacturing" just forward of the sight. Interestingly the gun also bears the cryptic mark of three diagonal rows of three dots on the side of the receiver. All metal generally smooth and gray, with what appears to be the scattered remains of a coat of nicotine. A few very minor scattered dents and some scattered very light pitting in the breech area. Action tight and crisp, bore excellent to near perfect. Original brass butt plate, saddle ring and bar and butt swivel. All brass with nice dark untouched patina. Wood smooth and dark with the possibility of some recoloring ion the rear portion of the butt which shows obvious saddle wear. The forestock exhibits the anomaly of a small aperture (about the size for a cleaning rod) cut out at the nose. A very nice, completely original Robinson Confederate Sharps, especially desirable with this very low/early serial number.

Rare First Model Maynard .35 Caliber Percussion Breech Loading Rifle. Although no specimens have been specifically identified it is known that 175 of these rifles were purchased by the state of Mississippi in December of 1861, with the likelihood of other small quantities being sold to other southern militia units. This is a very nice untouched example. All metal smooth and dark with just a few small patches of very light pitting. Mint bore, mechanically perfect. Complete and original in every respect including tang sight, Maynard tape priming mechanism, and patchbox. Also folding leaf rear sight on the barrel. Wood smooth with nice rich patina and flame grain on the comb, also completely untouched. An exceptionally nice example of this scarce breech loading rifle that was so favored by pre-war southern militia units that it was included in later Confederate Ordnance manuals as an official weapon.

Exquisite Quality M1853 .577 Caliber Percussion Two Band Officer's Short Rifle by Parker Field & Sons, London. These scarce and beautifully made officer's quality rifles were highly prized in the Confederacy with a number being run through the blockade, generally those made by private contractors, such as this example. All metal smooth with dark untouched patina, absolutely no rust or pitting. Exquisitely hand engraved with shadowed scroll work on the breech, breech tang, lock plate, hammer, butt plate tang and trigger guard, the front of the hammer being engraved with a stylized animal head. Hand engraved on the lock plate "Parker Field & Sons" and on the top of the barrel, "Parker Field & Sons High Halborn London", numbered 10266 on the face of the bayonet lug. Sling swivels on tail of the trigger guard and front band. Wood excellent retaining most of the original varnish finish. Deeply checkered at wrist and on forestock, oval silver wrist escutcheon. Even retains the original nipple protector and chain. Complete and original in every respect. A choice example for both quality and condition.

Confederate 1863 .58 Caliber Richmond Rifled Musket. All metal smooth, dark gray and untouched. Lock markings "C. S./ Richmond/ 1863'. Vestiges of the 1863 breech date and V, P and eagle head. All bands with U struck noticeably off center, there is the remote possibility that the middle band is a correct period replacement. Rifled bore excellent, original brass butt plate, unmarked, iron nose cap, straight shank ramrod. Wood shows smooth even wear with nice dark patina, also untouched. Just one small sliver on the left side at the nose cap missing, obviously very old with the same patina as the rest of the wood. Mechanically crisp, excellent markings. An exceptional Richmond for both condition and integrity.

"T. J. Cox/ Co H 45 Ga." is the Period Carved Legend on the Left Side of the Butt of this M1853 .577 Caliber Enfield Rifled Musket, Bearing The Lock Mark, "E. P. Bond/ London". Company "H" of the 45th Georgia was originally organized from the Henderson Rangers of Houston County. Thomas J. Cox served with the regiment from his enlistment on March 4, 1862 to the end of the war. The 45th Georgia was engaged in every major action of the Army of Northern Virginia from Hanover Court House, May 27, 1862 to Appomattox, including Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg where they were part of Thomas' brigade of Pender's/Wilcox's division. The regiment was heavily engaged throughout the war and is listed with Fox's "300 Fighting Regiments".

Totally untouched with deep dark patina overall, the barrel of the gun has been shortened to 22½", the ramrod accordingly, and the stock to just forward of the rear band. The gun was clearly used this way for a considerable period of time as there is a large six pointed star hand engraved near the muzzle designating a rudimentary front sight. Small sliver splintered out forward of the bolster and a hairline just behind the hammer, both obviously very old. Mechanically fine, bore actually still very good. No rear sight or trigger guard swivel. Despite its 'abbreviated' form a remarkable Confederate weapon with superb period ID to a soldier who bore witness to some of the most vicious combat of the Civil War.

"....carried by my Grandfather Virgil M. Ramey in the War of Southern Independence while serving with Col. Mosby's Rangers" is the 1930 provenance which accompanies this US M1816 .69 caliber smoothbore Springfield musket, The barrel is now with the forestock shortened accordingly. A salient feature of the alteration is the addition of a front sight to the front (originally middle) band. Very fine overall condition with the metal smooth and gray, untouched, and the stock exhibiting sharp edges and a nice dark patina. The tulip head ramrod appears to be original to the gun since its alteration. Lock markings with Eagle/US and Springfield 1839. Mechanically perfect, excellent smooth bore. The type letter of provenance, which is dated July 8, 1937 also mentions a photograph of Ramey dated 1839, with arsenal cone conversion, which has been altered to a cavalry carbine. "Taken from a family album", which is a cabinet card C. 1880, and is included with the gun. Additionally, the letter specifically identifies the gun as "a Confederate short musket marked Springfield 1839". Initials VMR neatly carved in the stock opposite the lock and, stamped in large block letters on the heel of the butt plate is "CS", the original US apparently having been removed or obliterated. This is in direct correlation to the statement in the letter that the gun was "remarked" after its capture and alteration. Interestingly, at least one other, similarly altered, musket has surfaced (Murphy) with iron clad provenance to a member of Mosby's command. A quintessential example of the type of alteration routinely performed at Confederate arsenals to meet the pressing need for cavalry carbines, with excellent provenance to one of the war's most highly romanticized Confederate units.

Confederate Fayetteville Two-band .58 Caliber Percussion Rifle, Dated 1864 on Both Lock and Breech, with the Original Bayonet and Sling. 33" rifled barrel with very good bore. All metal generally smooth with light gray patina. Brass mounts generally bright and clean. All markings deep and crisp including CSA/ Fayetteville/ 1864 with eagle on the lock, V, P, eagle head and date 1864 at breech and CSA on the tang of the brass butt plate. Original two leaf folding rear sight and ramrod. Mechanically perfect. The breech plug tang has been "pinched" and the area around the front lock screw has been slightly peaned, also the face of the vent clean out screw is broken off, all things that can be readily "neatened up" by a competent restorer. The wood is excellent with just a few very minor dents, nice patina, and retains about 50% of the inspector's cartouche. The gun is accompanied by the original, distinctive, Fayetteville angular socket bayonet, and Confederate issued linen sling with leather fittings and iron wire adjusting hook, both excellent. Total production of this model is estimated at 500 with a very high attrition rate. A very nice Fayetteville and especially desirable with the original bayonet and sling.

Magnificent Confederate Second National Flag, "The Stainless Banner," Captured at Battery Bee in Charleston Harbor on February 16, 1865. 65" on the hoist, 91" on the fly, including 1¼" linen hoist binding, constructed of bunting with 7-inch linen stars which are inset with a welt and visible from both sides. There are two hand whipped grommets at the corners, with a 7" x 11" white reinforcing strip by the lower grommet and a 3" X 6" blue reinforcing panel at the top. The St. Andrews cross canton is 46" square. The white field is composed of four strips, three 18" and one 10" and there is no fold over on the top or bottom edge. The flag is completely hand stitched. Written in ink on the hoist "6 X 10" at the upper corner Battery Bee 1 Jany 1864 toward the lower corner, most likely applied either when the flag was shipped from the depot or when it arrived at Battery Bee. Stitched to the flag on the lower center red portion of the canton is a 4½" X 8" polished cotton tag which bears the printed legend, "Rebel Flag At Battery Bee/ Entered By The Navy/ February 16, 1865." One small tear along the hoist, the edge of the fly somewhat tattered, doubtless exactly as it was when removed from Battery Bee. A section of stitching has opened along one side of the canton but the flag is very sound, with brilliant colors, clearly well cared for over the last 143 years.

Battery Bee was located in Charleston Harbor and after several attempts was finally captured by the US Navy on February 16, 1865. A very important Confederate flag, of unquestioned authenticity, with superb provenance.

Large Early Seven-Star Texas Pattern Confederate 1st National Flag, Adopted March 1861. 113" x 67", including a 2" white canvas hoist. Entirely hand stitched and constructed entirely of bunting with white cotton stars. The size would suggest a garrison or building flag. Stars vary slightly but are generally 8" from tip to tip. The lower red stripe is constructed entirely of one piece; the white stripe composed of two pieces, one 8" the other 18". The upper red stripe composed of three pieces, one 8½" and a 16" strip with a 10½" section at the end of this stripe where it joins the canton. The canton is constructed of six approximately 8" strips, with a 4" strip of a different shade of blue along the top edge. There is a 3/16" fold over along the bottom edge, a 1" reinforcing strip along the edge of the fly and a 1" fold over where the canvas hoist attaches. There is no fold over evident along the top edge but it shows no indication of having been trimmed and is probably simply the end of the cloth bolt. There are several holes pierced in the canvas to implement suspension. The flag exhibits scattered moth damage on the stripes with dramatically less damage on the canton. It has been carefully stitched to a black felt backing to maintain its integrity. This exact flag was offered for sale in Norm Flayderman's November 1979 catalog #103 (price at the time $1750), a copy of which accompanies the flag. An absolutely authentic early Confederate 1st National flag that is certainly worthy of full restoration and conservation.

Rare Confederate Seven-Star, so called "Texas Pattern," 1st National Flag.
Unusual form with six stars surrounding a central star, possibly indicative of Texas association, the "Lone Star State" being the seventh to secede from the Union. Pre dates April 17, 1861 when the eighth state, Virginia, approved secession. Very desirable size, generally associated with field use, 28" on the hoist and 57" on the fly including the 2¼" cotton hoist binding which utilizes five hand whipped grommets. Double sided, constructed of bunting, entirely hand stitched. White cotton stars approximately 4" tip to tip. Each stripe is constructed of two equal sized strips. The body of the flag, excluding the hoist is bound with a thin, stitched in, white cotton cord. All colors bright, white cotton hand stitching tight, just some minor spots of deterioration scattered about, most notably at the corners of the fly edge and the top of the canton at the hoist. Nicely framed for display. A very attractive, character laden, and very early, Confederate 1st national flag.

Provenance: Chicago Historical Society/Arnold Chernoff

Confederate Major General John B. Floyd Fort Donelson Relics. Three mother-of-pearl buttons, 22mm, tied to period tag inscribed, "Buttons taken from Gen Floyds trunk Fort Donelson. This fort was surrendered Feb 16th of 1862 to the Federal Army under Gen U.S. Grant after three days desperate resistance. 15 thousand prisoners including Gen Buckner were captured and an immense quantity of War material. Generals Floyd and Pillow escaped with a portion of the garrison. Presented by Wm. R. P. Crocker." The buttons are in excellent condition, however the tag is heavily browned and creased. Lot includes Anthony Carte de Visite of Floyd. The fall of Fort Donelson opened the way for a Federal invasion of the Tennessee heartland and can be considered one of the Union's first great victories. Floyd, commanding the fort, was a former U. S. Secretary of War, but had little experience as a soldier. Crocker, brave captor of rebel buttons, served in Co. "D", 30th Illinois Infantry and would become a deserter in September, 1863.

Inscribed Civil War Poison or Assassin's Ring. Consultations with Heritage's Fine Jewelry department have verified the ring's authenticity and provided perspective on the great rarity of this piece, with only a handful of examples known to exist. Very heavy, constructed of plated brass. Inscribed inside in period script "June 15th 1863", absolutely authentic and of the period. The top portion of the ring is nicely decorated with hand engraved scroll motifs, The actual mechanism incorporates a small box in which the toxin would be contained. The hinged lid, which covers the box, is slotted to allow a small, pointed, razor sharp, blade to snap out when a tiny release button/trigger is pushed on the side of the box. Except for this tiny slot, which permits the blade to emerge, the presentation is that or a normal, harmless ring, quite diabolical. Excellent condition, just some wear to the plating on the inside and the edges, clearly showing the ring was worn. Although the mechanism seems to work perfectly, the blade cannot be cocked as it has been slightly bent and cannot be completely folded into place, easily repaired. A remarkable Civil War period artifact and, despite the melodramatic overtones, clearly meant to administer a lethal dose of poison.

Exquisite Civil War-Period Whalebone Carved "Ditty Box," Displaying Confederate Motifs. 1 7/8" x 3 7/8" x 1" high. Basically a "casket" shape, tapered on the bottom with all edges delicately decorated/carved with scallops and geometric motifs. The lid is attached with two small hand fabricated hinges and the box is assembled with tiny steel pins. The lid is pierced with three small glass windows. The window at the left reveals a pencil sketch bust portrait of a young woman in profile, and the window on the right a horse head. The large center window reveals a printed Confederate 1st National Flag. Possibly nautical or possibly carved by a Union POW for a guard. Absolutely incredible workmanship and perfect condition with a nice mellow aged color. Descended through the Callaway family of Georgia and accompanied by an affidavit attesting to its lineage. Great piece of Civil war period Confederate folk art.

Civil War Scrimshaw Carved Sea Elephant Tooth Depicting a Confederate Steamer at Sea. 5½" long worked flat on one face to provide a viable surface on which to execute the carving. The ship is a two-masted, twin-stacked side wheel steamer, boldly flying the Confederate battle flag from the stern mast rigging. Smoke pouring fro the stacks with representation of ocean waves at the bottom. Carved at the upper left "Fairy" doubtless the name of the ship. Further carved on the back "Cork - Nassau" which we assume to be the ship's home ports and "Jan. '64". Wonderful condition with nice mellow patina, no chips or cracks and absolutely authentic period carving. The root end of the tooth is drilled with a small hole to allow it to be suspended. An affidavit from the Callaway family of Georgia accompanies the tooth detailing the lineage. A wonderful piece of Civil War folk art and extremely rare depicting uniquely Confederate motifs.

The Early Wartime Sash of General Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson - possibly worn by him at 1st Bull Run! For all of its complexities, one novel element of Stonewall Jackson's 1862 Maryland campaign was that, during the course of it, he gave away (or allowed to be souvenired) several parts of his uniform. At the very beginning, while on his way to Maryland, he was greeted by an enthusiastic band of young women in Martinsburg, Virginia, who with both charm and boldness, liberated the General's coat of all of its buttons in very short order (a phenomenon that was destined to recur on occasion). At the conclusion of the Maryland campaign, as a warm gesture of camaraderie, General Jackson presented to one of his line officers the revered "old gray cap" that had been made for him by his wife. However, sometime in between, as he passed through Frederick, Maryland, in early September of 1862, Thomas Jonathan Jackson apparently gifted his war-torn Mexican War vintage red worsted officer's sash to the great-grandfather of a fine Southern lady by the name of Katharine Grove Sailer.

Awarded prestigious listings in several editions of Who's Who in American Women, largely for her accomplishments and notoriety as a nationally recognized 1940s era portrait artist and educator, Ms. Sailer on April 22nd, 1983, penned the history of her family's treasure upon a piece of her mother's writing stationery from the Pratt Mansion in Queen Anne, Maryland, the ancestral home:

"This sash belonged to General Stonewall Jackson as he marched through Frederick, Md. From the collection of J. R. Grove's grandfather, Andrew Jackson Delashmutt of 105 South Market St. (later changed to 133) Frederick, Md. Mr. Delashmutt collected sabers, guns, etc. from the Civil War (Battle of Monocacy) and Mr. Grove used to play with these things in the attic as a child..."

John Robert Grove, per above, was Katharine Grove Sailer's father. His grandfather, Andrew Jackson Delashmutt, was born in 1825 and at the time of General Jackson's approach to Frederick in 1862 was a 36-year-old successful and well-to-do farmer and shoemaker. An outspoken Confederate sympathizer (he would later that year name a newborn son after General Robert E. Lee and, in 1864, be arrested by the Federal Provost Marshall in Frederick, seemingly on suspicion of conspiring to send monetary aid to the Confederacy), A. J. Delashmutt nonetheless ranked as one of Frederick's most prominent and respected townspeople until his death in 1896 and throughout the remainder of his life celebrated his love of the Confederacy by collecting its artifacts. Curiously, he rests in the same cemetery as Barbara Fritchie, who would have been his adversarial Unionist counterpart and contemporary.

Though the exact circumstances of how Delashmutt came to be in possession of the sash have been lost to history, it is probable that he was one of the citizens, who as a token of esteem and admiration, bestowed Stonewall Jackson with the infamous "large gray horse" the day he arrived at the outskirts of Frederick. If so, Jackson's characteristic reciprocity might easily be the answer to that question. Interestingly enough, in January of 1888, Andrew J. Delashmutt's daughter, Virginia, married one John R. Grove (his surname being a point of note here, as a Grove family had graciously interacted with General Jackson throughout his stay in Sharpsburg). John R. and Virginia Delashmutt Grove produced a son, John Robert Grove, who in turn fathered Katharine Grove on November 20th, 1921.

Katharine's written testimonial then continues: "The red wool sash was worn over the shoulder, tied at the waist. It has 2 tassels, each with some wire (gold/copper) decoration. About 4 inches wide and mended long ago, it is 6 feet, five and a half inches long...history told to me by my Father...J. R. Grove." [signed] "Katharine Grove Sailer."

To amplify her description a bit, the circa 1840s to 1850s sash is manufactured of blood red worsted wool that has been woven in a method commonly known as "sprang-work," a flexible style of net-like weaving that allows the material, though made of wool, to achieve a considerable stretch for the sole purpose of the comfort of the wearer. Though otherwise fairly typical of U.S. army regulation line and field officer sashes of the period, this specimen is further enhanced by a pattern of gold bullion coiled threads within the worsted wool balls of the tassels, a unique feature possibly inspired by the French influence on American uniforms of the day. Most telling, however, are the numerous old repairs found throughout the sash, being so consistent with General Jackson's reputation for frugality and practicality, personal qualities nearly as legendary as his brilliance as a military strategist.

A truly important relic, linked to one of the most significant figures of the Civil War and documented in clear linear descent by a very credible Maryland family. In 1925, the granddaughter of Thomas Jonathan Jackson presented to V.M.I. the dark blue frock coat and trousers worn by him at 1st Bull Run and thereafter. No cap or red sash accompanied them.

Superb Two-Piece Virginia State Seal Buckle. The buckle measures 50mm x 86mm, wreath height 59mm. This buckle type is listed as Plate 379 in Steve E. Mullinax's Confederate Belt Buckles & Plates, Alexandria: O'Donnell Publications, 1991 (Plate 418 in the expanded 1999 edition). It features a gilt cast brass plate with an applied die-stamped brass tongue disk. Each piece is numbered - the wreath "29", the plate "33". The Virginia state motto "Sic Semper Tyrannis" appears in raised letters on the buckle. This style of buckle is thought to have been marketed locally to officers of Virginia's prewar militia but was also used by the Confederacy during the Civil War. The belt comes with a letter of authenticity signed by Steve Mullinax, author and noted expert on Confederate buckles. The buckle is in fine condition.

CS "Line in the Hooks" Belt Plate (Mullinax Plate 111) Confederate waist belt plate in superb untouched non-dug condition. Virtually identical to the plate illustrated with wonderful deep chocolate brown patina, even retains a piece on the original leather belt under the hooks. None better.

Antietam battlefield pick-up Civil War cap box pierced through and through by a bullet. Although utilizing a brass finial and double belt loop, the crude hand stitching, lack of tool marks, beaded border on the flap and overall form and construction indicate the box is likely of Confederate manufacture. The box carries a verbal provenance of having been picked up on the Antietam battlefield by a federal surgeon who remained on the field to attend the wounded. The bullet clearly entered the front of the box and exited the rear. Overall very good sound untouched condition, just some crackling of the finish and flaking around the bullet hole. An unusual and rare Civil War artifact.

Civil War South Carolina Artillery Officer's Kepi. 1 3/8" gray wool band at the base, the crown of high quality red wool with the top of the crown made of the same gray wool as the base. Separately affixed, with stitches so small that they are barely detectable, is a 2" silver bullion palmetto tree designating South Carolina. The visor of the has is covered with black oil cloth on the top and green oil cloth on the bottom, stitched binding also of black oil cloth. The chinstrap, with two adjusting loops, is also composed of black oil cloth that is folded over to form a double thickness. The side buttons are missing. 1 5/8" high brown leather sweat band with white cotton body lining and gingham crown lining with a paste board stiffener. The hat is completely hand stitched. One small area on the palmetto tree where the bullion has worn through to the cloth core, body of the hat with a few scattered moth holes and one, approximately 1" square worn area where it has become a bit threadbare, on the left rear of the gray base. The hat stands 3" high at the front. An extremely rare and important piece of Confederate Civil War officer's headgear.

Rare Circa 1840 South Carolina Dragoon Helmet. This rather "streamlined" form was the standard for U.S. mounted units by the mid 1830s, representing an evolution from the more shape of helmets in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. This rare variant exhibits South Carolina devices on both the front plate and the cockade. The leather body has shrunken a bit, resulting in the brass comb, with star finial, becoming a bit loose, but quite sound. The body also shows a couple of very old small repairs, which are virtually undetectable from the outside. The crescent shaped front plate is attached to the helmet with large brass rivets and displays a separately affixed palmetto tree insignia representing the state seal of South Carolina. The brass band around the base and brass visor also affixed with large brass rivets. The underside of the visor retains most of the original green paint. The lining/sweat band is missing. A serrated edge leather cockade is attached to the side of the helmet, also displaying the palmetto tree state seal of South Carolina. Scaled brass chin straps with five pointed star side buttons. The small buckle and leather tab for closure are missing. The entire helmet is totally correct and original. A very rare piece of pre-war southern militia headgear.

Impeccably Provenanced and Authenticated Confederate Civil War Enlisted Man's Jacket. Accompanied by a Period Ink Tag which is Inscribed. "Rebel Coat Captured by the Union Soldiers at Cumberland Gap". The rarity and importance of this coat cannot be overstated, and it is, without question, one of the most thoroughly documented and authenticated Confederate enlisted uniform coats to have surfaced in the last ten years. The coat is accompanied by a complete "Analysis Report" from noted conservator Fonda Thompson which, along with a highly detailed declension of fabric, thread and method of construction states that "The materials in and construction of this Confederate jacket are consistent with Civil War era uniforms... The Confederate jacket is intact, as originally constructed with no major alterations or repairs." She further states that the jacket "had a period of use but exhibits very little deterioration or damage." The five page report is accompanied by five pages of detailed drawings of the coat.

Also included is a detailed letter of authentication from noted Confederate uniform authority Les Jensen. Mr. Jensen identifies five other known jackets which have strong similarities to this coat, generally accepted to be regular issue Confederate "depot" coats, but as yet unidentified as to their specific point of origin. The jacket is made of a light brown cotton with a six piece body, including two front panels, two side back panels and two back panels with a center seam. There were six buttons on the front, 5/8" of two piece iron construction with iron shanks, overpainted in yellow ochre. Three of the original buttons remains, one of which is detached. The standup collar is1 3/8" high at the front and 1½" at the rear, the jacket being lined with unbleached cotton. The jacket shows notable wear at the edges of the cuffs, with one small area of loss just above the right cuff, also a number of scattered small holes, minor. Overall really wonderful untouched condition and very sound. There is an outside pocket, set at an angle, low on the left breast, the pocket bag being made of the same material that lines the jacket.

The accompanying tag is 2 1/16" x 4 3/8", on light card board stock, and was obviously pinned to the coat at some point. There is some indication the coat might have been captured by members of either the 16th or 44th Ohio, in the actions leading up to the Battle of Ft. Donelson. Obviously, both the Thompson and Jensen letters accompany the coat, along with all other materials related to the coat's provenance. A truly rare opportunity for the Confederate, or advanced Civil War, collector.

Classic Civil War Confederate Cedar Wood Drum Canteen Bearing the Hand-Carved Legend "J. K. Pierce/ his/ canteen" on the Face and the Initials "L. B." on the Back. Unquestionably authentic and of the period. Pierce served in Company "E" of the 13th Texas Infantry. His records show that his enlistment began in the fall of 1861 and he served through the entire war. The 13th Texas remained in the state for the majority of the war, with a brief period of service in Louisiana in 1863. The canteen is in excellent tight untouched condition, retaining the three original strap loops and iron bands, which are which exhibit deep dark patina, there is no spout. The carving shows considerable honest wear and interestingly the N in canteen is reversed. A nice Confederate canteen with super ID.

Exceptional Virginia Buckle and Sword Belt Belonging to Colonel E. J. Harvie, Army of Tennessee. Also a Beautiful Pair of Eagle Head Spurs. Colonel Edwin James Harvie was Inspector General on General Joseph Johnston's headquarters staff. He was raised on Flat Creek Plantation at Chula, Virginia in Amelia County. The plantation remained in the family until 1967 at which time the contents were sold by a Richmond auction house. Many of Colonel Harvie's effects were sold at that time including the buckle and sword belt in this lot.

The buckle measures 50mm x 83mm, wreath height 50mm. This buckle type is listed as Plate 370 in Steve E. Mullinax's Confederate Belt Buckles & Plates, Alexandria: O'Donnell Publications, 1991 (Plate 409 in the expanded 1999 edition). It features a cast brass plate with a die-stamped brass tongue disk. The Virginia state motto "Sic Semper Tyrannis" appears in raised letters on the buckle. There are no maker's marks present but this style of buckle was common among various pre-war state and local Virginia militias and also widely used during the war. The original leather is in exceptional condition with only minor crazing and a few scuffs here and there. Two wonderfully ornate gilt-link sword hangers attached to leather slides remain on the belt. The belt and buckle come with a letter of authenticity signed by Steve E. Mullinax, author and noted expert on Confederate buckles. Also included is a notarized statement of provenance confirming that the buckle was indeed sold in the 1967 auction of the Harvie plantation.

Included with Harvie's belt and buckle are a pair of brass spurs with a beautifully detailed eagle's head motif. The spurs are not attributed to Col. Harvie but are a style frequently worn during the Civil War. The spurs are of two piece construction with the eagle's head and neck forming the shank which is attached to the winged embellished yokes. A delicate twelve-point rowel and original leather straps and buckles complete the spurs. While no maker's marks are present, it is obvious that these spurs are of exceptional quality. Though the leather straps are dry and slightly crazed, these spurs are otherwise in fine condition.

[General Ambrose Burnside] Brass Stirrups. A fine pair of well-worn brass stirrups sold with a notarized letter that reads: "On or about July 3, 1864...Charles A. Lovett was committed to the hospital out of Company G. Fourth Regiment, Tennessee Infantry Volunteers.... On or about September the eighteenth, eighteen hundred and sixty four...Charles A. Lovett...being a brick mason [sic] did reline certain bake ovens. On receiving congratulations from General Ambrose Everett Burnside...Lovett requested the saddle stirrups of General Burnside when the war ended...[on July 25, 1865] General Burnside presented to Charles A. Lovett as a trophy, for said service of relining these bake ovens, his saddle stirrups with which he had rode during the war...". The statement, signed by James E. Lovett, son of Charles A. Lovett, is dated March 30, 1938.

Virginia Military Institute Ironstone Meat Platter Used by Major General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson during his tenure on the faculty at VMI. 17" x 13¼", octagonal form marked "Real Ironstone China" with a die stamp on the reverse. Center section dished out to a depth of ¾". In blue, under the glaze on the back at the top rim is "V. M. I." in 5/8" high script letters, surrounded by a 1½" X 2 5/8" border of laurel leaves. According to the curator of the VMI museum this is the only known VMI marked China from this period in existence, circa 1840-1860. This plate was purchased from the Junkin/ Preston estate sale in February 1985, Junkin being the maiden name of Jackson's first wife. All of this information is written on a piece of tape on the back of the plate. Also included is an old ink tag which states "From House In Which Gen. 'Stonewall' Jackson Was Born Jan. 21, 1824 Clarksburg, W. Va.".

Jackson took a position as a professor at VMI in 1851. His remarkable Civil War history as Lee's "right arm" requires no embellishment, from earning the sobriquet of "Stonewall", given to him by General Bee at First Bull Run, to his untimely accidental death at Chancellorsville. The brigade he commanded at First Bull Run was the only unit in the Confederate Army to have its nickname become its official designation. Jackson was a deeply religious man, and rued having to fight on a Sunday, but few ever forgot their encounter with "those cold blue eyes of steel." His ferocious tenacity on the battlefield was matched by few combat commanders North or South. A rare opportunity to own a piece of history used by the man who stood at First Bull Run 'like a stonewall' and is equally rare and valuable as an historical artifact from the famed Virginia Military Institute.

Condition: Shows heavy honest use with considerable wear to the glaze on the face. Integrity effected by just one 3/8" X 5/8" chip on the underside of one corner, otherwise perfect. VMI logo bright with perfect glaze.

Rare Pattern Character Laden 32-Star American Flag Captured at 1st Bull Run by Thomas Cawood, Co. K, 3d Tennessee Infantry (Mounted) CSA. Cawood served with the 3d Tennessee until his discharge in 1864 and was present at 1st Bull Run. The flag is 43" on the hoist and 57" on the fly, constructed entirely by hand of cotton, exhibiting several different weaves. Thirty one 1¾" cotton stars with the large central star measuring 6" from tip to tip, the canton being 22½" x 24". Although originally constructed with six, it retains vestiges of five blue silk ties. The flag is accompanied by a late twentieth century ink note that was apparently at one point attached to the flag which states, "This flag was picked up on the battlefield of the First Battle of Manassas (sic) in 1861. By Thomas Cawood, a Confederate soldier and presented to Camel E. Warren by John Cawood", absolutely authentic and indigenous to this flag. The 32 star configuration was in use in 1858 - 59, with the admission of Minnesota. A number of small holes and one larger hole on the second white stripe, some tattering, primarily on the fly, obviously the result of honest use. Stars 100% intact, just some folding at the tips. Overall shows its great age but very sound with excellent color. Even retains two original tassels of four ply cotton cord.

The flag is accompanied by a detailed "Analysis Report" from noted conservator Fonda Thompson. The six-page. report is further accompanied by three pages of drawings. In addition to providing impeccable documentation of the flag's authenticity, Ms. Thompson further states that, because of the unique detail of the insertion of the canton at the fourth white stripe, previously noted on only one other 32 star flag, with a purportedly indigenous to Minnesota, it is possible, if not likely, that this flag was carried into battle by the famed 1st Minnesota Infantry at First Manassas. A great flag with superb Civil War history and impeccable documentation.

Elegant Civil War Presentation Sword and Scabbard to Major General John F. Reynolds, Distinguished and Gallant Union Army General, Whose Death is Closely Associated with the Battle of Gettysburg. The impressive pedigree accompanying this historic piece identifies and records it as considered among the most significant presentation inscribed swords of the famous collection of 800 American swords formed by the late Philip Medicus of New York City in the 1930s-1940s; a collection that to this day has never been equaled. Verification of that background is provided in the accompanying documents.

The massive brass "Statuary Hilt" has its entire sculptured brass grip cast in the form of the full standing draped female figure of American Liberty, holding a wreath in her right hand. The immense-sized, matching half-basket shaped guard is entirely sculptured in high relief floral motifs with an impressive, large American eagle with shield adorning its center; a smaller relief oval wreath and letters "US" at mid-point of knuckle bow. The 31-inch slightly curved, single edge blade is in excellent to mint condition, with profuse, fine quality, etched motifs on both sides: the obverse displaying a large, open-winged eagle and shield; a second shield with "US"; and a liberty cap mounted on halberd, surrounded by a cluster of stars. The base of blade marked in a panel: "W. H. HORSTMANN & SONS / PHILADELPHIA." The reverse of the blade is similarly decorated with engraved with floral scrolls, panoply of flags and military trophies and a large center panel with script "U.S." Etching is perfect and sharp; considerable traces of original gilt wash finish very evident. Accompanied by its original iron sheath (exc.); heavily ornamented with high relief brass overlays; the wide, fancy openwork center mount filling almost half its length and a notable brass lower mount. Upper mount is exceptional, depicting two female figures supporting an oval center plaque inscribed: "Presented To Brig. General John F. Reynolds By The Officers Of First Brigade Penna. Vol. Sept. 8, 1861."

General Reynolds (born Lancaster, PA 1820) achieved a career ranked among the most illustrious in the U.S. Army. Graduating from West Point in 1841, he served in Florida and subsequently in the military occupation of Texas in 1846 and then the Mexican War 1846-48, for which he was brevetted captain for gallantry at the Battle of Monterey and again brevetted major for gallantry at the Battle of Buena Vista Feb., 1847. Between wars he served in the West on important expeditions and Indian battles and in 1860 he was appointed Commandant of Cadets at West Point Military Academy. At the outbreak of the Civil War he was immediately appointed Lieut.-Col. May 14, 1861 and just three months later August 20, 1861 he was appointed BRIGADIER GENERAL OF U.S. VOLUNTEERS. It is important to note that on September 8, 1861 (the exact date that appears on this sword), Reynolds took command of the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps Brigade, which was then stationed on combat duty, defending the Union lines before Washington, D.C. and subsequently actively engaged in the Peninsular campaign killed while in command of his 1st Corps at the opening of the BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG ON JULY 1, 1863. (All this and much, much more is superbly described in detail in the Biographical Register of Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy by Gen'l G. W. Collum; 1891. (Copies of that bio and more from other important sources are included with the documents accompanying this historical sword). A monument erected to Reynolds memory stands today on the exact spot where he fell on the Gettysburg battlefield. He remained with the Pennsylvania Brigade through other actions until September, 1862 when placed in command of all Pennsylvania volunteer militia outfits and promoted major general and assigned to command the First Corps, Army of the Potomac.

An observation about the statutory hilt on this sword: It's intriguing when looking through the Civil War (1864) catalog of the famous Schuyler, Hartley & Graham of New York, that among the group of elegant, fancy presentation engraved swords is illustrated one with the identical grip (i.e. standing draped female figure of liberty holding a wreath in her right hand) that appears on this Gen'l Reynolds sword, photostat of that illustration is included for comparison.

Pedigree Of This General Reynolds Sword: The sword was a key item of the widely recognized, most famous collection of American swords ever formed (approximately 800 of them). Assembled by Mr. Philip Medicus of New York City; among the very first to recognize the importance of American swords in an era when the collecting of antique American arms was in its infancy. Philip Medicus began his collection during the 1930's; pursuing that field through his lifetime until his death in the late 1940's. The collection was then offered for sale in its entirety, but there were no takers in the immediate following years; American swords were yet to achieve a wide following at that time. In 1955 the vast collection was purchased in its entirety by well known antique arms dealer Norman Flayderman (at that time residing and operating his business in Maine). The importance of the collection was immediately recognized in LIFE Magazine whose editors dispatched a reporter and photographer to Maine to photograph and report on it. Subsequently, the LIFE issue of May 14, 1956 gave the collection due recognition in a full page spread and close-up illustrations of the three most famous swords in that collection, which included a photograph of this exact presentation sword to General Reynolds. (The original issue of the magazine is enclosed.)

Simultaneously, the national news media picked up the story of Mr. Flayderman's acquisition of the famous collection and articles about it appeared in various newspapers throughout the country as well.

The most popular, widely read periodical for men in those years of the 1950s was True Magazine (a Fawcett publication). They also picked up the story of the sword collection and it became the cover illustration and feature article in their August 1958 issue! The four most famous swords of the collection were pictured on the cover; among them was the General Reynolds sword (see photostats enclosed). A second, close-up photograph of it also was used in the lengthy, article inside entitled "BLADES OF GLORY."

The Earliest Cataloging Of The Gen'l Reynolds Sword: A photograph and description of this sword was prominently featured in the 1949 catalog of Francis Bannerman Sons of Broadway, New York City, the first and most famous of all the earliest dealers in antique military goods commencing business in 1865, their first catalog issued in the 1880's. Bannerman did not own (of offer for sale) the sword, they merely used it to add attraction to that 1949 catalog with proper credit given to Mr. Philip Medicus and his collection. (photostats of the catalog and cover also enclosed with the documents).

In the 1998 book American Swords From The Philip Medicus Collection (edited by Stuart Mowbray) which features almost the entire collection of Medicus swords (photographed in 1956 immediately after the acquisition). This Reynolds sword is seen illustrated in large, close detail.

Another widely respected work Steel Canvas: The Art Of American Arms by R. L. Wilson with Foreword by Chairman of Tiffany & Co., N.Y. (Random House, 1995). Devoted entirely to the most artistic and important antique American arms, the book garnered great press reviews. A fine color photograph of five important, fancy presentation American Civil War swords (page 344) includes this exact General Reynolds sword. (Color photostats enclosed here also).

Scoped Heavy Barrel Sharpshooter's Rifle By Horace Fox, Hydetown, Pennsylvania, with the Original Form Fitted Wooden Case. Although Fox operated in and around this location prior to 1855 it is interesting to note that a heavy barrel rifle, signed "H. Fox Foxburgh, Pa." (same period) was found after the Battle of Gettysburg, and is believed to have been used by a member of Berdan's Sharpshooters. This rifle was originally part of the famed Rosensteel Collection and displayed at the Gettysburg Visitor's Center. Although best known for their effective and lethal use of Sharp's rifles, Berdan's, as well as other Civil War sharpshooter units, continued to use these highly accurate, heavy barreled, rifles for long range shots throughout the course of the war. The extremely heavy barrel, and sophisticated scope, of this example clearly indicates it was designed to engage targets at very long range.

The rifle is 51¾" overall, the barrel is 34" including the false muzzle, and is a remarkable 2" across the flats, approximately .45 caliber. The back action, side hammer, 'mule ear' lock, the breech, breech tang, trigger guard and butt plate all exhibit engraved decoration. All fitting are iron. The nicely figured walnut stock is about mint, retaining most of the original varnish. Fitted with iron pipes under the barrel for a wooden ramrod, which is now missing. The 34" iron tube scope is ¾" in diameter and fitted with optics producing rather strong magnification. The scope is adjustable for both elevation and windage. Signed on the left side of the barrel "Horace Fox/ Hydetown/ Pa." and "Cast Steel". The rifle is in superb untouched condition. All metal w/smooth dark patina, absolutely no rust or pitting. Mechanically perfect, mint bore. The original period wooden storage/carrying case is custom made for this gun with specific cutouts for the scope, trigger guard etc., and retains most of the original old black painted finish. Rifles such as this were deadly in the hands of trained sharpshooters on both sides throughout the war, especially in the trenches at Petersburg. A really incredible American rifle that could very well have seen Civil War service. Most impressive.

US M1861 .58 Caliber Rifled Musket with Tag Affixed to Forestock, "From Willoughby Run/ Gettysburgh July 3rd/ 87". The gun is set on half cock and is complete with the exception of the nose cap and ramrod, completely untouched "as found." The action at Willoughby Run, on the morning of July 1, 1863, heralded the opening of the the three day conflagration that was to follow. This initial engagement involved dismounted Federal cavalry commanded by John Buford facing the Confederate infantry of General Henry Heth. The cavalrymen were able to hold their ground until the arrival of the leading division of General John Reynolds's First Corps came in line to assist. General Reynolds was killed in the subsequent assault against the Confederate positions.

All metal on the gun deep dark color with overall light pitting. The wood, although weathered, is actually very good and retains clear inspectors' cartouches, just some scattered small gouges and dings. The lock marks cannot be discerned but the gun was apparently a contract as neither of the inspectors' cartouches are from Springfield armory. "US" still visible on the butt plate tang and the rifling is still visible in the bore. Doubtless used by either a Confederate or a member of the First Corps as the other Federal troops engaged were cavalrymen, not armed with rifled muskets. An absolutely wonderful early Gettysburg battlefield pick up.

Historically Important, Previously Unknown/ Unpublished, Carte de Visite by Tyson Brothers, Gettysburg of the Rear of the Barn on the Leister Farm, Probably August 1863. Possibly November 1863, but the leaves on the trees would certainly indicate the earlier date. Essentially ignored, in terms of their historical context for 110 years, the encyclopedic work of William Frasanito, finally provided detailed historical documentation of all the known period images associated with the battlefield. Since Mr. Frasanito's landmark research, several previously unknown views have surfaced, this being the most recent. It is generally assumed these previously unknown images were the result of a broken wet plate negative, thus precluding their publication, or they were simply found to commercially undesirable and prints were not produced for sale. Previously known views show the front and side facades of the barn, while this views reveals the rear of the barn and a small white clapboard out building in the right foreground. Careful examination indicates the side of the barn has been damaged, doubtless by shell fire from the Confederate bombardment of July 3.

Fine condition, imprint, "From/ Tyson Brothers/ Gettysburg, Pa." on the reverse. A heretofore unknown page in the photographic history of Gettysburg.

Another Rare Tyson Brothers Image, This One of Meade's Headquarters, The Leister Farm House, Probably August 1863. Although one would assume the Tyson's did a brisk business selling views of the the important points on the battlefield to the throngs of early "tourists," the images from this series are very scarce with only a handful of known surviving specimens. Mrs. Lydia A. Leister abandoned her farm, on the Taneytown Road, July 1st with the commencement of the battle. Several hours before dawn on July 2, Union commander Major General George Gordon Meade arrived on the field and selected this centrally located farm house as his headquarters, where he remained through July 3. Mrs. Leister returned to her farm shortly after the battle to a scene of utter devastation. The earthen mounds, in front of the house, are either the result of burying dead horses or redigging the farm house well which, according to Mrs. Leister's account, was tainted by the decomposing carcasses scattered about the yard. A number of views of the Leister farm were executed by Gardner/ O'Sullivan, as well as the Tysons, this being one of the scarcest. Very fine condition, with Tyson imprint on the verso.

Rare Carte de Visite view of Camp Letterman Hospital by Tyson Brothers, Gettysburg. This view shows a large tent in the left foreground, another tent, with the front flaps open and wreaths suspended of the front, characteristic of the facilities at Letterman. A large American flag is suspended between two trees. With thousands of severely wounded soldiers requiring care after the battle, including many Confederates, on July 5, Army of the Potomac Medical Director, Dr. Jonathan Letterman, issued orders for the establishment of a general hospital at Gettysburg. The site chosen for this vast facility was the George Wolfe farm, about 1½" miles east of Gettysburg on the York Pike. The hospital was ready and staffed by mid-July, with a steady stream of ambulances bringing the wounded to the hospital from the surrounding area, where they had been cared for since the battle. Its work completed, having treated thousands of the wounded and dying, the hospital was closed by the end of November 1863. Fine condition, imprint of the reverse, "From/Tyson Brothers/Gettysburg, Pa." A rare Gettysburg photograph.

Abner Doubleday Twice Signed Civil War Carte-de Visite. 2.5" x 3.75". Brady's National Photographic Portrait Galleries, New York backmark. Signed, in ink "A. Doubleday / Major Genl. Vol." on the lower margin and on the verso. Top corners slightly trimmed, else fine.

In addition to his association with the development of baseball, Abner Doubleday was also a noted general in the Civil War. He is credited with firing the first shot in the defense of Fort Sumner, the opening battle of the war and he had a pivotal role in the early fighting at the Battle of Gettysburg. In this fine image of Doubleday we find him posed in uniform frock coat with his right hand tucked into his jacket - a pose popular in the 19th century. Appropriately, the CDV is accompanied by a first day cover commemorating the Baseball Centennial in 1839. The cover is postmarked June 12, 1939 from Cooperstown, New York.

"To Capt. A. Doubleday 1st Artillery U. S. Army, April 12, 1861", is the Engraved Legend on the Rim of the Presentation Mount of this Bronze Fort Sumter Medal. A total of ten of these extremely rare second class medals were awarded to the officers under Major Robert Anderson's command when the fort was attacked on April 12, 1861, Doubleday being Anderson's executive officer. A single first class medal was awarded to Anderson himself (which will be offered in a Heritage Auction later this tear) with 24 smaller third and 51 fourth class medals presented to the garrison's NCOs and enlisted men. The design production and issuance of these medals was approved by the New York Chamber of Commerce on 6 June 1861, with the actual presentation of the medals scheduled for May 1, 1862. After considerable research we are of the opinion that the way the medal is currently exhibited, in the exquisite heavy brass table mount inscribed on the top edge, is the way it was presented to Doubleday on that date (or shortly thereafter). The ring in which the medal is mounted can be removed from the base, the medal being pressed into place. The entire mount is beautifully made and unquestionably period.

Abner Doubleday, of course, aimed and fired the first shot from Fort Sumter in response to the Confederate bombardment. He was appointed brigadier general on February 3, 1862 and major general in March 1863, primarily as a result of his gallant conduct at Antietam. At Gettysburg, on July 1, upon the death of General John Reynolds, Doubleday found himself in command of the 1st Corps, although fighting bravely, and holding their ground in the morning, the Corps was finally overwhelmed by vastly superior Confederate numbers, and forced to retreat through town to defensive positions on Cemetery Hill. Doubleday remained in regular army service until his retirement in 1873. Interestingly, while stationed in San Francisco in 1870 he patented a cable that still runs in the city today. His most enduring legacy, however, is related to baseball, the game he is credited with inventing in Cooperstown, New York in 1839. The medal and mount are both in superb untouched condition with a very pleasing patina. A remarkable piece of Civil War history in the context of both its importance to the Civil War, and its relationship to the history of baseball.

Fantastic George A. Custer War Date Signed Albumen Image. 4.25" x 6.75", mounted on board. A superb Gardner image (also attributed to Brady) of Custer mounted on his horse taken at General Alfred Pleasonton's headquarters at Falmount, Virginia during the first week of June, 1863. Custer has boldly signed the image in the lower margin "Truly your / G. A. Custer / A.D.C.". The image has been trimmed from the larger photograph that includes General Pleasonton in the scene. In trimming the "T" of "Truly" has been slightly clipped.

Custer probably signed this image during the month of June, 1863 for on the 26th he received word that he had been promoted to the rank of brigadier general, making him the youngest general in the army and causing him to be known as the "Boy General". The horse on which Custer is mounted is likely the horse shot out from under him on the first day of the Battle of Gettysburg as he charge Confederate cavalry at Hunterstown, Pennsylvania. This brief engagement, for which he was cited for gallantry, cost Custer 32 of his men.

Civil War-era Custer signed images are quite desirable and becoming quite rare. This desirable image is slightly soiled otherwise it is in very good condition. The image has been sealed in a clear protective sleeve.

Scarce Period Carte de Visite Bust Portrait of Jennie Wade, the Only Civilian Killed During The Battle, by Tyson Brothers oOf Gettysburg. Interestingly the moniker "Jennie" was the result of a typo in the original newspaper accounts, her name actually being Ginnie (Virginia). The Tyson Brothers were quick to recognize the potential for profit in providing this image for sale soon after the battle. In a poignant irony, her fiancé had been wounded two weeks earlier at Winchester, he died of his wounds on July 12, 1863, unaware of Ginnie's death. Today Ginnie lies buried in Gettysburg's Evergreen Cemetery, close to her fiancé Fine condition, just some minor scattered foxing. Period ink ID on the front with further period ink information on the verso. Imprint on the back, "From/ Tyson Brothers/ Gettysburg, Pa." Very scarce early Gettysburg image.

CDV of Confederate Amputee Soldier R. T. Gilbert ca 1860s. Rare CDV photograph of identified Confederate soldier, R. T. Gilbert of Dougherty County, Georgia. Enlisted on 6/21/1861 as a private in Company "D" 18th Infantry Georgia. He was listed as POW 7/2/1863 in Gettysburg, Pa., and severely wounded in right leg, amputated and exchanged 11/12/1863. Place not listed. Transferred into Veteran reserve Corps on 11/4/1864.

Condition: Very fine.

The Incredible Prisoner-of-War Archive of an Ohio Civil War Officer - Lt. Josephus F. Schuyler, Co. I, 123rd O.V.I. - an historic and unique collection composed of three separate yet integral parts! On June 15th, 1863, the 123rd Ohio Infantry was captured at the battle of Winchester, Virginia. Among the many officers sent to Libby Prison was Lt. Josephus F. Schuyler, a tough but sentimental soul who dealt with his ordeal by collecting autographs and photographs and carving on bone, a diversion he pursued even as he was transferred to Confederate prisons in Georgia and South Carolina. That this material has survived completely intact and undisturbed over the last 140-plus years is as much a miracle as this officer having survived the rigors of prison life himself. A spectacular Civil War POW archive of great historical import, complete with Schuyler's Ohio military commissions and other significant ephemera.

The Photograph Album:
Twenty of the 25 officers shown in the Carte de Visite images amassed by Lt. Schuyler and preserved in his leather-covered album were prisoners of war. Many had been wounded. Some would soon be exchanged. Others would not. Some would sicken and die. Two would escape. One would later fall in battle. Most made it home. Each annotated on the obverse in the Lieutenant's personal hand, the vast majority of the cartes are from his own 123rd Ohio Infantry regiment. Three other officers pictured served with the 2nd Ohio Cavalry and the 3rd and 49th Ohio Infantry, the latter killed at Resaca. An officer of the 107th Pennsylvania was captured at Gettysburg, and the incarcerated Regimental Quartermaster of the 15th Illinois inscribed his photograph "Fellow Mush Eater." All these men were the friends and "fellow mush eaters" of Lt. Schuyler, who never forgot the importance of their shared experience nor the impact it had on his life.

[Special note: A complete listing of all 25 CdVs, including scans of the front and back of each, is available upon request.]

The Bone Carvings:
The creations born of the skill of Josephus F. Schuyler's pocketknife are nothing less than bonafide works of art. His hand was that of a master craftsman, particularly expert in bas-relief renderings. Most everything he carved, from cutlery to barrettes to rings to crochet needles, was intended for his future wife, Miss Sarah Febles, whom he married immediately upon his return from parole camp. He had been imprisoned for 21 months.

Included among his smaller carvings are three crochet hooks, a working hinged barrette, a simple finger ring, a patriotic star with blue-painted intaglio center and integral mounts, a 123rd Ohio regimental badge with relief "123" and improvised pin fastener, and a charming miniature book embellished with both "LIBBY PRISON" and the name of his beloved "SARAH," which opens to reveal an encased gem-size tintype portrait of himself. Amid Lt. Schuyler's larger carvings are a butter knife and a garnish fork, the latter reading "LIBBY PRISON" with his initials "J.F.S." Additionally, there are three letter openers of various sizes, one plain with an old twine threaded repair, and two emblazoned with "LIBBY PRISON/LIEUT. / J. F. SCHUYLER" and "CAPTURED AT/WINCHESTER/JUNE 15TH, 1863."

Most extraordinary is a very special set of napkin rings, all cut in sequence from the same piece of bone with individual decoration on each, plus carved on the bottom ring "LIBBY/LIEUT. J.F. SCHUYLER O.V.I./PRISON." Finally, there is Lieutenant Schuyler's masterpiece, a fabulous multi-tiered 4.5-inch tall pincushion tower with incorporated Federal motifs and a barred window with pillared panels, fashioned and made for his dear Sarah from pieces of bone and a tiny bit of uniform cloth, in which he combined his detailed bas-relief carving with intricate, pierced open-work designs, spelling out "LIBBY" and "PRISON" and commemorating the dates when he actually entered his confinement "JUNE 23/1863" and was at last forever released from it "MARCH 1/1865."

The Autograph Book:
Composed of about 85 to 90 sheets of crudely bound letter stationery, and measuring approximately 5 inches by 8 inches, Lt. Josephus F. Schuyler's Libby Prison autograph book, with its phenomenal pen and ink frontispiece, contains over 250 names of officers from 24 states of the Union, each signature individually inscribed with its own distinctive style and flourish, with each and every man having a story that begs to be told and deserves to be heard. A brigadier general from Maine (General Neal Dow) who signed and dated the book the day before he was exchanged for the son of Confederate General Robert E. Lee. A Pennsylvania major who found himself in Rebel hands while on the battlefield of Gettysburg. A written record with the substance, adventure, and human interest of a thousand novels. Years later, Lt. Schuyler would tip in his own photograph to the inside front cover and attempt to affect some repairs to his aging treasure. Now thoroughly and archivally restored with a custom-fitted hard-shell storage case, his POW autograph book will endure the test of time.

[Special note: A comprehensive listing of all 250-plus signatures, including scans of the pertinent pages, is available upon request.]

Civil War Era Headquarters Flag of Battery "A" 1st Massachusetts Light Artillery. Amongst the rarest of all Civil War flags are the silk painted company level standards. The 1st Mass Light had a superb record, being engaged in all the major combat actions of the Army of the Potomac, beginning with the Peninsula Campaign, till their muster out on October 19, 1864, including, Antietam, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg. Originally equipped with four 10 lb. Parrots and two 12 lb. howitzers, the battery subsequently was issued six 12 lb. Napoleons after the Peninsula Campaign. The flag is of all silk construction, 30" on the hoist and 38" on the fly. Both sides beautifully hand painted with the Massachusetts state seal, with crossed cannons, all inside a wreath of acanthus leaves and berries, surrounded by five pointed stars. The riband on the front bears the legend "Battery A 1st Batt. Light Artillery M. V. M." and the one on the reverse the state motto. The narrow foldovers on the edges are all neatly hand stitched. Overall quite sound, a few cracks and a few areas of loss on the painted portion as can be seen in the photographs. Generally, however, far superior to the condition normally encountered on these rare flags. Doubtless a candidate for professional mounting and restoration, the paint is bright and beautifully executed and completely untouched. Assuming the circle of stars (37) is of specific, rather than generic, significance, it is probable that this flag was produced at the very end of the war, doubtless to replace the tattered standard carried by the unit through four years of combat. Still, an extremely rare and important Civil War associated flag.

Minié Ball Lodged in Wood from Culp's Hill, Battle of Gettysburg, 1863. The wood block, 4" x 3", in which the ball rests, has an old paper label that reads, "From a tree on Culp's Hill Gettysburg". The ball is secured with a pin.

During the Battle of Gettysburg ( July 1- July 3, 1863), Culp's Hill was a critical part of the Union Army defensive line, the right flank, or "barbed" portion of what is described as the "fish-hook" line. Holding the hill was by itself unimportant because its heavily wooded sides made it unsuitable for artillery placement, but its loss would have been catastrophic to the Union Army. It dominated Cemetery Hill and the Baltimore Pike, the latter being critical for keeping the Union army supplied and for blocking any Confederate advance on Baltimore or Washington, D.C.

The Confederates desperately tried to take the hill, but were repulsed by the tenacious Union forces. Confederate losses at Culp's Hill included approximately 2,000 men and additional 800 fell from the reinforcing brigades on July 3. The Union XII corps lost about 1,000 men over both days. One observer summed up the futility of this fighting: "The wonder is that the rebels persisted so long in an attempt that the first half hour must have told them was useless."

Culp's Hill became a prime tourist attraction after the battle. It was close to the town and, unlike most battles in open fields, it was heavily wooded and the extreme firepower took a very visible toll on the trees, some of which were completely sheared off. One Union division alone on July 3 reported that they expended 227,000 rounds. It took over twenty years before the scars of battle faded.

Historic Set of Civil War Crutches Presented to Medal Of Honor Winner General John C. Robinson by His Son and A. D. C. Lieutenant Erastus Robinson. A small, heavily worn, silver plaque, which is affixed to the hand hold of one of the crutches, is engraved in period script, "Genl J. C. Robinson/ from/ Lieut. E. R. Robinson A. D. C." Careful examination of the other crutch clearly shows there was another plaque affixed to that one as well, which is now missing. These crutches were doubtless presented to General Robinson shortly after his wounding at Alsop's Farm which resulted in the amputation of his left leg, after which he retired from the service. Erastus Robinson enlisted in the 1st Michigan Infantry on January 12, 1862 and was promoted to 2d lieutenant on April 5, 1862. On May 20, 1862 he transferred to his father's staff as A. D. C. a position he held sporadically until accompanying his father to Washington, D. C. after he was wounded. Erastus was commissioned a lieutenant in the U. S. Marine Corps on July 23, 1864. Logically these crutches would have been presented prior to that date, while he was still serving as his father's A. D. C. Interestingly, along with the extensive paperwork/records on both Erastus and the general, the crutches are accompanied by a copy of a photograph showing General Robinson, as an elderly man, holding what are clearly these crutches.

John C. Robinson served in the Mexican and Seminole Wars and commanded Ft. McHenry at the outbreak of the Civil War. After serving as Colonel of the 1st Michigan Infantry, Robinson was promoted to brigadier General on April 28, 1862. He served ably and gallantly in command of a brigade in the Army of the Potomac through the Seven Days, 2d Manassas and at Gettysburg where, in fighting on the first day Robinson's command captured a large part of Iverson's brigade. He was awarded the Medal of Honor for his bravery at Alsop's farm where he was severely wounded.

The crutches clearly show heavy use with the inscription on the silver plaque heavily worn but fully legible. The crutches appear to be made of oak and retain much of the original light brown grain painted finish. They are fitted with engraved silver plated furniture where the hand holds are affixed to the uprights, and where the uprights attach to the shoulder cradles. A most unusual and historic artifact with impeccable provenance.

Civil War Officer's Folding Wooden Camp Cot with Wonderful Period ID to Lieutenant Isaiah Conley of the 101st Pennsylvania Infantry. Folds into three sections, 94" long when opened, 29" wide. The head portion opens to and approximately 45 degree angle. Folding legs 17" high. The entire cot is covered with an iron wire mesh which, in essence, served as the "box spring" and apparently used with a mattress. Appears to be made of maple with cast iron brackets at the hinged points where it folds. Neatly painted in black on one side "1st Lt. I. Conley/ Co. G 101st Pa. Inft.", showing consistent and absolutely authentic and of the period. Perfect condition overall.

Conley enrolled in the 101st Pa. as a 2d lieutenant on February 20, 1862 and was promoted to first lieutenant on January 21, 1863, logically the point at which he acquired this cot the ID includes his rank as 1st lieutenant. Conley served with the regiment until his capture, along with most of the regiment, at Plymouth North Carolina on April 20, 1864. He remained a prisoner until November of 1864 when, according to his records he "Escaped from rebel prison and reached Union lines November 13, 1864." The 101st was heavily engaged during the period prior to Conley's capture including actions at Chantilly, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. He was promoted to captain May 17, 1865 and mustered out June 25, 1865. A very rare piece of Civil War officer's equipment with wonderful ID to an officers who served gallantly through most of the major battles of the Army of the Potomac. One of only a few examples known with integral period ID.

Cased Quarter Plate Tintype of Union Chasseur Lieutenant. The baggy trousers and lower leggings worn by this officer indicates membership in a stylish regiment conscious of the latest French military fashion. A clear "12" within a wreath adorns the front of his kepi, while a row of three-piece staff buttons and first lieutenant's shoulder straps grace his frock coat. He also wears what is likely a New York sword belt plate. Lightly tinted with gold paint highlighting metallic elements. Case missing lid, else excellent condition and worthy of research.

Cased Sixth Plate Tintype of Federal Camp Scene. Soup's on for this hungry squad of seasoned Yankee infantrymen. Eleven fellows, including a junior officer and two sergeants, hover near a kettle filled with lord-knows-what. A square of hardtack rests upon a non-com's knee, while a comrade to his rear holds a canteen. This scene was repeated thousands of times each day during the war, however rarely entered the photographic record. Somewhat dark with two small pushes from the back visible at an angle. The emulsion, however, is intact and the image's surfaces are excellent. Leather loss to one corner of case.

Identified 93rd Pennsylvania Infantry Soldier Killed at Wilderness: Quarter Plate Hand-Tinted Tintype. 3.25" x 4.25", in lower portion of case, fine.

This sharp image features Edgar W. H. Stambach of the 93rd Pennsylvania posed with a comrade. The men are posed standing, one with rifle by his side and the very model of a soldier; the other with less regard to his appearance. The image is sharp enough to make out the details of the belt, uniforms, accoutrements, and badges on both men's kepis. A hand-tinted United States flag can be seen on the painted studio background. The image retains the brass mat with floral design. Affixed to the rear of the tintype is small article clipped from a contemporary newspaper concerning Stambach. It reads: "Edgar W. H. Stambach, (a Reading...soldier) has again returned to the Regiment. He was wounded at the battle of Fair Oaks, and is yet suffering much inconvenience from this wound, but like a true Spartan, would not rest until he had once more rejoined the "boys." He is now acting in place of Sergeant-Major Trafford, who had gone home recruiting." Stambach was killed May 5, 1864 at the Battle of the Wilderness.

Full Plate Tintype: National Grays 1st Regiment, Philadelphia Militia, ca. 1870s. On September 4th, 1862, the Governor of Pennsylvania issued a proclamation calling on all able bodied men to arm, and prepare to defend themselves and recommended the immediate formation of 1st regimental companies.

A beautiful full plate tintype in period frame of a 1st Regiment Militia soldier, he is holding a Springfield percussion rifle with bayonet and also wearing a belt with bayonet holster. The belt has a gilded belt buckle; jacket and arm sleeves have numerous gilded buttons. His dress hat has a fancy wreath with No. 1 in middle gilded. Great full size tintype. Frame measures approximately 12" x 14".

Condition: Tintype has some light creases, frame has some chips.

Johnny Clem "The Little Drummer Boy" Carte de Visite, Treadwell & Peaslee, Indianapolis, Indiana backmark, 1863. A fine war-date image of the celebrated Clem. A period inscription on the verso dates and names the subject. Browning, edge chips. Good condition. John Lincoln Clem (1851 - 1937) possessed enough grit to literally fight his way through the Civil War despite the disadvantages of extreme youth and small stature. He would retire a U. S. Army major general in 1916.

Johnny Clem "The Little Drummer Boy" Carte de Visite, Schwing & Rudd, Army of the Cumberland backmark, 20th century identification inscription on verso. Light soiling, blue ink stains on face, some chipping to edges of print. Overall good condition. The diminutive John Lincoln Clem (1851 - 1937) served at a drummer for the 22nd Michigan Infantry and stayed with the U. S. Army until retiring as a major general in 1916. He is shown here as a Union sergeant. Despite his age and size, Clem participated in many a battle and certainly deserved his stripes.

Union Infantry Soldiers With Muskets Quarter Plate Tintype. An exceptional hand-tinted image of two seated Union soldiers with muskets and fixed bayonets. This wonderfully sharp image reveals a wealth of details including the soldier's Hardee style hats with infantry insignia, their belt plates, cartridge boxes and weapons. Noteworthy is the fact that each soldier has a knife tucked into his belt. This beautiful image comes housed in the bottom half of a leather case with the original gilt brass frame and decorative mat.

Half-Plate Tintype and CDV of Union Sailor. Unidentified sailor is featured in two images. Both studio photos feature a young Union sailor with flag, standing in front of a painted backdrop of a ship's deck. Tintype bears significant scratches; includes original thermoplastic Union case (separated). CDV is lightly age toned. Overall very good.

Quarter Plate Tintype of Federal Musicians in Camp. A rare outdoors image in which three Yankee bandsmen sit before their tent. Two brass instruments hang from nearby trees while a third horn dangles from a tent rope. Their uniform buttons are painted gold while their trousers are tinted a light blue. A somewhat dark photograph behind glass in original stamped brass mat.

Cased Quarter Plate Tintype of Union Drummer Boy. The age-old tradition of sending regimental drummers into battle ended with the Civil War. This stalwart teenager probably didn't realize that he was among the last of a noble breed when this excellent studio portrait was made. He stands with his instrument before a martial backdrop complete with the American flag. Especially nice here is the high visibility of the drum's painted eagle and shield decoration. Smooth emulsion, some wear to case.

Cased Quarter Plate Tintype of Two Wounded Union Soldiers. Cripples and amputees have come to symbolize the Civil War's wounded. These lucky guys, however, are standing tall with bandaged index fingers and intact limbs. There is a story here we'll probably never know. A penciled name, "Harry Bradbury", is inscribed on the case behind the image. Both subjects are wearing standard Federal nine-button frock coats and regulation trousers. Housed in a decorative thermoplastic case. A few light scratches - one over the face of a soldier - and chipping to extremities of case.

Quarter Plate Tintype of Double-Armed Union Cavalryman. An exceptionally fine studio portrait wherein a trooper stands before a white backdrop supporting a real United States flag as opposed to the painted ones usually seen. This Yankee horse soldier is ready for action as is evidenced by his drawn saber and unholstered revolver. His belt buckle is too square for a Model 1851 sword belt plate and is likely of New York or Massachusetts issue. Buttons, kepi insignia, shoulder scales and belt plate are all painted gold. Excellent contrasts for a tintype. Case missing lid.

Quarter Plate Ambrotype of Union Drummer Boy. Today, this earnest young man would be too young to legally drive a car or buy a beer. In the 1860s, however, teenagers such as he were considered old enough to guide and inspire infantry on the most gruesome of killing fields. He poses here with his instrument, which is painted with an American shield and eagle. The words "Infantry Regiment" are legible under magnification, however the state and numerical designations are not visible. Of special interest is the drumstick holder on his sling. All brass elements are highlighted with gold paint. The image is housed in a thermoplastic case embossed with scrolled foliate designs. Somewhat dark image with haloing, underside of case lid missing velvet pad.

Quarter Plate Tintype of Mounted Union Cavalryman. It is truly remarkable that any equestrian portraits were made in an era when photographic equipment was cumbersome and the subjects were required to be still for an eternity. This rare outdoor image captures a fresh-faced Yankee trooper and his steed amid a shattered Southern landscape. Gold paint has been judiciously applied to accentuate the saber, horse tack and kepi insignia, while the ground is tinted green. Behind original brass matt placed in much later open wooden frame. The image enjoys excellent surfaces.

Cased Sixth Plate Tintype of Union Bugler-cum-Infantryman. Studio images of armed Yankees are hardly rare whereas those of military musicians are quite scarce. A photograph of an armed musician, though, is almost unheard of. This fierce lad grips a bugle in his right hand while holding a musket fixed with bayonet in his left hand. Perhaps the weapon was a photographer's prop. Or, perhaps the bugle was for that matter. Insignia, buttons and oval belt plate are painted gold per the day's custom. Excellent tonal contrasts for a tintype. Case missing lid.

Cased Sixth Plate Ambrotype of Union Drummer. The dark patch on this young man's drum head belies plenty of practice. The subject is well outfitted according to Uncle Sam's regulations of the day. Attractive blue haloing enhances excellent tonal contrasts and clarity. Wear and light chipping to case.

Sixth Plate Tintype of Two Union Soldiers on Beach. Civil War soldier portraits taken outdoors are rare enough, however candid shots by the seashore are almost unheard of. Here two Yankees armed with muskets and laden with accoutrements are seen against the natural backdrop of a gentle surf. One fellow sucks on a pipe nearly as long as his bayonet. Behind glass in stamped brass mat. A few unobtrusive marks visible only when angled to light.

Invalid Union Soldiers Carte de Visite, J. Gurney & Son backmark, New York, for the U. S. Sanitary Commission Fair of April, 1864. The three disabled men posing here are identified by a verso inscription as Thomas Plunkett (21st Massachusetts), William A. McNulty (10th New York), and William R. Mudge (2nd Massachusetts). Light aging and wear, very good condition. Plunkett, a prewar mechanic, is the double-amputee; Mudge, a former photographer, is the blind fellow.

Cased Ninth Plate Tintype of Wounded Union Soldier Back on Duty. This very rare image depicts an infantry corporal who has survived a gunshot would to the face. Scar tissue and sagging skin beneath the sitter's left eye bear testimony to severe trauma in the not-too-distant past. To have been back in uniform following his ordeal indicates sincere devotion to patriotic duty. Huzzah for this brave lad! Lightly tinted and in excellent condition. Case lid needs to be attached.

Two Quarter Plate Tintypes of Identified 5th Michigan Cavalry Trooper. Bearded and burley, Isaac Crawford looks every inch the blacksmith he was upon joining Company "A" of George A. Custer's hard-riding 5th Michigan Cavalry. Both of the images - one I.D.'d on the back - show Crawford in uniform. One photograph has him standing in a slouch hat, while the second image depicts him seated in a kepi. The latter portrait also includes his saber, Model 1851 sword belt plate, and holstered revolver. However posed, the formidable Private Crawford would have been the stuff of Confederate nightmares! Crawford's tintypes exhibit some hairline emulsion loss from creasing and are within stained brass mats. Included with this lot are Crawford's postwar pension application and a photograph of his 1916 Masonic headstone.

Tintype Ninth Plate of Soldier with Lock of Hair, 2" x 2.5", framed to 2.5" x 3". The soldier's image is accompanied by a lock of his hair. The gilded frame is housed in a leather case. The tintype is fine with minor scratches; the case is fine with some soiling.

Brady Carte de Visite of "Drummer Boy of the Rappahannock" Robert Hendershot. When the Civil War broke out, young Robert Henry Hendershot was determined to join the fight. Although his true age is in question, he was probably about twelve when, in the fall of 1861, a company from Hendershot's town left the state and headed to the front with Hendershot tagging along behind. The officers repeatedly sent him home, but he was undaunted. Hendershot eventually joined Company B, 9th Michigan Infantry. In a skirmish at Murfreesboro, Tenn., he was captured and sent to Camp Chase, Ohio, to await exchange, but slipped away and re-enlisted in the 8th Michigan Infantry on Aug. 19, 1862, just in time for the Battle of Fredericksburg. There he went house to house, helping to rout Confederates. In one house he encountered a Rebel with a shotgun, but Hendershot was able to force the man's surrender. He then personally escorted his prisoner to the Lacy House (Chatham), where he presented him to Gen. Ambrose Burnside. Hendershot remained at the front and was slightly wounded two days later in the Union attacks on Marye's Heights. As a result, he was discharged on Dec. 27, and his fame spread across the country. When he reached Washington, he was hailed as a hero, dining with President Lincoln and appearing as a guest at both houses of Congress. Later, when visiting New York, Horace Greeley of the New York Tribune presented Hendershot with a beautiful new drum. Capitalizing on the boy's popularity, showman Phineas T. Barnham engaged Hendershot to play his drum at Barnham's museum. In the years following the Civil War, a poem and a play were written about Hendershot, extolling his courage as the "Drummer Boy of the Rappahannock." This exceptional full-length image features Hendershot in full uniform, leaning on the fancy drum given him by Horace Greeley, and holding a large flag. Minor wear. Fine condition. An excellent addition to any Civil War collection!

William H. Seward (1801-72) Photographic Negative. At the time of the Lincoln assassination, Secretary of State Seward was the second most important official of the United States and had narrowly lost the Republication nomination for president five years earlier. On the night of April 14, 1865, he lay in his bed badly injured from a terrible carriage accident that had left him with a broken right arm and a fractured jaw. His arm had been set and his lower jaw and neck had been encased in an elastic wire bandage. While Seward slept he became the target of a vicious attack by Lewis Paine, one of John Wilkes Booth's conspirators. Paine slashed Seward's face with a knife, but because of the bandage the assassination attempt was unsuccessful. In his few remaining years of life Seward would not allow the right side of his face with its ugly knife scar to be photographed.

This Brady negative shows the undamaged left side of Seward's face and presents the secretary of state as an old and infirm man, the result of that horrible 1865 assassination attempt. [Dorothy Meserve Kunhardt and Philip B. Kunhardt, Jr., Twenty Days, pages 50-53].

Wet-plate glass negative - double lens exposure. Size, 8" x 4.5". A few scratches to the emulsion. Taken in Brady's Washington, D.C. Gallery, circa mid 1860s. Negative secured between protective glass covers and held in an archival frame, 14" x 12".

Sixth Plate Daguerreotype of Famous U. S. Grant Physician. An obituary placed behind this ca. 1850 image identifies the handsome subject as Dr. William Frederick Holcombe (1827 - 1904). The clipping further states that the doctor treated such notables as Daniel Webster, Charles Sumner and U. S. Grant. Some verdigris on brass mat, case lid separated, else excellent condition.

Photograph: Evacuation Of Aguia Creek, Chancellorsville- Hooker's Supply Base, 1863. Albumen print photograph, 9.75" x 7.5" unmounted, matted and framed. This being a view of the harbor at Chancellorsville, Virginia in June 1863. This image was taken by O'Sullivan and printed by Gardner for his Photographic Sketch Book of the War, plate no. 33. The Union Army had a supply base on Aguia Creek under Major General Joseph Hooker until 1863.

Condition: Very good. Short tear at top edge, tiny chips in corner, a few light creases, and a few stray printing marks.

Pencil, Pen & Ink, and Watercolor Enhanced Photograph: "U.S. Steam Sloop 'Monongahela.' Mississippi River. 1863." The USS Monongahela, a 2078-ton steam screw sloop built at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, was commissioned in January 1863. Her first service was on the lower Mississippi River where she was heavily engaged at Port Hudson and elsewhere. From mid-1863 to the end of the Civil War, she participated in the Gulf of Mexico blockade and, on 5 August 1864, played an active role in the Battle of Mobile Bay, ramming the Confederate ironclad Tennessee. The noble ship served in various capacities until she was destroyed by fire at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba in 1908.

This original piece of art is a fabulous item. It shows the ship as it was originally built with three pivot guns. The detail is very precise, stated "Scale 1/12th inch to foot." A handsome addition to any Civil War naval collection.

Condition: Fine, has some discoloration, slight folds, small paper loss.

Cased Quarter Plate Tintype of Federal Covered Wagon. This very rare outdoor vignette shows a teamster wielding a crop while astride one of four mules hitched to a wagon. The lead team seems to be facing away from the intended direction of the vehicle. Typical mulish behavior. Beside the wagon are a soldier, his large dog and a mounted trooper. The image, though dark, seems to have problem-free surfaces. Case missing lid. Accompanying the tintype is a 1910 one-page manuscript letter from "Ma" with a transmittal envelope addressed to a Mr. George Kopp in Cincinnati. The sender is enclosing this image and states that "...the one driving the team was killed at Resaca in '64'...Photography was not so perfect in those days...but it is interesting to have a remembrance of the Civil War..."

Early War Half-plate Ambrotype View of a Company Size Formation of Union Troops. Verbal provenance identifies this image as an Iowa infantry unit. Superb quality, exquisite detail, very fine condition, just some minor haloing, typical of these early war circa 1861-62 soft emulsion ambrotypes. In original half case, lid missing. Great image.

Union-Occupied Huntsville, Alabama, "Big Spring" CDV, 4" x 2.5". This CDV, produced by Armistead and Taylor of Corinth, Mississippi, features an image of "Big Spring" occupied by Union troops in 1864. Fine condition.

Lot of Four Gardner "Incidents of War" Photographs, ca. 1860s. 1). No. 1 "Burnside Bridge" across the Antietam, near Sharpsburg, September 1862. Negative & positive by A. Gardner. 2). No. 2. "Antietam Bridge" on the Sharpsburg and Boonsboro Turnpike, September 1862. Negative & positive by A. Gardner. 3). No. 2 "Ruins of Stone Bridge, Bull Run" March 1862. Negative by Barnard & Gibson, positive by A. Gardner. 4). No. 2 "Antietam Bridge" on the Sharpsburg and Boonsboro turnpike, September 1862. Negative & positive by A. Gardner. All framed, measure approximately 11.75" x 9.25".

Condition: Good-very good, some foxing on photographs.

Six Civil War Stereoviews, all 3.25" x 7". Five of the cards are published as War Views by E. & H. T. Anthony. New York and are credited to Brady on verso imprint. Included are View of Pontoon Bridge over the James River; Woods on the left wing, Battle of Gettysburgh; Soldiers' Graves, Bull Run Battlefield, Va.; Breast Works on the left wing, Battle of Gettysburgh; Interior of Redoubt Zabriskie on Cobb's Hill. The sixth card shows the heavily damaged walls of Fort Sumter and is identified as such by a verso inscription. It carries no publisher information. All cards are in very good condition.

Civil War CDV Album Featuring Soldiers of the 2nd U.S. Sharpshooters. This ornate leather album with embossed decoration on the cover and brass closure devices (one missing) contains thirty-one CDV images of which fifteen feature Union soldiers. The remainder are of men and women in civilian wear. Of the group of thirty-one images four have been identified in pencil at the bottom of their respective album pages, and several others are identified on the verso of the image. The men, Vermont residents and all members of the 2nd U.S. Sharpshooters, are identified as Lt. Curtis Abbot, Lt. Lewis C. Parmelee, and Captain Albert Buxton. Captain Buxton was wounded at Gettysburg and killed the following year at the Battle of the Wilderness. The other soldier images are equally interesting and perhaps further research could tie these men to Vermont regiments. All images are in fine condition. The album should be carefully inspected.

Beautiful Civil War Period CDV Album and Images. An exquisite leather album measuring 5" x 6" with raised ornate decoration on the spine and covers, gilt page edges, and brass catches filled with 34 Cartes de Visite images, most with Richmond and Baltimore studio backmarks and many with the original revenue stamps still affixed. The images provide an outstanding view of 19th clothing and styles. Two outstanding images in the album include CDVs of Generals James Longstreet and P. G. T. Beauregard, the former with a Yannerson & Jones, Richmond, Virginia backmark. The front and rear hinges of the album are cracked and the extremities are slightly rubbed. All images are sharp and in fine condition.

49th Pennsylvania Infantry Photograph Album, containing 20 portraits, evenly divided between Carte de Visite and tintypes. Of these, 14 images show Union soldiers, with the remaining six being of male and female civilians. 20th century pencil inscriptions identify five of the soldiers, four of whom were in the 49th Pennsylvania. These men include Privates George Benfer, William Clark, William Fultz and Abraham Milikin. An uninscribed CDV of their 1861 colonel, Thomas M. Hulings, is also present. An anomaly here is the inclusion of two CDVs showing Private William J. Mullen of the 71st Pennsylvania. No doubt he was a friend or relation of this album's original owner. One of the unidentified military tintypes in the album shows a soldier wearing a 6th Corps badge, which would be appropriate for a member of the 49th after May, 1862. The album, 5.25" x 4", is typical of the period, having embossed covers, a brass hasp and gilt edges on the leaves. It's spine has suffered considerable loss, however the binding remains tight and wear is as expected from normal use. The photographs within are clean and in generally fine condition. The 49th Pennsylvania was active in the Eastern Theater from September, 1861 through July, 1865. This was truly a combat regiment, seeing service in all of the major campaigns from the Peninsula during the spring of '62 through the fall of Petersburg at war's end.

Massachusetts Soldier's Carte de Visite Album, 24 leaves, 5" x 4", leather wraps, contains 12 CDVs, a ninth plate tintype. and a gem tintype - all military images. Among the CDVs are four commercial photographs showing Union generals Meade, Grant, Sherman and Sheridan (this last being mis-labeled "Gen. G. K. Warren"). Identified non-commercial images depict Sergeant Henry C. Davis, Co. "I", 18th Massachusetts Infantry; Captain Walter Scott Davis, Co. "F", 22nd Massachusetts Infantry; Captain Edward M. Onion, Field & Staff, 18th Massachusetts Infantry: Lieutenant Charles H. Poor, Co. "H", 1st Massachusetts Heavy Artillery; Captain Louis N. Tucker, Co. "A", 18th Massachusetts Infantry.

Condition: Leather binding shows heavy wear, particularly along spine and at corners; spine separated from textblock. A few images show minor foxing/soiling but all are in very good to fine condition.

57th New York Volunteers Presentation Carte de Visite Album. A beautiful 6" x 9" production consisting of 14 leaves with painted floral designs on gilt edges, each page having a capacity of two images, silk endpapers, all bound into a tooled red leatherette cover affixed with two brass hasps. A front free endpaper is inscribed as follows: "New York City / April 5th, 1864 / Presented to Mr George Miller by the members of a recruiting party of the 57th N.Y. Vols. As a slight token of their Friendship and Esteem. Edwin H. Storey / Charles W A Jackson / Nicholas Stobber / Robert G Russell / Egbert McLaughlin / John M Corine / Charles F. Eichorn." Within are 29 CDVs and one 1/9th plate tintype. Of these, there 13 CDVs depict soldiers in uniform. The remaining sitters are in civilian dress, with two being women. CDVs with visible backmarks show origins in New York City, Williamsburgh, New York and Jersey City, New Jersey. In order of appearance (with notes as written) identified soldiers are George C. Cade, Richard S. Alcoke, Captain William Reid, C. F. Eichorn (wd. Chancellorsville), George H. Brengel ,1st Lt. M. K. Reily (captured 6/12 - 64), George J. Beeler (wd Reams Station) and 1st sergeant Nicolas Stobbee (WIA Antietam). Three of the soldiers pictured herein wear the clover leaf badge denoting the 2nd Corps, Army of the Potomac. The 57th was indeed part of that relentless machine grinding away at General Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. From the Peninsula in 1862 through the fall of 1864, this fighting New York regiment participated in all of the major Eastern engagements, including Gettysburg. 194 of her officers and men died from disease and on the battlefield. This important historic album shows external wear, has light internal browning and a loose spine. Overall it is quite presentable and in good condition.

Superb Collection of Eighteen Union Soldier Cartes de Visite. A fantastic collection of CDVs featuring Union officers and enlisted soldiers in varied poses and providing a wonderful study of uniform types and variations. A few of the soldiers are tentatively identified. A wide variety of studios are represented with the majority being Pennsylvania studios, and the majority of those being in Mechanicsburg. All images are bright, sharp and in fine condition.

Confederate Lieutenant General S. D. Lee Carte de Visite, no backmark, however most likely by Quinby & Co., Charleston, South Carolina, Confederate manufacture, ca. 1861. Lee wears a South Carolina militia captain's uniform in this early war image. Pencil inscription on verso identifies the subject. Crisp corners, light toning. Fine condition. Stephen Dill Lee (1833 - 1908) is most often thought of as a Mississippian given his postwar residence in the Magnolia State. He was, however, a South Carolinian and spent the early part of the war near his home and in Virginia. Old age would find S. D. Lee commanding the United Confederate Veterans.

Confederate Naval Captain A. L. Myers Carte de Visite, Bendann Brothers, New York backmark. A formal studio portrait. Light soiling, overall browning. Good condition. Myers was the second captain of the CSS Oregon, a wooden gunboat operating on the lower Mississippi until she was destroyed with the fall of New Orleans.

Confederate Colonel Daniel R. Harris Carte de Visite, no backmark, Confederate manufacture, identified in pencil on verso as "Col. Daniel R. Harris". Lightly tinted with yellow on the subject's eyeglasses, uniform buttons and major's collar insignia. Clipped upper corners as made, fine condition. An engineer, Harris worked on Charleston's defenses.

Carte de Visite of Confederate Colonel Basil W. Duke, circa 1863. Handsome bust photo of Duke as a Colonel, photographed by the Monumental Photograph Company of Baltimore. A celebrated general during his service to the Confederate army, Duke was wounded at the Battle of Shiloh (April 1862), and again at the Battle of Hartsville (December 1862). Duke is perhaps most noted for his service as a brigade commander in Morgan's Raid (June-July 1863), an unapproved expedition behind enemy lines in Indiana and Ohio.

At the time, Duke was the principal trainer for mounted combat for Morgan's Raiders, and during their daring campaign, Morgan's Raiders captured and paroled about 6,000 Union soldiers and militia, destroyed 34 bridges, disrupted the railroads at more than 60 places, and diverted tens of thousands of troops from other duties. Duke was captured at the Battle of Buffington Island (July 19, 1863) and was exchanged in August 1864. The following month, Duke's brother-in-law Morgan was shot by Union soldiers, and Duke took over his command. Later, Duke was among Jefferson Davis's bodyguard after the Confederate president's flight from Richmond, eventually parting ways with him at Philomath, Georgia, after attending the last war council at the Burt-Stark Mansion. Image is lightly age toned and in fine condition.

Confederate Colonel Lucius Q. C. Lamar Carte de Visite, blank back, Confederate manufacture. The subject of this studio portrait is shown standing in a double-breasted frock coat having colonel's insignia. Stains along lower margin, penciled identification on verso, else very good condition. Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar (1825 - 1893) personally raised the 19th Mississippi infantry, however ill health forced his resignation in the spring of 1862. Lamar, an educated man with some experience at law, did not retire, however, and participated in Confederate diplomatic missions to Europe. After the war he engaged in national politics, serving in the U.S. Senate, as Secretary of the Interior and, finally, sitting on the Supreme Court.

Confederate Colonel Henry Rutledge Carte de Visite, no backmark, Confederate manufacture. An excellent studio portrait with the young colonel holding a regulation kepi and wearing a Model 1851 sword belt plate. A penciled inscription on the verso erroneously identifies Rutledge as being colonel of the 26th North Carolina. Clipped corners as made, period tinting to lower left and right portions of image. Fine condition. Henry Middleton Rutledge (1839 - 1921) enlisted as a major in the 25th North Carolina, on August 15, 1861. He was elected colonel of the regiment in April, 1862 and served in that capacity until the surrender at Appomattox. A fighting regiment, the 25th was active in the Carolinas and Virginia. Rutledge was, in fact, twice wounded.

Confederate Colonel Ambrosio José Gonzales Carte de Visite, blank back with penciled identification, Confederate manufacture. A magnificently tinted image showing an artillery colonel in regulation uniform. Fine condition. Ambrosio Gonzales (1818 - 1893) was a Spanish-born Cuban heavily involved in the island's independence movement. In fact, he authored a manifesto advocating American annexation of Cuba. Gonzales married into South Carolina society before the Civil War and was active in Confederate coastal defenses after the fall of Fort Sumter.

Confederate Colonel Carte de Visite, E. & H. T. Anthony, New York backmark with United States revenue stamp. Penciled inscription beneath image identifies this gentleman as "Col Ashby". This could possibly be Colonel Henry M. Ashby of Tennessee. A remarkably sharp photograph with clear insignia and two rows of Federal staff buttons. Light stains, else very good condition.

Confederate Major John F. O'Brien Signed Carte de Visite, "J. F. O'Brien / Maj R.A.C.S.", blank back with penciled identification, Confederate manufacture. This splendid image is lightly tinted with realistic coloring and shows a dashing Southern gentleman in the full regulation uniform of a Confederate major. Fine condition. O'Brien was a Confederate Regular Army staff officer under General Winder.

Stunning Tintype Ninth Plate of Confederate, 2" x 2.5", framed to 2.5" x 3". The gilded frame is housed in a leather case. This striking image of the Confederate Major is in extraordinary condition, as is the gilded frame, glass, velvet insert, and leather case. An absolutely exquisite early war portrait of a field grade Confederate officer.

Cased Sixth Plate Ambrotype of Confederate Captain From South Carolina. State pride was especially strong among Southern volunteers during The War. This seated officer cradles a Hardee-style hat with its brim pinned up by South Carolina's symbolic palmetto tree. He wears a regulation Confederate captain's grey frock coat embellished with three bars on the collar and quatrefoil on the sleeves. All insignia and buttons are tinted gold. Animus Opibusque Parati! An excellent Confederate image with only a few light scratches, none of which scar the subject's face. Case missing lid.

Confederate Captain Thomas H. Hines Carte de Visite, H. A. Balch, Memphis, Tennessee backmark with identifying pencil inscription on verso. Very good condition. Secret agent Thomas Henry Hines (1838 - 1898) is appropriately portrayed here in a civilian suit as he operated primarily in Canada and the North. A Kentuckian who rode with Morgan until 1863, Hines worked tirelessly on the "Northwestern Conspiracy". This ultimately failed scheme was to have liberated Confederate prisoners-of-war while simultaneously pushing the pro-Southern Copperheads of the Upper Midwest into a state of open rebellion against the Federal Government.

Carte de Visite of Confederate Captain John C. Landis, circa 1861. The noted Missouri Artillery Battery commanded by Captain John C. Landis was comprised of men from St. Joseph and St. Louis, Missouri, and served bravely at a number of important Civil War battles, including Pea Ridge, Champion's Hill, and the Siege of Vicksburg. Here, Landis poses for a full-length studio portrait wearing his uniform, his kepi on the table at his side. Image measures approximately 2.5" x 3.5" and has been affixed to a two-sided sleeved page from a photo album. On verso, a seated full-length image of a woman identified as Mary Nestleton; image and paper sleeve are in fine condition. Landis' image is lightly age toned and faintly foxed, but is impressive nevertheless. The paper sleeve framing the Landis photo shows moderate staining and wear.

Condition: Light age toning; near fine.

Quarter Plate Cased Tintype: Confederate Artillery Lieutenant, ca. 1860s in a fantastic "Money Musk Dance" gutta percha union case. The Confederate soldier is standing in a photographers studio looking a little bewildered. He has a great kepi with the letters "SG" (State Guard) gilded, tinted pink cheeks & purple collar, very nice frock coat with gilded lieutenant boards, all buttons on coat are also gilded, and finally a parade sword with gilded hilt and scabbard. Very pleasing image. Measures approximately in case 4" x 5".

Condition: Fine-very fine, case is excellent.

Cased Sixth Plate Ambrotype of Early War Confederate Officer. Shoulder straps, sash and sword indicate that we behold a commissioned officer. He is outfitted with a grey forage cap and non-regulation battle shirt trimmed throughout with darker piping. Possibly a Virginian, the sitter sports a rectangular sword belt plate. Unfortunately, glare obscures the plate's device. Blue iridescent haloing surrounds the subject. Excellent surfaces, case missing lid.

Carte de Visite of Confederate Guerrilla John Yates Beall, circa 1864. After being badly wounded during the Battle of the First Manassas, Beall moved to Canada where he devised and carried out guerrilla raids to liberate captured Confederate soldiers and privateering enterprises along the Potomac River and Chesapeake Bay. Beall was finally captured, tried, and hung in New York on December 24, 1864. Bust image of Beall measures approximately 2.25" x 3.5" and is affixed to a slightly larger backing mount. Penned on verso in dark ink in an unknown hand: "I die in the hope of a resurrection, and in the service and defence of my country."

Condition: Backing mount shows minor wear at upper edges/corners, else fine.

Half Plate Tintype of Sgt. John Barlow 1st Mississippi Cavalry, with Pistol and Sword, ca. 1860s. This Confederate soldier has pink tinted cheeks & yellow tinting (buttons, belt buckle, hat piece, hat tassel, stripes, and sword basket hilt). Image depicts a young man "Sgt. John Barlow" in full dress, long jacket and slouch hat, cavalry sword and M1860 .44 cal. fluted cylinder Colt Army pistol stuck in his belt. He is from the 1st Mississippi Cavalry Company B "DeSoto Light Dragoons", (DeSoto County, Mississippi). Also comes with Company "B" Mississippi Vol. Cavalry pinback medal and a silver bullion star.

Condition: Very fine, half case, top missing, tin mat has discoloration

Tintype Ninth Plate of a Sergeant, 2" x 2.5", framed to 2.5" x 3". The gilded frame is housed in a leather case (the lid of which is now missing). The tintype is near fine with some scratches; the case is fine with minor wear.

Tintype Ninth Plate of Two Union Soldiers, 2.5" x 3", matted and framed to 3.25" x 3.75". This excellent image in a gilded frame is housed in a leather case (the lid of which is now missing). The tintype is in fine condition.

Rare Sixth Plate Ambrotype: "Sumter Light Guards" Confederate Soldier, ca 1860s. Just a little history on this very colorful Company: Company "K" of the 4th Georgia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, the "Sumter Light Guards" formed in Americus, Georgia on April 27, 1861. They left Americus April 27, 1861. Arrived in Augusta, Georgia April 28, 1861. Engaged in battle of Malvern Hill Virginia July 1, 1862, when two men were killed and eight were wounded. October 31, 1862, crossed Shenandoah River and Blue Ridge Mountains and remained several days near Upperville, Virginia. Crossed the Shenandoah River and bivouacked several days, thence marched toward Strasburg, Virginia. where they remained several days. While there, they tore up the Manassas Gap railroad for several miles. Left camp November 21, 1862 , and went toward Gordonsville, Virginia, reaching there November 25, where they remained two days, when they marched to near Fredericksburg, thence to Front Royal, where they remained several days. Started to Fredericksburg, December 12, 1862. Lay in the line of battle for several days and occupied front line on December 15. On December 16th bivouacked near Hamilton's Crossing on Fredericksburg, railroad. On the morning of July 4, 1864, marched to Harper's Ferry where they lay in line of battle for two days.

The soldier in this gutta percha-cased photo is standing and starring intently at the photographer. He is wearing a plaid shirt and a Confederate belt buckle, has a holstered pistol and a large bedroll item strapped on his back. He is holding a percussion rifle with his kepi and the letters "4 SLG" (4th Sumter Light Guards). Measures approximately in case 3.25" x 3.75".

Condition: Good-very good, there is some rust color on image

Two Fantastic Sixth Plate Tintypes: a Pair of Triple-Armed Confederate Brothers "Dressed to Kill," ca. 1860s presented in a double union case. It's a pair of Confederate Kentucky brothers wearing all the Civil War accoutrements. These boys have great slouch hats with feathers, haversacks slung over shoulder, huge bowie knifes stuck in their belts, brand new percussion pistols, canteens, one brother has cup with his canteen, long rifles with bayonets, and great jackets. Both brothers have just a hint of hand tinted pink color on their cheeks. This is a rare pair of Civil War brother photos, looks as if they were taken yesterday. Each measures approximately 3.50" x 4".

Condition: Photographs are superb, case extra fine.

Sixth Plate Ruby Ambrotype of a Young Confederate Soldier in Columbus Jacket, ca. 1860s. This type of jacket believed to have been issued by the Confederate quartermaster facility in Columbus, Georgia. The Columbus Depot examples found in the Kentucky Military History Museum are made of Gray Jean wool faded to a light brown color and trimmed with French Blue collar and cuffs. The number of buttons varies. The Columbus Depot original examples have five, six and seven button fronts.

Very early half-leather case and brass frame ruby ambrotype photograph of young confederate soldier. This confederate private is starring intently at this unknown photograph in an unidentified studio. The photographer has tinted his cheeks pink, gilded four of his buttons, and also gilded a large eagle on a shoulder belt rig. Measures approximately 3.25" x 3.75".

Condition: Very good, scratches on ambro, case is poor-good, only half a case.

Sixth Plate Tintype of Confederate Soldier in Slouch Hat and Sack Coat, ca. 1860s Beautiful tinted very young confederate soldier with his freckles, has a great slouch hat with a "D" insignia on it, sack coat, and his hands and face are tinted with a pink color possibly North Carolina or Virginia confederate unit. Measures approximately 3.25" x 3.75".

Condition: Photograph is excellent, case split in half.

Cased Sixth Plate Ambrotype of Confederate Soldier. A spectacular early war portrait of a young southern volunteer in a well-tailored regulation shell jacket having eight buttons. His visible cuff and collar seem to have just the faintest blue tinting. The jacket's buttons are painted the customary gold, forever keeping this soldier's affiliation a secret. Attractive peripheral haloing, some light spotting to fields. Behind a plain mat of earlier vintage. Case lid separated.

Cased Sixth Plate Ambrotype of Confederate Soldier or Officer. No plowboy he, this self-assured gentleman wears an open double-breasted grey frock coat with regulation trim on collar and cuffs. Our dashing southron has the look of an officer, however no insignia is evident. If only his buttons weren't painted gold, we might at least have a clue as to his state or service affiliation. Excellent surfaces and contrasts. Housed in abused thermoplastic case suffering large areas of loss along three edges.

Half Plate Tintype of a Group of Confederate Militia "Clinch Rifles", Augusta, Georgia ca 1860s - Approximately 200 units were formed in Georgia in service to the Confederate States before and during the Civil War. One of them was Georgia 5th Infantry Regiment. It was organized on May 11th, 1861, with further companies joining the unit during the following year. Its combat roster started with capture of Santa Rosa Island, followed by Corinth Campaign in April-June 1862. One of the distinguished companies of the 5th was company "A," the famous Clinch Rifles. The company was named for General Duncan L. Clinch the commander at the Battles of Withlacoochee and the Cove of the Seminole Wars (1835-1836). The company adopted the motto "Charge Again" after General Clinch's order to the retreating troops at the Battle of Withlacoochee to attack the enemy again. Clinch Rifles were a true rifle company using 1841 Mississippi Rifle and saber bayonet in action during the American Civil War. While the Union had regulated the design of uniforms from the beginning of the conflict, the Confederate units were initially made of volunteers and enjoyed considerable freedom in their choice of uniforms. Maintaining the European of green infantry clothing, the Clinch Rifles elected green as their unit color, with elegant gold braid and buttons plus a French-style cap. Despite all the gallantry, the 5th Georgia Infantry regiment's subsequent combat history reflects the dwindling cause of the Confederate States in the war: Battle of Murfreesboro (December 1862 - January 1863, here the Clinch Rifles lost 55% of their strength) -- Tullahoma Campaign (June - August 1863) -- Chattanooga Siege (September - November 1863) -- Atlanta Campaign (May - September 1864) -- Savannah Campaign (November - December 1864) -- Carolinas Campaign (February - April 1865) -- Bentonville (March 1865). Following the demise of the South, the remains of the unit surrendered at Durham Station, Orange County, NC on April 26, 1865.

This is a very historical rare half plate tintype of the Confederate Clinch rifles, Georgia 5th Infantry Regiment. Many soldiers sitting in front of tent at unidentified location starring at the photographer. Some have there kepis on with the famous "C. R." insignia. Measures approximately 5.50" x 4.25".

Condition: Fine-very fine, good contrast, tin mat has discoloration.

Cased Sixth Plate Ambrotype of Pre-War Officer and Two Civilian Ambrotypes. The consignor suggests that these images are associated with George I. Davisson (1842 - 1895) of Lewis Co., Virginia (now WV). Davisson enlisted as a captain of Co. "B", 26th Virginia Cavalry on May 1, 1861. From the end of 1863 until early 1865, he was a POW. The military portrait shows a very youthful officer with a girl one would hope was his sister. He wears a Mexican War-style peaked cap with what appears to be "RJG" insignia (reversed, of course). His dark coat has officer's shoulder straps and he is holding an early ivory handled sword. The uniform's waist belt is secured by a diminutive Model 1839 US oval plate. This slightly eccentric ensemble could denote membership in a local militia or cadet corps. Metallic elements within the photograph are painted gold. Nice surfaces, case missing lid. The civilian images, also cased, consist of a quarter plate ambrotype of a lady and a sixth plate ambrotype of a stylish young couple. These are probably concurrent with the military image and are of different people. Both cases are missing lids.

John S. Mosby Inscription on Photograph Snickers Gap 1864 - Mosby, known as the "Gray Ghost," was a Confederate partisan Ranger in the American Civil War. He was noted for his lightning quick raids and his ability to successfully elude his Union Army pursuers and disappear (like a ghost) with his men, blending in with local farmers and townspeople. Further research I have found this information from "Mosby's rangers: A record of the operations of the 43rd Battalion... By James Joseph Williamson of Company A 1896."

"Friday, August 12. - Command met at Rectortown, and passing through Snicker's Gap. Mosby crossed the Shenandoah with about 330 men and 2 small howitzers. Scouts brought in the intelligence that a large train with supplies for Sheridan's Army, with a heavy guard of cavalry and infantry was on its way from Harper's Ferry to Winchester." Etc.

Assuming this is the raid from the rendition photograph (Photo of painting, 1890s) that Mosby has very boldly inscribed in his hand. "Mosby's Battalion: Snickers Gap, Loudon Co. Va. Aug; 12th 1864 going on raid." Image approximately, 11" x 7.50", in frame 15" x 16.50". Very RARE, one of a kind item.

Condition: Fine-very fine condition.

Four Fort Sumter Carte de Visite, Osborn's Gallery backmarks, Charleston, South Carolina. The telling effects of heavy artillery, both Confederate and Union, are evident in these views of the much-contested coastal fort. Three of the images are identified by inscriptions variously as "Entrance to Fort Sumter", "Eastern View of fort Sumter" and "View of Port hole of Fort Sumter". The fourth photograph shows mounds of rubble within the fort. Two CDVs have clipped corners as made, one has a small area of loss along its right edge. Overall very good condition.

Three War-Date Vicksburg Cartes de Visite, no backmarks, identified by pencil inscriptions on verso, ca. 1863 after the city's fall. The first image shows Confederate gun emplacements on the Mississippi and is a variant of a well-known photograph that was published in Miller's 1911 Photographic History of the Civil War; the second and third CDVs look toward the river from the bluffs above the city. Browning and soiling, good condition.

Small Albumen Photograph of General Whitaker's Kentuckians on Lookout Mountain. This historic sepia print is housed behind glass in a standard sixth plate photographic case. Excellent condition, although the case is worn and needs the lid re-attached. Here photographer Royan M. Linn had Captain John Wilson, Co. "C", 8th Kentucky Infantry (U.S.) and five of his men re-enact their November 25, 1863 placement of the American flag on Lookout Mountain, Tennessee. The celebrated event made for a commercially viable photograph that was in every respect the ancestor of Joe Rosenthal's iconic Iwo Jima tableaux.

African-American Nursemaid (Slave) Posing with Her Family, ca 1860s. A very nice horizontal quarter plate tintype portraying a young white couple sitting beside a slave who cradles their infant child in her arms. The couple exude an aura of upper-middle class wealth, and are also proud to have their nursemaid to be sitting in their photograph. The African-American woman has a very strange defiant demeanor. Within a very few years of this sitting, Phil Sheridan's Union cavalry would sweep away some of the slavery in the southern states. This image, therefore, truly documents the end of an era. It is subtly tinted with pink flesh tones and light blue in the fields. Housed in a union case behind a brass mat and glass. The lid of the case is molded with tableaux of Cupid defeating a wounded stag. (Krainik 36).

Condition: Excellent, near mint condition, with fantastic contrast, minute chips to case, else overall excellent condition.

African-American Nursemaid (Slave) with Two White Children, Cased Daguerreotype, ca. 1850s.
Quarter plate. Nursemaid is wearing a plain house dress and a great colorful bandana. This very proud black woman is holding the younger of the two white children who are wearing their Sunday best. The little girl on right is snuggled up against the lady who is starring intently into the camera. The child is blurred as she moved during the exposure. It was almost impossible to keep children motionless for this type of photography.

Condition: Very good, some scratches from cleaning, spot on child's shoulder, discoloration around mat. Leather case broken, repaired.

African-American Nursemaid (Slave) with Two White Children, Cased Daguerreotype, New Orleans, Ca. 1850s. Sixth plate. Made by a unknown photographer to record the history of the two white children being taken care of by unidentified African-American nursemaid. The image is crisp with faint hand tinting. You will note that the standing child moved her arm while the picture was in process which left a blurred effect just above her apron. Has a very nice golden frame with beveled oval mat. The seal is broken, and case has been repaired on spine.

Condition: Very fine, with great contrast, some slight discoloration under mat.

Tintype of Slave Girl with Two White Children, 2" x 2.5", framed to 2.75" x 3". This oval tintype in gilded frame is housed in a thermoplastic case. The tintype is near fine with some scratches; the case is fine.

Beautiful Hand-tinted Half Plate Tintype Featuring a Well-Dressed African-American Mother and Daughter. 4.25" x 5.5" (half plate), in fine condition.

This beautiful image features an African-American mother and daughter attired in their finest dresses. The mother is posed seated and the sharpness of the image allows the viewer to see the smallest details including her rather large hoop earrings and the hand-colored ring on her finger and broach at her throat. Her daughter stands beside her with one hand resting on her hip; the other on her mother's shoulder. Her dress has been subtlety tinted light blue. The image is housed in a rare "Wedding Procession" (Krainik 10) Union case manufactured by Littlefield, Parsons & Co. The ornate brass mat and preserver are of the best quality. The hinges of the Union case are slightly loose and there is a very small chip at the lower left front cover, otherwise the image and case are in fine condition.

Ultra Rare Quarter Plate Daguerreotype of Brevet Major General Richard Delafield, Being the Earliest Known Photograph of Him. A highly important and likely unpublished image of a key American military figure of the early to mid 19th century, most likely taken in New Orleans or Texas. Accessible portraits of Delafield (1798-1873) date to the Civil War era and show him as an overweight elderly man. When sitting for this daguerreotype, however, he was still middle-aged and considerably slimmer. Delafield wears a U.S. Army Major or Lt. Colonel of Engineers dress uniform and cradles his staff officer's sword. Although his coat buttons are hard to identify given photographer's gilt, Delafield's belt plate clearly is dominated by the Engineers' distinctive castle - a device he personally promoted early in his career. Delafield's lifelong association with the Army Corps of Engineers began in 1818 upon graduating first in his class at West Point. His initial posting as a young lieutenant found him working on the Hampton Roads defenses in Virginia. Subsequent activities found Delafield engaged in defense construction along the Mississippi delta. Twenty years after graduating from the U.S. Military Academy, Delafield was appointed superintendent of the institution and held that position until 1845, commanding the likes of Robert Lee and Thomas Jackson. As the 1840s gave way to the 1850s, Delafield was engaged in building defenses for New York Harbor. In 1856, after visiting the Crimea as an observer, he was recalled from the field, again being placed in command of West Point.

The onset of the Civil War brought Delafield back to New York City as commander of the harbor defenses he had helped construct several years earlier. The crowning achievement of Delafield's career came in 1864 when he became the U.S. Army's Chief Engineer. He retired in 1866 after nearly 50 years serving his country as an able administrator and practical engineer. Any military daguerreotype is highly collectible because of its inherent rarity. Delafield's portrait here is of the highest caliber on every front. There is a fingerprint in the right field, some fine abrasions to the left and three scratches on the subject's forehead. Fortunately, these detract very little from the overall appeal of the images. The case has excellent surfaces with only minor wear on the spine.

General George A. Custer: Carte de Visite Photograph by John Goldin & Co. May 1865. K-70 from Custer in Photographs by D. Mark Katz. A small "Gen Custer" is penciled into the left field of the image with further modern notations penciled on the verso. Measures approximately 2.50" x 4"

Condition: Very fine, good contrast.

General George Armstrong Custer CDV, 2.5" x 4". E. & H. T. Anthony, New York, from Mathew Brady negative. A two-cent stamp is affixed to verso. Near fine with minor wear and some toning around edges.

Brigadier General George A. Custer Carte de Visite by Matthew Brady & Co., New York, February, 1864. Framed with a custom brass nameplate to an overall size of 8" x 10". Light aging, very fine condition.

General Phil Sheridan Photographs and Clipped Signature "P. H. Sheridan Lieut General". Two identical images of General Philip Henry Sheridan, one a massive 10" x 15.75" mounted on a C. M. Bell, Washington D. C. photographer's mat, with a 5" x 1" clipped signature affixed at the bottom. The image has toned a bit and is slightly chipped along the edges, else it is in very good condition. The other image measures 4" x 6.25", is slightly faded, else very good.

Union General Hugh Judson Kilpatrick CDV, 2.5" x 3.5". This CDV features a full-figure image of the controversial officer known as "Kilcalvary" because of his reckless disregard for the lives of his men during battle. E. & H. T. Anthony, New York, from Mathew Brady negative. Very good with some wear, foxing, and soiling.

Robert E. Lee Signed Carte de Visite. 2.5" x 4", M. B. Brady & Co., New York backmark, signed "R. E. Lee" at the lower right corner, scattered spotting, otherwise a clear image in very good condition.

This bust image of Lee was taken after the Civil War, probably during his tenure as president of Washington College.

General Lee Proudly Posing with Traveller, his Wartime Companion. Early imperial size cabinet card lithograph of this famous photograph with Lee dressed in all his regalia and Traveller standing motionless. A very popular image.

Traveller, Lee's favorite horse, was born in 1857, he was sixteen hands tall, with gray color and black points. In 1861 General Lee bought him for $200 and they were together for the rest of Traveller's life. When the war ended, Traveller went with Lee to Washington College. Traveller died in 1871. Washington College displayed his bones until the 1970s when, finally, Traveller's remains were buried near General Lee. Measures approximately 8" x 5".

Condition: Good-very good.

Large Format Robert E. Lee Albumen. Posing on Traveller. 1864. Imperial size cabinet card of this famous photograph. General Robert E. Lee posing proudly on his horse Traveller. Lee is dressed in all his regalia, and Traveller standing motionless for this very popular photograph. In period ink at bottom is written "General Lee on Traveller - At cottage farm October 1864,"indicating where and when the image was taken. There is provenance indicating that this image once belonged to a CSA general. Measures approximately 12.50" x 10.75".

Condition: Poor-good, light contrast.

Robert E. Lee Water Color Enhanced Albumen Photograph. 7.5" x 10", mounted on a backing board to an overall size of 9.5" x 11".

This image features Lee posed standing beside a draped table. The image would likely date from Lee's presidency of Washington College (now Washington and Lee). At some point the image was enhanced with watercolor sepia tones. The backing board is soiled and toned and the image has a few scattered worn spots. Taken in full, very good.

Confederate Brigadier General Robert Anderson Carte de Visite, D. J. Ryan, Savannah, Georgia backmark, Confederate manufacture. Lightly tinted portrait almost sharp enough to discern the general's Confederate droop-winged eagle buttons. Small stain in lower right corner, else very good condition. Georgian Robert Houston Anderson (1835 - 1888) was an Army of Tennessee cavalry commander and surrendered with Joe Johnston at the conclusion of the Carolina campaign. After the war he served as Savannah's police chief.

Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard Signed Carte-de Visite. 2.5" x 4.25", Levitsky studio mark, signed and dated "G. T. Beauregard 1867" along the lower margin, ever-so-slightly faded, else very good.

The man known as the "Napoleon in Gray" signs his CDV during the period he was the president of the New Orleans, Jackson & Mississippi railroad.

Confederate General P. G. T. Beauregard Signed Carte de Visite, "G. T. Beauregard / Gen' Comdg" with "Charleston S.C. July 9th 1863" inscribed on blank back. Hand tinted with clipped corners as made in the Confederacy. Marginal stains beneath image, very good condition. Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard (1818 - 1893) personalized this image while commanding Charleston's defenses. Some nine days later African-Americans of the 54th Massachusetts participated in their famous assault on the city's Battery Wagner.

Confederate Brigadier General Bernard Bee Carte de Visite, blank back, Confederate manufacture, ca. 1861. Clipped upper corners as made, some marginal chipping, light staining on verso. Good condition. South Carolinian Bernard Bee (1823 - 1861) was killed early on at First Manassas and, as such, never had a chance to show his true military mettle. He did, however, achieve immortality as the man who first likened Thomas Jonathan Jackson to a "stone wall".

Confederate Brigadier General Basil Duke Carte de Visite, Monumental backmark, Baltimore, Maryland. The sitter wears a Confederate officer's frock coat lacking collar insignia. Imprinted identification beneath portrait. Rounded top corners as made, light toning. Very good condition. Kentuckian Basil Wilson Duke (1838 - 1916) was cavalry general John Hunt Morgan's brother-in-law and right hand man. Morgan's 1864 death in Greenville, Tennessee placed Duke in command of the brigade. The following year Duke's diehard men would escort the fugitive Jefferson Davis until his capture.

Basil W. Duke, Morgan's Cavalry, CDV, 2.5" x 4". After General John Hunt Morgan was shot by Union troops in 1864, command of his Kentucky cavalrymen fell to his brother-in-law, Basil W. Duke, who had fought at the Battle of Shiloh two years earlier. John Shannon, Photographer, Palmyra, Missouri. Very good with some wear, foxing, and soiling.

Confederate Lieutenant General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson Carte de Visite, blank back, Confederate manufacture. An incredibly crude and rare rebel product consisting of a hand tinted salt print. The lower margin below this familiar image of Jackson is embossed with the following copyright: "Entered According to Act of Congress in the Year 1863 by Minnis & Cowell in the Clerk's Office of the Dist. Court of the Confederate States for the Eastern Dist. Of Virginia." Light foxing, overall toning. Good condition. No doubt this CDV was offered for sale immediately following Jackson's death.

Albumen of Stonewall Jackson and Staff Embossed on the lower center of the margin by the Lee Gallery of Richmond, this albumen pictures Jackson and his staff. Likely taken from a CDV, the albumen appears somewhat faded. Very good condition and in a period frame. Size: 12.5"x 14" as framed.

Confederate Major General David R. Jones Carte de Visite, Quinby & Co. backmark, Charleston, South Carolina, Confederate manufacture, ca. 1861. Identified on verso as "D. R. Jones Major General". Light browning, small edge chips. Very good condition. David Rumph Jones (1825 - 1863) is depicted here as he must have looked when, as P.G.T. Beauregard's chief-of-staff, he lowered the Federal colors over newly captured Fort Sumter. Jones went on to serve admirably in the Army of Northern Virginia, however was felled by a heart attack in January,1863.

Confederate Brigadier General Thomas Jordan Signed Carte de Visite, "Thomas Jordan / Brig Genl & CS" with "Charleston SC. / July 14th 1863" inscribed on blank back. Lightly tinted and of Confederate manufacture. A few small stains, edge abrasions, uneven lower margin. Good condition. A colorful Virginian, Thomas Jordan (1819 - 1895) graduated from the U.S. Military Academy in 1840 to become a veteran of the Seminole and Mexican Wars. While yet on active Federal duty in 1860, Jordan began sniffing around Washington on behalf of Southern interests. His efforts laid the foundation for the wartime Confederate spy network headed by Washington resident Rose O'Neal Greenhow. The CDV offered here was signed mid-war while Jordan was serving under Beauregard at Charleston.

Confederate Lieutenant General James Longstreet Carte de Visite, no backmark, Confederate manufacture. Clipped upper corners as made. Light toning, some deterioration to lower right edge. Very good condition. James Longstreet (1821 - 1904) of Georgia graduated from the U. S. Military Academy in 1842, befriending U. S. Grant in the process. He was one of General Lee's ablest corps commanders.

Confederate Brigadier General John Hunt Morgan Carte de Visite, blank back with inscribed identification, salt print of Confederate manufacture. Lightly tinted portrait bust of Kentucky's celebrated cavalier. Even brown toning, fine condition.

Confederate Major General Sterling Price Carte de Visite, Quinby & Co. backmark, Charleston, South Carolina, Confederate manufacture, identified by inscriptions on both sides, the verso additionally noting Price as "Col Comdg". Some deterioration to lower margin, soft lower corners. Very good condition. Sterling Price (1809 - 1867), born in Virginia, was a Mexican War veteran and popular political figure in antebellum Missouri. Indeed, he represented his adoptive state in the U. S. Congress and later served as Missouri's governor. Originally opposed to secession, Price evolved into one of the Western Theater's more aggressive Confederate commanders and refused to surrender at war's end.

Confederate Brigadier General Roswell S. Ripley Signed Carte de Visite, "R.S. Ripley B Genl", no backmark, Confederate manufacture. Ripley's uniformed bust is thoroughly hand-tinted to the point of resembling a watercolor portrait. Clipped upper corners as made, small stain in lower margin above signature. Very good condition. Northern-born Roswell Sabine Ripley (1823 - 1887) graduated from the U.S. Military Academy in 1843 and was a Mexican War veteran when he moved to Charleston, South Carolina in the 1850s. Embracing the Confederate cause in 1861, Ripley alternated his service between the Carolina coastal defenses and the Army of Northern Virginia.

Confederate General Beverly Robertson Carte de Visite. 2.5" x 4", no studio markings, signed "Gen Robertson" at the lower left corner (unknown if in Robertson's hand), bright, sharp image in fine condition.

General Robertson is posed seated in full uniform. Robertson fought in several battles including the second battle of Bull Run, New Bern and Brandy Station.

Confederate Major General J. E. B. Stuart Carte de Visite, blank back with inscribed identification, Confederate manufacture. The extraordinary Stuart is here captured with a twinkle in his cavalryman's eye. Fine condition.

Confederate Major General John Austin Wharton Ambrotype - Terry's Texas Rangers. Major General John Austin Wharton led Terry's Texas Rangers, the famed Confederate Cavalry regiment after the deaths of the regiment's former leaders, Colonel Benjamin F. Terry and Lieutenant Colonel Thomas S. Lubbock. Born in Nashville, Tennessee in 1828, Wharton moved to Texas at an early age and grew up on a plantation at Brazoria, Texas. From 1846 to 1850 he attended South Carolina College, now the University of South Carolina where he was commander of the student cadet corps. He returned to Texas and studied law under United States Senator William Preston and practiced law with Clint Terry, Benjamin F. Terry's brother at Brazoria. At the outbreak of the Civil War he owned 135 slaves in Brazoria County.

This ambrotype of Wharton was taken early in the war and is the only one of him at this age known to exist. Hand-tinted in its copper frame and ½ of its original leather case, there is some fading at the face, but this is undoubtedly General Wharton early in the war. On June 23, 1861 Wharton traveled to Richmond, Virginia and met with Confederate President Jefferson Davis and James Longstreet seeking permission to organize a company of Texas cavalry. Reportedly, Davis did not give his permission and Wharton returned to Texas. He passed through New Orleans and it is believed that this is where this ambrotype was taken as the backdrop is typical of the photographs from that era and place. Leaving New Orleans on a ship named the Shark bound for Texas, Wharton was captured by Union troops aboard the USS South Carolina. He was permitted to travel on to Texas by Union Commander James Alden and undoubtedly saved this ambrotype through the capture.

Back in Texas, Wharton was elected captain of the Terry's Ranger unit, formally known as the Eighth Texas Cavalry. After the Battle of Shiloh where he was wounded, he was promoted to Brigadier General. His bravery at the Battle of Chickamauga earned him his promotion to Major General. While visiting the command of General John B. Magruder at the Fannin Hotel in Houston, Wharton quarreled with fellow Confederate officer Colonel George W. Baylor over a personal matter. Reportedly Baylor shot the unarmed General Wharton with his revolver killing him instantly. Baylor was acquitted of the killing and went on to enjoy an illustrious career as a Texas Ranger.

Confederate Admiral Franklin Buchanan Carte de Visite, no backmark, Confederate manufacture. Tiny clips to upper corners as made, bends to lower corners and small marginal stain. Very good condition. Marylander Franklin Buchanan (1800 - 1874) cast aside a stellar career in the U.S. Navy when he resigned in favor of the Confederacy. First serving in the War of 1812, Buchanan had been superintendent of the U.S. Naval Academy and was with Perry's expedition to Japan. Buchanan's great moment in gray came on March 8, 1862 when he demonstrated at Hampton Roads what the ironclad CSS Virginia could do to wooden warships.

Confederate Naval Commander Beverly J. T. Tucker Carte de Visite, Quinby & Co. backmark, Charleston, South Carolina, Confederate manufacture, identified by verso inscription as "Beverly J. T. Tucker CSN". The sitter wears a naval officer's grey frock coat having three rows of gold braid on the cuffs and sleeves. Magnification seems to reveal a mixture of Confederate and Federal staff buttons being used here. Clipped upper corners as made. Lightly toned, fine condition.

Confederate President Jefferson Davis Postwar Albumen Photograph, 8" x 10" overall, embossed by the Lee Gallery, Richmond, Virginia on lower margin. A penciled inscription below notes that this portrait was taken in 1862. Moderate browning, a few marginal stains. Good condition.

100 Identified Confederate CDVs in Photo Album, ca. 1860s. A fantastic Civil War album includes all the famous and not so famous Confederate generals. It starts with Jefferson Davis and Alexander Stephens, then it goes into the generals including: Lee, A. Johnston, Jas. Johnston (no back mark), Beauregard (photo by Turker & Perkins of Augusta, Georgia), Wigfall (Texas) (photo by Quinby & Co. of Charleston, South Carolina), Van Dorn (no back mark), Morgan (no back mark), Kirby Smith (photo by Turker & Perkins of Augusta, Georgia), J. Stuart (photo by G. R. Rees of Richmond, Virginia), Winder (photo by Chs. R. Rees & Co. of Richmond, Virginia), Hood (Texas) (no back mark), Fitz Lee (no back mark), Williams (no back mark), Gregg (Texas) (no back mark), Butler, Taylor, Wilcox, Rosser, Archer, Kemper, Cox, Wm. Smith, J. M. James, Baker, Hays, Lewis, Hampton, and Nathan Bedford Forrest (photo by Perkins Gallery of Augusta, Georgia), just to mention a few. Great album with about 20% lithographs and the rest being carte de visite photographs. Album measures approximately 9" x 6"

Condition: Album, poor-good, images good-very good, foxing, discoloration, some light contrast

Album of Civil War with 50 Cartes de Visite of Confederate Officers, all approximately 2.5" x 4". The leather album is 5" x 6". The binding is very weak and shows wear. One fastener is missing. Most images are named, else, fine or better.

The album contains CDVs of the following Confederate leaders: Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee, Anderson, John Breckenridge, Beauregard, Bragg, Barksdale, Buckner, Branch, Crittenden, Cheatham, Chalmers, Colquitt, Ewell, Elzey, Floyd, Forrest, Gardiner, Hill, Hampton, Huger, Hood, Hardee, Hoke, Hindman, Joe Johnson, Stonewall Jackson, Albert Sidney Johnson, Keitt, Longstreet, Fitz Hugh Lee, Loring, Lovell, Polk, Sterling Price, Pemberton, Pickett, Pillow, Preston, Rains, Rhett, J. E. B. Stuart, Kirby Smith, Colonels John Morgan, Mosby, Quantrell, Major Harry Gilmore, and Confederate Naval Captains Semmes and Maffit.

Xanthus Smith (American, 1839-1929)

Palmettos at Port Royal
1866
Oil on canvas
Signed lower right Xanthus Smith, 1866
Inscribed on reverse Palmettos at the Mouth of Statitor Creek, Port Royal, S.C., Painted by Xanthus Smith 1866

Xanthus Smith, the most prolific painter of Civil War maritime scenes, was born into a family of artists in Philadelphia. He was educated at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts and at the Royal Academy in London. But it was his first-hand experience in the Civil War as he served on the USS Wabash that he drew upon to complete his masterpieces of Civil War.

In Palmettos at Port Royal, Smith gives an artistically superb account of South Carolina as he saw it when he served onboard the Wabash at that location from 1862-1863. Smith would complete sketches during the war, sometimes taking a launch to the shore to complete pictures from a different perspective such as this piece. In a successful effort to depict a more calm scene with ships in the distance and smaller craft in the foreground, this oil on canvas was done in 1866 just after the war. Smith was a master at using the small canvas to capture detail, as he put it, "small, compact and neat," in this case incorporating the South Carolina palmetto tree prominently in the composition.

Xanthus Smith continued to produce quality work for public and private commissions including portraiture work. But it is for Civil War maritime work with its painstakingly minute brushwork that he is most well known. Many credit his success to his upbringing by Russell and Mary Smith, both accomplished artists, who at age twelve took him on a European tour where he learned much from studying great art and from his sea voyage. He developed a love for the sea and at the outbreak of the Civil War enlisted as a ship's clerk where he became a chronicler of sea battles and scenes, drawing on his own experiences and from photographs. By the time of the 1876 Centennial Exhibition he was regarded as the premier painter of Civil War scenes.

Xanthus Smith (American, 1839-1929)

Sinking of the Alabama
Circa 1865-1870
Oil on canvas
Signed on reverse Xanthus Smith, Sinking of the Alabama

One of Xanthus Smith's most famous subjects was the sinking of the Confederate raider CSS Alabama by the Union ship USS Kearsarge on June 19, 1864 off the coast of Cherbourg, France. This dynamic and panoramic painting depicts the Alabama, at the right of the canvas as she is taking on water, with the Kearsarge on the left making sure she is done for, eventually standing by to take on survivors. Although Smith served in the Union Navy during the Civil War, he relied on first-hand published accounts in completing this picture including those of Confederate Captain Raphael Semmes and the captain of the Union vessel, John Winslow.

This monumental encounter is captured by Xanthus Smith in minute detail. His use of the small canvas in successfully achieving a lifelike image of the ships, the sea and the ferocious battle made him famous in his own time, much sought after for his Civil War naval scenes.

The CSS Alabama had been marauding Northern shipping for two years when it made its way to the relative safety of European waters for much-needed repairs. Always on the hunt for the rebel raider, the USS Kearsarge learned of the Alabama being docked at Cherbourg and gave chase, setting up at the port to await Alabama's exit. On June 19, 1864, escorted by a neutral French ironclad Couronne, the Alabama entered international waters where it engaged the Kearsarge. Although the Alabama's shells found their mark on several occasions, the superior gunnery of the Kearsarge and the deterioration of the Alabama's weaponry turned the tide of battle in favor of the Union ship, a point of battle depicted here by Smith.

Xanthus Smith (American, 1839-1929)

United States Steamer Kearsarge Leaving Boston Harbor
1869
Oil on canvas
Signed bottom right Xanthus Smith, 1869
7-3/4 x 11-3/4 inches (19.7 x 29.8 cm)

Xanthus Smith served in the Union Navy during the Civil War as a ship's clerk, a perfect vantage point for seeing warships and action up close. He made sketches of what he saw, later transferring the images onto canvas in small scale in order to capture the intimate details of the majestic ships that, like him, became so famous.

The USS Kearsarge was one of the most famous gunboats in the Union Navy. Its destruction of the Confederate ship CSS Alabama in the English Channel made it a legend. Technically a Mohican-class "sloop-of-war," the 1550-ton steamship was commissioned at the Portsmouth Naval Yard in response to the outbreak of the Civil War. It searched for Confederate ships throughout the coast of Europe where the raiders were sinking Union ships at a prolific rate, especially the steamer CSS Alabama. On June 14, 1864 the Kearsarge found the Alabama at the French port of Cherbourg and sank her five days later in one of the most famous naval battles of the Civil War.

Xanthus Smith depicts the Kearsarge's glorious return to sea out of Boston Harbor after the ship had returned to the United States for repairs the next year. The white sails are full; the naval ensign flying proudly as she gallantly sails out to sea to chase Confederate shipping until the close of the Civil War. The ship served gallantly around the world until it sunk after striking a reef off Nicaragua in 1894. Smith went on to be regarded as the premier naval artist of the Civil War. Known for his portraiture art as well, he is most revered for works such as this, ones that memorialize the proud ships that served both North and South.

Confederate "General A. P. Hill" Oil Painting By Richard Headley. Hill was a Confederate general in the Civil War. He gained early fame as the commander of "Hill's Light Division," becoming one of Stonewall Jackson's ablest subordinates. He later commanded a corps under Robert E. Lee in the Army of Northern Virginia before his death in battle just prior to the end of the war. This 20" x 24" oil on 1/8 th inch Masonite board, signed lower right "R. Headley, 1997" depicts A. P. Hill in Confederate uniform just before the end of the war in 1865. Not framed.

Condition: Very fine.

Oil Painting, Charge of the Union Cavalry, by A. C. Redwood, 1886, on canvas covered board, 30" x 19.25", signed "A. C. Redwood, 1886" in lower right corner. The painting in black, white, and grays, shows a troop of Union cavalry wheeling to charge a line of Confederate infantrymen. With a sergeant and officer in the lead, the Union troopers spur their mounts, the guidon snapping above their raised sabers. The raggedly dressed Confederates are in marked contrast to the well-outfitted and armed Union soldiers. The painting is exceptionally well executed and very evocative. A vivid battle scene. There is one light surface abrasion by the name and two small spots of paint loss (the largest 7 mm). The painting was not examined out of the frame. Undoubtedly a painting used as an illustration, and thus, worthy of further research.
Allen Christian Redwood (1844-1922) was born at Prospect Hill Plantation, Lancaster County, Virginia. He was raised and educated in Baltimore. Redwood trained as an artist at the Polytechnic Institute, Brooklyn, New York in 1860. At the outbreak of the Civil War, he enlisted in Company "C" of the 55th Virginia Regiment as a 17 year-old private. Redwood was wounded in action by a shell fragment at Mechanicsville, in June 1862. He returned to duty in time for the Second Manassas Campaign. He served briefly with a Louisiana battalion before he was captured in August 1862. Redwood was exchanged in September 1862. After serving with the regimental Commissary Department in the winter of 1862-1863, he was the Regimental Sergeant Major of the 55th Virginia.
Redwood was stunned by a shell fragment at Chancellorsville, wounded in action in his right elbow at Gettysburg, and had his horse shot from under him at Pollard's Farm. He served as orderly to Major-General Lunsford Lomax. Redwood was captured near Somerton, Virginia in April 1865 and released two months later.

After the war, Redwood had studios in Baltimore and New York City where he illustrated and wrote articles about the Civil War for Century, Scribner's, and Harper's magazines. His paintings and writings were mostly based on his experiences in the 55th Virginia. He was an accomplished author, writing, Stonewall, Memories from the Ranks and Other Places. Redwood traveled to the West in 1882. In 1898, Harper's magazine sent him to Cuba to cover the Spanish American War.

Redwood's works are prominently featured in the collections of the De Young Museum in San Francisco, the Phoenix Art Museum, and the Virginia Historical Society.

John R. Chapin Original Ink Drawing: Bugler. Pen and ink on paper. 8.5" x 11". Signed lower left J. R. Chapin.

John R. Chapin was a successful New York artist and illustrator in the 19th Century. His works appeared in many publications of the era including Harper's Magazine. He produced this illustration and it was engraved by George T. Andrew for use in Warren Lee Goss' Recollections of a Private, New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1890. The illustration was used at the head of chapter five in the book as published.

The drawing is slightly soiled, otherwise it is in near fine condition.

August Köllner Original Watercolor Sketch: Military Camp. Pencil and watercolor on paper. 7" x 4.5", mounted on paper to an overall size of 10.25" x 8.75". Unsigned. "Pottsville, Pa / Sept. 1863" lower left corner.

August Köllner (1813-1906) is a listed American artist who worked in a variety of mediums including oil, pencil and watercolor. This watercolor sketch features a horse with its back leg slightly raised. One wonders if the leg is wounded from battle or if August Köllner has just captured the horse at rest. The artist's subtle use of color gives the sketch a sepia appearance. There is a small horizontal blemish just above the horse's head, otherwise the sketch is in near fine condition.

August Köllner Original Field Sketch of Horse-Drawn Artillery In Action. Pen and ink on paper. 11.5" x 6.75". Mounted on heavy board. Unsigned. "Feby. 21st 1860" lower right corner.

August Köllner (1813-1906), listed in the Dictionary of American Artists, Sculptors and Engravers, worked in a variety of mediums including oil, pencil and watercolor. A note along the lower margin reads "sketch for watercolor". The sketch has horizontal wrinkles from uneven paper shrinkage, some toning, and a few light spots, otherwise nothing detracts from the sketch. An excellent action image in very good condition.

John R. Chapin Original Ink Drawing: A Zouave. Pen and ink on paper. 7" x 10.25". A Zouave after a sketch by J. H. Goater. Signed lower left J. R. Chapin.

John R. Chapin (1823-1907) was a successful New York artist who worked for Harper's Magazine and was a noted field artist during the Civil War. His most famous sketch was The Surrender of Lee's Army of Northern Virginia, April 12, 1865 which resides in the Library of Congress. Chapin produced this illustration and it was engraved by George T. Andrew for use in Warren Lee Goss' Recollections of a Private, New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1890. There are printing instructions in holograph in the lower margin of the drawing including the notes "reduce to 2 inches wide" and "Chap IX". In fact the illustration was used at the head of chapter ten in the book as published.

The drawing is slightly soiled with small pin holes in each corner, otherwise it is in very good condition.

Chromolithograph: "Execution of the Thirty-Eight Sioux Indians at Mankato Minnesota December 26, 1862." 21.5" x 17", 1883. This historic event occurred after the Dakota Conflict of 1862, the armed conflict between the United States and several groups of Santee Sioux Indians along the Minnesota River. These skirmishes and fights resulted in the largest mass execution in the history of the United States; 38 Sioux were hanged in Mankato, Minnesota on charges of murder or rape. The event is masterfully depicted in this print made by Hayes Litho Company, Buffalo, New York.

Lot of Nine Civil War Confederate Notes .50-$500 1864. Set of nine Confederate notes: 50¢ Jeff Davis 1864; $1 Clement C. Clay 1864 $2 Judah P. Benjamin 1864; $5 C G Memminger 1864; $10 R.M.T. Hunter 1864; $20 Alexander H. Stephens 1864; $50 Jeff Davis, $100 John C. Calhoun 1862; and $500 General Stone Wall Jackson, 1864.

Condition: Notes are in excellent condition. The 2$, $5, $10, $20, & $100 uncirculated. The 50¢, $1, & $50 almost uncirculated; the $500 extra fine.

Eleven Consecutively Numbered 1864 Issue $10 Confederate Notes. Series of February 17, 1864. Consecutively hand-numbered from 30670 through 30680. All extremely fine and in uncirculated condition.

Lot of 101 Civil War Confederate Currency Notes $5 to $100, ca. 1862 & 1864. Lot includes: one $5 Milledgeville, Georgia note; eleven T-69 $5 C G Memminger 1864 notes; fifty-three T-68 $10 R.M.T. Hunter notes; five T-66 $20 Alexander H. Stephens 1864 notes; fourteen $50 T-66 Jeff Davis 1864 notes (two sets of four consecutive number notes included); sixteen $100 T-65 John C. Calhoun 1864 notes; and one $100 Richmond 1862 note with train vignette.

Condition: Most notes are excellent condition.

Civil War Adjudicated Claims Certificates, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Group lot of fifteen partially printed certificates, each measuring 14.5" x 8.75", dated January 1, 1872, printed by the American Bank Note Co., Philadelphia. Each certificate is made out to a different individual in accordance to their claim made "as adjudicated under the act entitle 'An Act to authorize the liquidation of damages sustained by citizens of Pennsylvania during the late rebellion'". These certificates were issued for damages sustained either during the 1862 and 1864 Confederate raids into Chambersburg, PA, or during the 1863 Gettysburg Campaign. Signed by Governor John Geary, who had served as a divisional commander with the Union 12th Corps at Gettysburg, and later served two terms as Governor of Pennsylvania between 1867-73. Counter-signed by State Auditor J.F. Hartranft who also served with the Union army. Hartranft was retroactively awarded a Medal of Honor in 1886 for gallantry at the First Bull Run, and also served two terms as Governor of Pennsylvania. Condition varies from good to near fine and should be examined.

Civil War Recruiting Broadside, 56th Massachusetts Regiment (1st Veteran Volunteer Infantry), c.1863. Published by Morrill & Son's Job Printing House, Boston, one page, 8.25" x 12.5". The broadside, printed over the name "Jas. W. Cartwright, 2d Lieut., And Recruiting Officer", in part, reads:

"Attention Returned Soldiers!"

"We are hailing with joy the news of the capture of Vicksburg, Port Hudson, and the opening of the Mississippi River; the defeat of Johnson and capture of Jackson, the capital of Mississippi, and favorable news of the progress of the siege of Charleston.... Come forward, then, and answer to the call of Government for Veterans. It is certainly not unreasonable to suppose that if our army is suitably reinforced, and soon, that we shall be witness of the end of this Rebellion and the traitor's doom, within the next nine months."

"Although the large Bounty, etc., will be paid every soldier enlisting, I will not so presume upon the noble qualities that actuate a true man in fighting for the preservation of his country, as to suppose that you can be bought by any pecuniary consideration I can offer you, but at the same time it cannot be denied that the large Bounty and Pay offered will be a decided benefit to most all."

Minor paper loss at the folds and archival repair on the verso, else, near fine.

James W. Cartwright was born on April 3, 1842 in Boston, Massachusetts. By 1860 he worked as a clerk in Boston at his grandfather Charles W. Cartwright's firm, The Manufacturers Insurance Co. In August 1862, with the onset of the civil war, James enlisted in the Union Army. He was given the rank of Corporal in Company "E," 44th Infantry Regiment Massachusetts, one of the new militia units raised to fill the quota of Massachusetts under the call for nine months troops. After combat service is North Carolina, the regiment was mustered out on June 18, 1863.

Cartwright reenlisted in July 1863 as a Lieutenant 2nd Class in the 56th Infantry Regiment Massachusetts. He was named recruiting officer for this, the First Veteran Regiment. Cartwright successfully recruited for the regiment during the fall and winter of 1863. He was then promoted to Lieutenant 1st Class and again to Captain in November 1863.

The regiment was assigned to Burnside's (9th) Corps. In April 1864, the corps followed the rest of the Army of the Potomac into the Wilderness, Virginia. The 56th Massachusetts Infantry participated in the Wilderness Campaign, the Battles of Spotsylvania, the North Anna River, Bethesda Church, Cold Harbor, and Petersburg, where James Cartwright was wounded a second time. After pursuing the enemy as far as Burkesville, the regiment held them there until the end of hostilities.

Confederate Proclamation By "R.E. Lee," Headquarters Army N. Va. 1862 This is an original proclamation distributed by the Confederate Army, near Frederick Town, 8, September, 1862. Prior to the battle of Sharpsburg (Antietam). Dr. C. C. Cox was brigadier surgeon in the Union Army. This document was found in his personal papers. In part, "To the people of Maryland: It is right that you should know the purpose that has brought the Army under my command within the limits of your state, so far as that purpose concerns yourselves. The people of the Confederate States have long watched with the deepest sympathy the wrongs and outrages that been inflicted upon the citizens of a Commonwealth, allied to the States of the South by the strongest social, political and commercial ties. They have seen with profound indignation their sister state deprived of every right, and refused to the condition of a conquered Province... believing that the people of Maryland possessed a sprit too lofty to submit to such a government, the people of the South have long wished to aid you in throwing off this foreign yoke, to enable you again to enjoy the inalienable rights of freemen, and restore independence and sovereignty to your State... This Army will respect your choice whatever it may be, and while the Southern people will rejoice to welcome you to your natural position among them, they will only welcome you when you come of your own free will. R. E. Lee, General Commanding." Very rare item from the Confederate States of America. Measures approximately 10.5" x 7.5" , mounted in frame 16" x 18".

Condition: Fine - very fine, light folds.

1864 Texas Broadside Concerning Peace, Reconstruction, and Independence. One page, 8.25" x 13.25", printed on one side, with embossed Texas Secretary of State seal, dated November 15, 1864, signed by Texas Secretary of State Robert J. Townes, slightly toned with a few chips along the margins, else very good.

This document approved November 12, 1864 lists eight resolutions regarding the question of reunion with the United States and the unlikelihood of that event occurring. The document is rife with rather inflammatory rhetoric of which a few examples will suffice:

"Our enemies have repudiated every principle of civilized warfare. They have withdrawn their felons from Jails and Penitentiaries, have recruited from the scum of Europe, and armed our own slaves, in order to procure an army sufficiently atrocious for their purposes..."

"Lying to themselves, and pretending to the rest of the world that they are fighting the battle of freedom for four millions of happy and contented negroes, they are attempting the enslavement of eight millions of freemen. With devilish mockery of philanthropy, they have deluded and dragged these negroes from their comfortable homes to use them as screens from our weapons in the day of battle..."

"Our chaste and defenceless women have been submitted to outrage worse than death."

"Religious services have been prohibited; ministers of the gospel and peace have been incarcerated...".

Parrish 4188.

Rare Confederate Broadside Gen. Bradley T. Johnson of Maryland 1862. This is the only know Confederate broadside from Maryland issued by General Bradley T. Johnson. September 8, 1862. "TO THE PEOPLE OF MARYLAND. After sixteen months of oppression more galling than the Austrian tyranny, the victorious army of the south brings freedom to your doors. Its standard now of Maryland, who during the last long months, have been crushed under the heel of this terrible despotism now have the opportunity for working out their own redemption for which they have so long waited and suffered and hoped." Very rare broadside calling for Maryland recruits to join the Confederate struggle, Johnson signs as "Colonel C.S.A." as he exhorts his fellow Marylanders. "You must now do your part... Remember the cells of Fort McHenry! Remember the dungeons of Lafayette and Fort Warren: the insults to your wives and daughters, the arrests, the midnight searches of your houses! Remember these wrongs, and rise at once in arms and strike for Liberty and right." Johnson would indeed raise one regiment of Marylanders and lead these very men in Jackson's Valley Campaign.

Exceedingly RARE broadside as there are not many Confederate Maryland Units. Purportedly four examples exist in institutions, this being the only one in private hands. Broadside measures 14.5" x 13.75". Framed in gilded frame to an overall 16" x 15.5".

Condition: Very good-fine condition, some discoloration, light creases, has upper left corner missing approximately 1.25" x1.50" just touches letter "T".

"To the People of Alabama!" General Orders No. 9 1864 Broadside. One page, 9" x 14.5", printed document, Montgomery, March 3, 1865, moderately foxed and slightly chipped along the edges, with old fold creases, otherwise very good.

In an effort to mobilize troops for a threatened invasion "from the north, on the south, and on the west" Alabama Governor T. H. Watts issues a call for "All men and boys, who belong to the 1st class "County Reserves" who are not, by the laws of this State, compelled to do military service...and who are willing to volunteer for the defense of their homes, their mothers, their wives, their daughters and their sisters, are directed to report to the commandant of the 'State Militia'". At this stage of the war it is obvious that Alabama is drawing upon their last resort of manpower considering that the 1st class classification consisted of "boys between 16 and 17 years old and men between 50 and 60 years of age". Though the irony was probably lost on Governor Watts, he repeated uses the threat of slavery to goad his fellow citizens to action: "We must either become slaves to Yankee masters...subjecting us and our children and our children's children to a slavery worse than Egyptian bondage...etc.". A rare document concerning the poor state of the Confederate army in the waning days of the war.

Civil War Broadside: "100 Men Wanted for the War," 1861. Scarce broadside recruiting Union forces from Salem. Mass. "The undersigned has been authorized, by the governor, to raise a company to go to the 19th Regiment, for immediate service. He desires that it be a company worthy of old Essex, and calls upon all able-bodied men, who desire to serve their country, to enlist forth with." Salem, July 2, 1861. They were organized at camp Schoulder and left for Washington, August 28, 1861. Very nice item. Measures approximately 13" x 19"

Condition: Very good, some water stains, foxing & discoloration.

Original Pencil Sketch of Beaufort, South Carolina for Harper's Weekly, December 14, 1861. The unsigned sketch, 13.3" x 3.5", is attractively matted with a copy of the final printed version, on page 788 of the December 14, 1861 issue of Harper's. The overall size is 19.25" x 19.25". Fine. The description of the sketch as it appeared in Harper's:
BEAUFORT, SOUTH CAROLINA./ Our special artist at Hilton Head, South Carolina, has been to Beaufort, and sends us the sketches which we reproduce on pages 788 and 789. He writes as follows concerning them.
BEAUFORT AND ITS SCENES/ The landing-place for the steamers which formerly ran inland between Savannah and Charleston is now used by our forces as their place of debarkation. Among the prominent buildings is the Arsenal, which was built by the United States Government, and a part of which was used as a light-house and buoy depot. It has since been used by the secessionists for various military purposes. On the arrival of the United States steamship McClellan, Captain Gray, she was surrounded by boats loaded with fruits, sweet potatoes, chickens, etc., gathered by the slaves, who importuned the Captain to purchase their small but many cargoes. Captain Saxton, the Quarter-master of the Division, accompanied the McClellan to Beaufort, and succeeded in getting on board and in tow about 100,000 feet of valuable lumber. The Street In Beaufort displays the prison, etc., and which, like all the other buildings, was deserted by the whites. The rebel look-out was in the belfry of the Baptist Church, which commanded a view of the town, river, shell road, etc. On being visited by our party an empty decanter, two glasses, and a pitcher of water were found.

"Outbreak of the Rebellion in the United States 1861" Lithograph, ca. 1865. Beautiful color lithograph of Miss Liberty, Abraham Lincoln, James Buchanan, Jeff Davis and Alexander Stephens. Entered according to Act of Congress 1865, by Kimmel & Foster in clerk's office, etc.

Lithograph is the Republican's version of the war, with contributions of the capitalists who pour out their treasure at Mr. Lincoln's and Miss Liberty's feet. John Floyd, a member of James Buchanan's accused corruption, greedily rakes in the gold coins across the splitting countryside. Jeff Davis and Alexander H. Stephens, are portrayed just behind the tearing flag. The broken shackle anachronistically refers to the abolition of slavery. James Buchanan slumbers through the crisis. Measures approximately 27.75" x 22".

Condition: Fine, light foxing, chips on edges, image if very nice, and old tape residue verso.

Bird's-Eye View Color Lithograph of Confederate Prison Pen, North Carolina, 1886. By J. H. Bufford's & Sons Boston, New York & Chicago. Depiction from 1864 of a prisoner of war camp in Salisbury, North Carolina. No. 1, cotton factory. 2, old blacksmith shop. 3, old well. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, brick houses used for officer prisoners. 10, Confederate headquarters. 11, soup house. & 12, hole from which prisoners tunneled and escaped.

This is the only Confederate prison that was located in North Carolina. The prison was established on November 2, 1861. The site consisted of sixteen acres within and contiguous to the town of Salisbury. Measures approximately 37.75" x 27.50"

Condition: Very good, has large tear upper left corner, been repaired with tape, some foxing, small tears bottom edge, image has some light water stains.

Fantastic Abraham Lincoln Autograph Endorsement Signed as President of the United States "A. Lincoln". One page, 12" x 8", [Washington], April 30, 1862, toned, with small tears in the fold creases, else bright, legible and in fine condition.

As if a Lincoln endorsement wasn't exceptional enough, the background to this lot makes it all the more special. Lincoln has added his note to a ten page, 8" x 12.52" petition by the officers and members of the 71st Regiment of the New York State Militia to reinstate John I. Vosburgh to his position as Inspector of Customs. This fantastic manuscript petition begins by extolling the regiment's history to date in the war "...marched from Annapolis to the Capital after the breaking out of the Rebellion...crossed the Potomac and participated in the Battle of Bull Run". The document then shifts to pay honor to Abram S. Vosburgh (also spelled Vosburg), the Regiment's recently deceased commander and son of the John Vosburgh in question who "died at his post at the quarters of the Regiment at the Navy Yard in the City of Washington." The petition then goes on to lay out the elder Vosburgh's case: "that he was on the 18th day of February removed from his office as an Inspector of Customs. That no charges were ever preferred against the said John I. Vosburgh...that no cause ever existed for removing him to his knowledge...has all his life been a firm supporter of the Government and of the Constitution." The pitiful financial condition of Vosburgh and his family is described and finally the officer's and men of the regiment request that "Your Excellency ...appoint Mr. John I. Vosburgh to some position in customs or some other department of the Government which he is competent to fill...as a token of appreciation of the services of a Grandfather, Father, and Son in the cause of the Union."

Lincoln's endorsement reads: "If Mr. Barrey can find a situation for Mr. Vosburgh, father of Col. Vosburgh of the New York 71st & who died at Washington last year, I shall be obliged. A. Lincoln April 30, 1862". One wonders at the reasons for the elder Vosburgh's dismissal from his customs post. Certainly these are documents worthy of further research.

[Ulysses S. Grant] J. R. Grant Autograph Letter Signed Requesting a Promotion for U.S. Grant. Great content and association ALS "J.R. Grant", 2pp. and conjoined address cover, 7.5" x 9.5", Bethel, Feb. 21, 1848, writing to Congressman J.D. Morris asking for his help in securing a promotion for Ulysses who was currently serving during the Mexican War. In part: "... He [Ulysses S. Grant] has been in the south nearly four years during which time he has not asked a leave... He has been nearly two years QM of his Regiments & was not necessarily required to incur the risk & danger of the 'Battle field' and yet you may see from the reports of Maj [Robert E.] Lee who commands the 4th Infantry that Ulysses has not only been in every battle fought by [Zachary] Taylor and [Winfield] Scott while he was with them, but he has taken an active and conspicuous part in all of them. He was one of the Stormers at Chapultapec, & you may see in Gen. Worth's report of the 16th of Sept. 'especially distinguished'..." Grant, like many future Civil War Generals, gained valuable experience during service in the Mexican War. Grant would later be critical of the war, and would write in his memoirs: "I was bitterly opposed to the measure, and to this day, regard the war, which resulted, as one of the most unjust ever waged by a stronger against a weaker nation." This is a great association letter, linking him directly to Robert E. Lee with whom he served in the 4th Infantry. Accompanied by J.D. Morris' letter of transmittal addressed to President James Polk. Both items in near fine condition.

Napoleon Jackson Tecumseh Dana Autograph Manuscript Signed "N. J. T. Dana". 183 pages in four bound sets, 8.25" x 13", New York, [no date], being chapters seven to twenty-two of his unpublished work Red Men and White, Cherokees, Seminoles and Soldiers, a history of the Seminole Wars. Dana (1822-1897) served with distinction in the Mexican War in the Battle of Monterey, the siege of Vera Cruz, and was severely wounded at the Battle of Cerro Gordo. As major general in Civil War, he was wounded at Antietam, commanded the Expedition by Sea to the Rio Grande in 1863, and was in command of the District of Vicksburg in 1864. Other writings of Napoleon Dana were extensively quoted in the PBS series "U.S-Mexican War"

Condition: Good, marginal chips and tears, with some losses, evenly browned and toned

Elizabeth "Libbie" Custer War Date Autograph Letter to Her Husband, Major General George Armstrong Custer. Four pages, 5" x 8", Washington, October 29, [1864], in ink, with original transmittal envelope hand addressed by Mrs. Custer.

This extraordinary letter was written shortly after George Armstrong Custer had been breveted Major General of Volunteers for his gallant conduct at the Battle of Cedar Creek (October 19, 1864). Libby references the battle in her letter. The transmittal envelope is addressed to "General G. A. Custer / 3rd Division Cavalry / Middle Military Department". The two had been married just a few months previously in February and the tone of Libbie's letter very much reflects their newlywed status. She begins her letter "My darling boy Autie..." and virtually the entire letter contains intimate content.

Libbie writes, in part: "I feel such a longing to see you tonight. I'm all ready to receive a card from you my darling - The hearth is swept & the fire bright and the room is cheerful if only the one who lately was here would come again...oh wouldn't I be so glad to be there with you tonight! I suppose you have your happy family about you - my corn & your dogs and squerril [sic]. Do you think you would make an exchange tonight and take me instead of your pets! I would promise you something 'to boot'...I know you think you rank me but you don't for though I did not fight all the battles I think I have seen a great many persons wear the laurels who did not win them. So remember unless you ride right by my side whenever I go out, I won't go at all. Now aint[sic] you sorry you are married because you have a wife who says wont to you and 'she can't do forty things at once'...Since you showed me what nice fires you could make last winter I have him trying your place this fall and oh such nice fires as I can make! They make me think of our old Virginia fire place and Mrs. Tripletts. Oh Autie did ever any two people have such nice times as we do...Mrs. Page took me out to Soldier's Home today. She was so pleased with your promotion & safety. She says Mr. Page says you are the most brilliant cavalry officer in the service and one of the Richmond papers gives you all the credit of the last valley victory. I want to get the paper with the Rebel Extract... All the cannon of an army seemed to be passing tonight. Lieut Wallis & Captain Dodge have just called and confirm what I hear this afternoon that the artillery was that captured in the valley. I was so proud as I saw it passing by I stood in the sidewalk and watched it and thought proudly that my boy had captured it nearly all. Oh but these gentlemen have disturbed me so by saying Early - No Johnson is now in command I believe may make another attack. Oh my darling why must it be - I began to feel a little safe but now I must be anxious again. Oh when will these troubles cease! Do you really think that there will be another battle this fall. Oh if there is Autie heed I beg you to take care of yourself...Ever you dear Libbie"

This is a fantastic and wonderfully intimate war-date letter, slightly toned with the usual fold creases, otherwise bright, extremely legible and in fine condition.

William T. Sherman Autograph Letter Signed as Commanding General of the United States Army "W. T. Sherman". Four pages, 5" x 8", Headquarters Army of the United States letterhead, Washington, July 30, 1881, ink, to Mrs. Mary Audenreid, the widow of his aide-de-camp, Joseph Audenreid.

Scarcely four weeks after President James A. Garfield was shot by Charles J. Guiteau and as he lay dying in the White House, Sherman writes the widow of his former aide-de-camp "Washington is dull now, the more so because the President still lies on his bed of pain & anguish - Think of his case & contrast it with your own - I think his life is safe but the Doctors will not fix a time when he can be moved to a safer climate." In fact, Garfield was moved to the Jersey Shore later that September in hopes that the fresh air would speed his recovery but he succumbed to his wounds (and his doctors' incompetence) on September 19, 1881.

The remainder of the letter is an attempt by Sherman to brighten the spirits of the widow Audenreid who appears unable to reconcile herself to her husband's death. Sherman reminds the widow that "You have father, mother, brother, sisters and friends without number & ought not to be lonely."

An excellent association letter between the Civil War hero Sherman and the mortally wounded president. The letter is slightly toned and bears the usual fold creases, otherwise it is fine.

Ulysses S. Grant War Date Autograph Letter Signed as Major General "U. S. Grant". One page, 8" x 10", Headquarters, Holly Springs, Mississippi, December 23, 1862, in ink, to Colonel John Van Deusen DuBois, slightly toned with old fold creases, else fine.

Grant writes in full: "Col. You will proceed by first train of Pass going North from this place to Benton Barracks, Mo. in charge of the prisoners paroled at this place on the 20th inst. Cause complete rolls to be made of the prisoners on the route there and furnish one copy to the commanding officer at Benton Barracks and send one roll to these Hd. Quarters. Rations can be drawn at the different posts on the route as required, taking enough from Columbus, or Cairo, to last through to St. Louis. Having performed this duty report to the Gen in Chief of the Army, by letter, for further instructions. Respectfully &c. U. S. Grant Maj. Gen.".

This letter was written just three days after Confederate General Earl Van Dorn's raid on Grant's major supply depot at Holly Springs. The raid represented a stunning defeat for Grant as countless wagons, railroad cars and buildings loaded with supplies were burned. The date of the letter is curious as Van Dorn remained in the area for a few days after the raid and by all accounts was in complete control of the town.

George A. Custer Signed Endorsement as Brigadier General. Penned on the verso of a request for a medical discharge on verso; paper measuring approximately 3.5" x 2", and dated "Head Quarters, Nov. 19, 1863", the same day that Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg address.

At the start of the Civil War, Custer was a cadet at the United States Military Academy. Due to the sudden need for military conscripts, his class's graduation was accelerated so they could begin fighting the war. Custer served at the First Battle of Bull Run and was a staff officer for Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan in the Army of the Potomac's 1862 Peninsula Campaign. In 1863, early in the Gettysburg Campaign, Custer's association with cavalry commander Maj. Gen. Alfred Pleasonton earned him promotion from first lieutenant to brigadier general of volunteers at the age of 23.

This small piece of paper, torn from a letter and written on the back in a secretarial hand, reads: "Approved and respectfully forwarded," and is boldly signed "GA Custer."

Condition: Fine. Encased in Lucite.

General William T. Sherman 1864 Autograph Letter Signed, July 23, 1864, In the Field near Atlanta, Georgia, three pages, 7.75" x 9.75", Headquarters, Military Division of the Mississippi letterhead. In this report to General Lorenzo Thomas, Adjutant General, U.S. Army, Sherman writes (in part): "General, it is my painful duty to report that Brig Genl Jas. B. McPherson, U.S. Army Maj. Gen. of Vols. and commander of the Army of the Tennessee in the Field, was killed by a shot from ambuscade about noon of yesterday. At the time of this fatal shot, he was on horseback placing his troops in Position near the City of Atlanta, and was passing by a cross Road from a morning Column toward the flank of troops that had already been established on the Line. He had quitted me but a few moments before and was on his way to see in person to the Execution of my orders. About the time of this sad event the enemy had sallied from his Entrenchment around Atlanta and had by a circuit got to the Left and rear of this very Line and had begun an attack which resulted in serious Battle, so that Genl McPherson fell in Battle, booted and spurred as the Gallant Knight and Gentleman should wish. Not his the Loss. But the Country and the Army will mourn his death and cherish his Memory as that of one who though comparatively young, had risen by his merit and ability to the command of one of the best armies which the Nation had called into existence to vindicate its honor and integrity. History tells us of but few who so blended the grace & gentleness of the Friend with the dignity, courage, faith and manliness of the Soldier. His public enemies, even the men who directed the fatal shot ne'er spoke or wrote of him without expressions of marked respect those whom he commanded loved him even to idolatry: and I his associate and commander fail in words adequate to express my opinion of his great worth. I feel assured that every patriot in America on hearing this sad news will feel a sense of personal loss and the Country generally will realize that we have lost not only an able Military leader who, had he survived, was qualified to lead the nationwide strife which has been raised by designing and ambitious Men. I am with great respect, W. T. Sherman / Brig Genl Army." This eloquent letter with substantial historical content was written just before Sherman's famous March to the Sea and the Battle of Atlanta. Major General James B. McPherson was the highest ranking Union officer killed during the Civil War. Fine condition with original folds and a slight separation at foot of spine fold.

Confederate General George E. Pickett Autograph Letter Signed "George ", one page, 8" x 10", front and verso, [n.p., n.d.], in pencil, to his wife. In full, "Friday Jackerie says he took no others but those from Mr Stratton to you - I expect probably Charlie intended to send some (not these however as he knows nothing about them) nor did I have anything to do with them - I have nothing to send my Chula today except about a mouthful of huckleberries. I had Bob hunting for them all day - Kershaw's Division is camping hereabouts and have cleaned up the blackberries - Darling, yes, your husband loves the little boy, he's yours and mine, don't I love everything belonging to you - when you suffered so much in bringing the little being into the world could I help loving it - I will learn too to love him for himself. I don't expect him to be a giant either in size or intellect. That he will be good looking I have very little doubt, that he will be good I hope, and as that depends upon his mother's educating him properly I have not a doubt on that point - but precious avoid all discussion about the looks of any companion - I think you and I both know E.R.B. pretty well - of that anon - I am glad you wrote for those letters, of course they will be returned or they will say they have been, in which case they will either have been lost or they will be telling a... (stet). I enclose you a long letter from your Aunt to your Uncle Jasper. I have not had time to read it all. I merely glanced at her last part - Do not read it yourself until tomorrow, 'tis so long and may just serve to excite you - Darling I left the handkerchief which you said was not mine in your room. Charlie thinks 'tis his - please, darling, do have it washed and returned to Lizzie - best love to sister and my Aunts. Ask Broxton to have Bob's slaves sent - in - Did you get sugar all right - your own, own devoted loving, George ".

This lengthy letter from General George E. Pickett to his wife, LaSalle Corbell "Sallie" Pickett is filled with personal and intimate information, including references to their newborn son. The letter would have been written after their son's birth in July 1863 and before the end of the Civil War in 1865. Written in pencil, lightly faded, aged paper, toning on verso, light folds are worn, repaired with tape, small holes in center, chipping on all edges, rough right edge, good condition.

Confederate General George E. Pickett Autograph Letter Signed "George ", one page, 5.5" x 8.5", front and verso, Hanover Junction, [n.d.], in pencil. In full, "I leave here in a few moments - Division has gone, will overtake it in a couple of hours - will reach (Carlisle) about three days - I trust that my darling sweet Sallie that you are not suffering this morning but 'tis hope in vain for I know you are - Col D. promised to take my ugly likeness to you today - I had already previously asked my sister to attend to it - but thought the Col could attend sooner - write by Jackerie and then send another letter to (Carlisle) Don't get sick precious - try and keep your heart unclouded - I will if 'tis possible be with you again before long never to part I hope - In haste my own darling from your own George Hanover Junction - Monday Morning ".

General George E. Pickett and his division arrived at Hanover Junction, Virginia in late May 1863, in preparation for an advance into Pennsylvania during the Gettysburg Campaign, General Lee's second invasion of the North. On June 24th General Pickett's division crossed the Potomac River at Williamsport and made camp on the Maryland shore. This letter could place him in Hanover Junction, VA during that campaign, hastily composing a note to be delivered to his sweetheart LaSalle Corbell, whom he called "Sallie". This would be prior to the Battle of Gettysburg and before his marriage to Sallie in September 1863, as indicated by the omission of "Husband" before his signature, which appears in his letters after the Battle of Gettysburg. His growing passion for Sallie was becoming an obsession, distracting his attention from his military obligations. The emphasis given to "... never to part..." hints at his plans for marriage on his eventual return to Petersburg. His mention of "Jackerie" refers most likely to the division's mail-carrier. Written hurriedly in pencil, the handwriting is still legible and clear. Light grey paper with blue lines, folds are weak and slightly worn, toning on left edge at fold and on verso, rough right edge, very good condition.

Confederate General George E. Pickett Letter Signed "George ", one page, 8" x 5", front and verso, [n.p., n.d.], in ink. In full, "(Stultz) takes over a small keg my pet with some apples and quite a nice present of butter in a dish from Jackerie - he is a trump aint he? I send also a note for you from Aunt Sophia which I opened by accident - I have just gotten a telegram from Milligan which says Stratton and Small have arrived. What do you think of that my prettice? Blair has not come down yet - I wait for him - will come home so soon as I get through with him. Breckenridge has gained quite a victory in East Tenn. Capturing six pieces of artillery and 50 wagons Bye Bye sweet one - Your own George ".

Possibly written before September, 1863, this letter from General George E. Pickett is to his sweetheart, LaSalle Corbell. He mentions the victory of "Breckenridge" in Tennessee, which is possibly a reference to Confederate General John C. Breckinridge's participation in the Stones River Campaign on December 29, 1862. Slight fading from age, toning on verso, light folds, rough edge at bottom, ink is clear and legible, fine condition.

Confederate General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson Autograph Letter Signed "T. J. Jackson". Two pages, bifolia, light blue plain paper, 7.75" x 9.75", Lexington, Virginia, October 12, 1852, to "My Dear Truheart", ink. Includes engraving of Jackson from an original Nast painting. Jackson was a Confederate Civil War general, one of the most revered southern generals after General Lee. His letter here reads, in full: " Lexington, Va October 12 1852 My dear Truheart: Your very kind letter has been received with the enclosed Land warrant. Please to accept my thanks for your kindness in procuring the warrant and if I can at any time reciprocate in any way, do not hesitate to speak frankly. I have returned the warrant to Washington for correction. I am highly pleased at your having gone to the University, and sincerely hope that distinction will not only reward you whilst there, but in your future career at the Bar. Massie was saying to me a few days since, that in his opinion you can succeed well in the legal profession. I was with your father for some time at the Alum Springs during the past summer, and should have been very glad had you been with us; but as such could not be, we had alone to reap the most enjoyment possible, which to me was not a little. You must endeavor to come up on the 4th of July next at farthest. I suppose that you are aware of Mr. Harris a graduate of 1851 being here in Maj. Prestons Department. Major Preston will soon leave for the west on business. During the past few days, we have been favored with a series of interesting experiments in Electro-Byology by a Mr. Hale. Our little Lecture room has been crowded so that one evening I suppose that the number equaled, if it did not surpass four hundred. Things here are going smoothly. Major Gilhelms family has returned and is living in his new house. When ever you can spare a leisure moment, let me hear from you. Your much attached friend, T. J. Jackson". Usual vertical and horizontal folds, and mild edge wear, else fine. An intimate and friendly pre-Civil War letter from one of the most gifted tactical commanders in military history.

Jefferson Davis 1875 Autograph Letter Signed "Jefferson Davis". Four pages, 8" x 10", Memphis, August 15, 1875, in ink, to Mr. P. Kimball, Secretary of the Winnebago County Agricultural Society, slightly toned with the usual fold creases, else fine.

An interesting letter illustrative of the lingering bad feelings between north and south a decade after the conclusion of the Civil War. Davis cancels a speaking engagement before an Illinois agricultural society after a number of its members protest his inclusion. He then goes on to give three reasons for originally accepting the invitation. He writes, in part: "...first the hope that personal intercourse might remove some of the prejudices which had been generated by partisan petions [sic, petitions] and nurtured by individual and sectional hate...to promote the interest of our great valley of the Mississippi...the second...to recognize the county of your Board, and I was encouraged to believe that your reception of me would be beneficial, rather than injurious to your Association...the third object was to gratify a wish long entertained to see in the cultivated dress, a country known by me as a trackless wilderness...". Regarding his last point, Davis was referring to his posting at Fort Winnebago early in his military career in 1829.

Colonel John S. "RIP" Ford War-dated Handwritten Orders Signed Twice. Throughout the Texas Revolution and the Civil War, Colonel John "RIP" Ford relied heavily and confidently upon Captain John J. Dix, Jr. for support and assistance. In April 1864, Colonel Ford, as commander of the Texas Expeditionary Forces, recommended Dix for a Confederate officer's commission. This brief letter orders Dix to begin taking on his new duties as Agent of the Subsistence Department.

One page, 8" x 9", "Reynoso, July 20, 1864." In full: "Sir, You, as Agent of the Chief Qr. Master of the Expdy Forces will at once enter in your duties as such and discharge the same to the best of your abilities and all Officers and Soldiers of These forces are required to aid and assist you in the service. [signed] John S. Ford, Col. Comdg."

Below the order is a penciled pass, also in Ford's hand, allowing Dix to go to Edinburg, also dated July 20, 1864, with a second signature "John S Ford Col. Com'd." Endorsed on verso in another hand, "Appointment as Agent by Col Jno S Ford" and added under that "and passport."

Charged with acquisitioning food, arms, livestock, and various other materials, Dix procured enough beef, pork, lard, vinegar, molasses, coffee, rice, beans, pickles, flour, salt, sugar, and tobacco for 1500 men. Dix was also responsible for acquiring enough hay and corn to feed saddle horses, pack animals, and wagon teams.

Condition: Heavily age toned; small chip at right edge and at lower edge. Fine.

Robert E. Lee Civil War-dated Autograph Endorsement Signed on verso of an ALS by Robert F. Astrop, one page, 7.5" x 12", Brunswick County, Virginia, June 1, 1861. Astrop, a 48-year-old merchant, had written to the Adjutant General in Richmond proposing to organize a guerilla force. In full: "I propose to organize one or two thousand of the Home guards, in Brunswick and adjacent counties as a guerilla force, for the protection of our vicinity in case of need, or to annoy the enemy that may be passing through Virginia. We will arm and equip ourselves in our own way, at our own expense, and have no pay or reward for our services. I must have no superiors but those above the rank of Major general, such as our gov. President Davis etc. None will join my division but by consent. / Protection for our homes is our main object and to annoy an invading army in the manner of Rangers. Without my consent we will not be compelled to act beyond the bounds of such of our neighboring counties as you may think proper to place under my authority. I served in the Mex. War in Capt. Talbott's Comp. as a Lieut. Was Lieut. Col. Va 96th Regt.. M. a Member Association for the Advancement of Science etc. etc. and beg leave to refer you to Gen. James L. Kemper & Gen. I. P. August (and I think Gen. Wool will remember my name & signature!) "

Lee has written and signed on verso: "Hdqrs Va. Forces Richmond June 8th. Respectfully referred to Adj't Gen'l W.K. Richardson, as the matter does not come under my supervision. R. E. Lee Gen'l Comd'g". The letter was then directed to the attention of the Governor.

In very good to near fine condition, save a small hole at the center of the letter caused by the opening of the wax seal. Paper loss is well away from Lee's holograph, and affects only two words of text.

Robert E. Lee War-dated Check. Rare war-dated Autograph Document Signed "RE Lee", a check entirely in Lee's hand, drawn on the "Farmers bank of Virginia at Richmond", 7.5" x 3" (sight), Richmond, July 13, 1861, made payable to himself in the amount of $200.00. The second signature in the lower right has been clipped away, but document remains complete. Framed alongside a bust portrait carte de visite to an overall size of 14.5" x 11.5".

General P. G. T. Beauregard 1863 Autograph Letter Signed to South Carolina Governor Bonham, March 20, 1863, Charleston, South Carolina, one page, 8.25" x 10", Headquarters, Department of South Carolina, Ga. & Fla. letterhead. In this confidential letter to Governor Bonham, Beauregard explains the need for 10,000 experienced troops to reinforce the "inferior" cavalry defending the Confederate batteries at Georgetown, South Carolina. This excellent content Civil War letter is in fine condition with original folds, some toning and minor wear.

Autograph Endorsement Signed by South Carolina Governor Francis W. Pickens, 1862. Francis W. Pickens was a fervent supporter of states rights who strongly supported the Confederate cause and did everything within his power to further it.

Lengthy AES as "F.W. Pickens." One page, 7.5" x 11" lined paper, n.p. [Columbia, South Carolina], December 8, 1862. Being an "Estimate of expenses of construction and conduct of Saltpetre Plantation for the Quarter beginning Jan. 1st 1863 and ending March 31st 1863." At the opening of the war, the Confederate Army suffered a terrible shortage of saltpeter which was necessary to create gunpowder. Governor Pickens quickly began working to supply the Confederate States with the needed supplies by contracting Dr. W. Hutson Ford to scout out a location and develop a plan to build and operate what was then called a saltpeter plantation. Here Dr. Ford has provided the Governor with an estimate of the costs involved in building and operating such a plant, and has signed the document twice. On verso, Governor Pickens pens a lengthy endorsement, in part: "Referred to [unintelligible] Tupper Esq. - with a request that he has it presented to the Committee of Ways & Means as an estimate of the expenses of the Saltpetre Plantation per quarter... It will be seen also that the production of saltpeter will be $150 per day or about $4500 a month and will be 2/3 more than the expenses." Document is lightly age toned.

In Convention Documents: Report of the Special Committee of 21 from September 1862, Pickens wrote about the development of this plant, in part: "Five acres of land were leased for this purpose... and the necessary sheds, buildings, &c., constructed. What quantity of nitre may be expected... cannot now be accurately stated, but it is hoped and expected that after a period of from eight to twelve months... we may obtain at least one thousand pounds daily which would make one thousand three hundred and thirty-three pounds gunpowder."

Condition: Fine.

Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard Document Signed. Certificate of the Association of the Army of Tennessee, granting membership to L. R. Burdge, a private in Company C of the 11th Louisiana Regiment, July 15, 1880. One page, 13.75" x 18.5", partially printed, signed "P. T. Beauregard". The certificate is beautifully engraved with a battle scene flanked by the Confederate and Louisiana flags and various Confederate generals and Jefferson Davis. An ornamental border surrounds all. The certificate is linen backed. It is soiled and uniformly toned. There are several tears and chips, else, good condition.

Joseph H. Morgan 1861 Autograph Letter Signed as Colonel of the 3rd Regiment of the South Carolina Militia Cavalry "Jo H. Morgan". One page, 8" x 10", Blackville, South Carolina, February 3, 1861, to Captain G. H. Kirkland, Allendale, South Carolina, with the usual fold creases, mounting remnant on the verso, else bright, legible and in fine condition.

Colonel Morgan requests that Captain Kirkland furnish him "with a roll (the names and offices) of your company officers, non-commissioned officers and privates, with the quantity, description and condition of the arms (public and private) in the possession of your company."

William W. Mackall Autograph Letter Signed as Confederate Asst. Adjutant General, 1861. Although William Mackall and Ulysses S. Grant graduated from the same West Point class, their military careers would take them in different directions. With the outbreak of the Civil War, Mackall joined the Confederate Army, serving as Asst. Adjutant General to Albert Sidney Johnston and later attaining the rank of Brigadier General.

William W. Mackall ALS signed "W.W. Mackall, A.A. Genl." Two pages, 7.75" x 9.75", from the headquarters of the Western Department of the Confederate Army located at Columbus,
Kentucky, September 30, 1861. Addressed to "1st Lieut. Joseph Dixon, Arty. Staff Engineer." Mackall directs Dixon to set up a defensive line near Paducah, Kentucky. In part: "Your attention will be specially directed to the selection of a suitable place, in an advanced position, for an entrenched camp covering the Paducah and the Mobile Rain Roads, and forming also a part of the line from Columbus to Fort Henry on the Tennessee." Letter is boldly penned on heavy cream-colored leaves.

In response to the Confederate occupation of Columbus of September 6, 1861, General Grant moved his army from Cairo, Illinois, and occupied Paducah. From Paducah's strategic location on the Ohio River, the Union army was eventually able to strike the Confederate forts on the inland waterways.

Condition: Minor age toning and occasional soiled areas along edges; near fine.

Holograph Letter Signed and Initialed by Josiah Gorgas as Confederate Chief of Ordinance, 1864. As chief of ordnance, Josiah Gorgas worked hard to keep Confederate armies supplied with weapons and ammunition, despite the Union blockade and having to create an armaments industry nearly from scratch.

Penned in an unknown hand, signed "J. Gorgas" and initialed at end. One page, 7.75" x 9.75", "Ordnance Bureau, Richmond, VA, 6th February 1864." Addressed to Milledge Luke Bonham, Governor of South Carolina, this letter requests the return of some machinery being used at the S. Carolina armory. In part: "There are at present in the So. Ca. Armory at Greenville S.C. certain machines belonging to the Confederate States Gov't... A part of this machinery is now needed at the Confederate Armory lately established at Columbia, S.C." Boldly penned on lined paper with numerous dockets on verso, and with a second smaller attached sheet which provides a report on the machines by Ralph Smith, Superintendent of the Greenville works.

Thanks to Gorgas' efforts, the Southern armies never lacked weapons, though they were short on almost everything else. On November 10, 1864, Gorgas was promoted to Brigadier General. Following the war, he entered academia, eventually becoming president of the University of Alabama.

Condition: Light overall age toning; fine.

Autograph Letter Signed by Confederate Captain Stephen D. Lee, Ordering Pay for South Carolina Troops, June 1861. Lee was one of two emissaries sent to Fort Sumter to deliver an ultimatum from Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard to Major Robert Anderson of the Union Army.

ALS signed "Stephen D. Lee, Capt. C.S.W." Two pages including integral blank, 7.75" x 9.75" blue lined paper with docketing on verso, Charleston, North Carolina, June 5, 1861. This brief note was written less than two months after the first shots of the Civil War were fired at Fort Sumter by the man who delivered the message that hostilities were about to commence. Lee writes to South Carolina Governor Francis W. Pickens, a fervent supporter of states rights who demanded the surrender of the Federal forts in Charleston harbor and sanctioned a January 1861 attack on the relief steamship Star of the West, which was bringing supplies to Anderson's beleaguered garrison. Pickens strongly approved of the subsequent bombardment of Fort Sumter and fully supported the Confederate cause. Here, Lee forwards instructions from Assistant Quartermaster Colonel Myers to pay troops in the state for their service in the newly created Confederate States Army.

Condition: Very fine.

Manuscript Letter Mentions both Merrimac and Monitor, ca 1860s, Autograph Letter Signed "George Ladd". Four pages, 8.50" x 10.50". In Part: "Camp Wilderness, Crab Point (no date, 1860s). I don't know what Co. 7 miles from Yorktown. Dearest Carrie, Again I am permitted to write you a few lines although I have writen twice to you since I have received a mail. We left Camp Beaufort the night of the 6th we with the rest of our division sailed for Fortress Munroe... We went ashore and took presossion of the hotel and building. All the furniture was there and only one man to see to them... On Thursday eve we again embark and proceded to Ft. Munroe. As we came in to harbor the "Moniter" came alongside and they told us to goin and get our coal and provisions as quick as we could as the Merrimac was coming out from Norfolk and sure enough there she was in sight with some rebel gunboats with her. There was lots of vessels in Hampton Roads, but they all run out into the bay. The little cheese box as the Monitor is called was all ready for a fight... I expect to see some pretty rough fighting but we have any quanity of troops and have over 80 battries of flying artillery and lots of big siege cannons and mortars...Rendon's sharpshooters arrived... 80 rods of the rebel batteries and the Confeders got any...out in front and we are to pick off the men as they come out to fire their cannons at our boys...Gen. McClenan is here in person. He sent a flag of truce to Gen. Magruder in Yorktown & told him he would give him just four days to take away the women and children from the place and he sent back that he would give us 48 hours to leave here as he would drive us into the sea...All of the boys are impatient to "clean" them out. The report is tonight is that the Merrimac is sunk but I don't know it is so... If the Merrimac is sunk then Yorktown will be an easy conquest as the Monitor can run up the York River and shell the town... Tonight our bands and bugles had orders not to play any more so the rebels cannot find out our positions... Etc, Yours till death (signed) George Ladd" Very Interesting content.

Condition: Fine-very fine, manuscript in spots a little light.

Wonderful Group of Two Pre-Civil War Virginia Military Institute Documents. 7.5" x 9.75" printed broadside, circa 1859, announcing the meeting of the VMI Board of Visitors, issued by "Francis Smith, Superintendent" (Lt. Col. Francis Smith, killed at Amelia Springs April 5, 1865). The other piece is a 5.25" X 8.25" manuscript letter, dated May 28, 1860, from Col. Francis Smith, recommending William Wood as a candidate for admission to VMI. The letter is addressed to "John A. Campbell, Esq.". Wood did, indeed, become a cadet, was wounded at New Market, and survived to become the oldest living cadet who saw action in the battle. Both pieces near perfect, the letter just showing original folds with ink browning. Obviously very rare and superb for display.

Historically important 1845 Virginia Military Institute Manual of Instruction for Field Artillery, used and signed by Cadet Bosworth, Class of 1857. Bosworth was a member of Thomas J. 'Stonewall' Jackson's "Second Artillery Class", apparently serving as the class marcher, as the names of twelve cadets are written on the front end paper, probably used by Bosworth to call roll. Additionally, Jackson's name is inscribed in two places on the front leaf. All twelve of these cadets saw Confederate service, one was killed at Pickett's Charge, another at Drewry's Bluff. The manual is also signed by Lt. Col. Frances Williamson Smith, VMI '56, who was wounded on April 5, 1865 at Amelia Springs and succumbed to his wounds the following day. The back leaf exhibits a charming pencil sketch by Bosworth entitled "Little Indian Gal". Housed in an archival folder, very good condition with just some wear on the binding and some scattered foxing, very sound. A remarkable piece of history from the oldest state military school in the country, commonly referred to as the "West Point of the South." The manual has 166 pages, and measures 4.75" x 7.75", leather binding with embossed decorations.

Another Important Virginia Military Institute Manual, this One a Set of 1854 Regulations, Inscribed on the Front Leaf by Dr. Andrew Russell Meem. Meem served as a member of the VMI visitors Board from 1856 to 1861 . He also served throughout the Civil War, until his death in February of 1865 at the age of 44, as a surgeon in the the Confederate. Most importantly, Meem was one of the surgeons who administered to the wounded VMI cadets after the Battle of New Market. 110 pp., 4.5" x 7.5", housed in an archival folder with some wear on the binding and scattered foxing, very sound. A great memento of one of VMI's proudest and most tragic moments.

"Last Relic" Letter, with Eleven Star C.S.A. Flag, Regarding the Opening of the Mississippi. A three page Autograph Letter Signed on blue paper, July 12, 1863, Carrollton, Louisiana, 7.5" x 9.75". Letter in full as follows: "Last Relic, My Dear Sara, Two weeks since I was at port Hudson and at that time the flag which is represented at the margin of this sheet was waving in doubtful triumph of over its citadel. Since that time the department of the gulf has been indeed prosperous. Victory has crowded our arms. Port Hudson has fallen & now that great life current of the west & south runs free from rebel invasion. New Orleans feels indeed the relief which is afforded by the opening of the Mississippi. Last night there was a grand outpouring of the union and would be Union people of New Orleans. Speeches. Music. Torchlight procession and other grand demonstration of patriotism come off in grand order and equally good success. I was at the city and we had a good time indeed. I think that New Orleans is all right for the Union now. But a few days since things began to assume rather an unpleasant aspect. People thought that the siege would have to be raised & port Hudson abandoned. But as fortune has it the tide has turned & all is right. I am at work at my papers and have but little time to spare in writing. But as I found by chance this sheet of secesh paper I thought I must just write a few lines. You ca keep this as the last relic of secessia at New Orleans. I sent you by mail a piece of music entitled the vacant chair. Have you received it yet? I received your picture but it seems as if you look too sober. Do you really look so all the time. If you do I shall surely have to come and change the countenance to a smile. Could I do it? I have had more pictures made for I am filling an album & I have to give "an eye for an eye". Enclosed you will find a copy of the last edition. It is not in full beard as I intended but people say that it is first rate and that it is a good representation of its subject. Now what think you? I am not in great flesh weighing but 138 but my health id first rate and so long as I feel well I don't "kare how thin I get or how black I am. I don't know to what post Capt. Herbert will be assigned, but hope we shall not have to go far this summer. He is now at Port Hudson. I shall not be through with the papers for ten days or so. You had better not put all the money at Int: for perhaps we may need some for some purpose. Perhaps when I come home I shant have any coat. Love to all, write soon & often Yours affectionally, J Story". Fine to very fine condition.

South Carolina Palmetto Secession Cockade, tightly woven and stitched against a cardboard backing, 2.25" x 3"; with a small blue ribbon at the base. Accompanied by the original transmittal letter sending the cockade as a token of affection from a Mattie Crosby of Blairsville, South Carolina to a W.L. Byers. Also, a war-dated Valentine from the year 1864 on embossed stationery, 4" x 6.25", two short verses signed "Your Emma / I live for thee and thee alone". Valentine is accompanied by the original transmittal envelope bearing an illegible postal cancellation at the closure. Grouping also includes a brief note by Byers directing where his mail is to be addressed and two additional transmittal envelopes. Lastly, a contemporary copy of Byers obituary as listed in his Lodge's ledge, according to which Byers died in February of 1875. Byers served in Company A, Phillip's Legion, Cavalry Battalion of the Georgia Volunteers. Condition varies from very good to fine, with the cockade being in fine condition.

Captain Bedford Gifford: Lot Of Five Items, Three Letters & Two Tintypes, 1863. Three handwritten letters: 1). One page 5" x 8", (laminated) Camp near Memphis, Tenn. 1863, in part, "I merely write you at this to inquire whether you ever received my letter enclosing my 'Photograph'..."; 2). One page, written both sides 8" x 10", (laminated) Fort Pickering, Tenn. 1863, in part, "I have been to the City today to see some sick boys that I have there in the Hospital and found there some better but still quit sick, it is rather a sad sight to visit one of those large hospitals and see the hundreds of sick solders that are within their walls some cheerful, some disconsolate, some dying & so on..."; 3). Two pages, written both sides 8" x10", (laminated) Fort Pickering, Tenn. 1863, in part, "I sent $300 dollars with and told him to pay of the mortgage on the place... Lieut. Brown & some 7 or 8 of my Company here have gone up the river in charge of rebel prisoners & the probability is that they will go to the eastern shore..." Signed "Bed". Two tintypes, a sixth plate, 2.25" x 3.25", of him in his dress uniform, and an unusual horizontal format, 4.25" x 2.5", sitting with fellow unidentified officer to his left.

Condition: Letter are all laminated, Tintypes are very good, chipped.

Letter From a 36th Massachusetts Soldier Giving a Graphic Account of the Battle of Blue Springs. Four pages, 5.5" x 9", Knoxville, Tennessee, October 17, 1863, with fold creases, else legible and in fine condition.

This letter was written by an officer of the 36th Massachusetts identified only as "John". In a review of the regimental list of officers there are only four officers with the first name John, only two of which could have been the writer. An educated guess would identify the author as Captain John B. Fairbark. Fairbark provides an action-filled account of the Battle of Blue Springs near Knoxville. It is difficult to pick and choose incidents from the letter as nearly every line is notable but in the interests of space his letter is quoted in part: "...the 36'th again has been in battle...the battle of Blue Springs fought last Saturday...enemy occupied a gap in the woods and fought until 3:00 p.m. without success...charged at the double quick step through woods and brush, over hills and valley and fallen trees, enemy retreating as fast as we advanced. The Gen'l told our brigade of 800 men we had done in 20 minutes what 5,000 men had been trying to do all day...Shot and shell passed just over our heads...the balls came pretty low. Our Col. severely wounded...hope he will not lose his leg...was only four steps from me and as I turned toward him to assist a fragment of a shell struck my sword which was in my hand and broke it into three pieces...it was hot work lying there with the shells screeching and whistling only a foot or two above our heads bursting just before and behind us...". A superb combat account of the Knoxville campaign by an officer in a regiment that saw much combat service.

Soldier of the 17th Connecticut Writes of Battle and Being Wounded at Gettysburg. Autograph letter signed by J. Henry Blakeman, Company D, 17th Connecticut Infantry, four pages, 5" x 8", Jarvis Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, July 21, 1863, in pencil, to his mother.

A fantastic content letter providing a first-hand account of the first day of battle at Gettysburg. J. Henry Blakeman of Stratford, Connecticut enlisted on July 29, 1862 as a private. A month later he mustered into Company D of the 17th Connecticut Infantry. Blakeman writes in part: "Tomorrow will make three weeks since the commencement of the big fight and I was unlucky enough to get hit though I do not complain at my lot indeed I cannot when I see hundreds around me in so much more condition. On the contrary I feel thankful for the manner in which I escaped from the fate which overtook so many on that eventful day at Gettysburg. Any man who escaped with his life from that field although badly wounded may consider himself fortunate and preserved by some power above human...The morning of the fight...We marched double quick...and when we went into the fight which we did without rest I was almost exhausted. After going onto the field we lay for a few minutes supporting some batteries and the rebs had an exact range on us with their batteries being behind a little hill their shot and shell passed just over us. When we lay down doing no damage except two or three shells that exploded directly over us wounding three or four men. We soon heard musketry on our right and were up and formed into line of battle. Then advanced towards the edge of a pine woods through which the rebs were coming and where the 1st Brigade was engaged with them but before we got near them the 1st Brigade broke and ran through our ranks like a flock of frightened sheep. We then went on the double quick to the edge of the woods then stopped and opened fire. My gun missed fire twice and I was fixing to fire the third time when they knocked me over. Being unsupported our Brigade had to fall back but they did it step by step fighting all the way. I could not get off with them so fell into the Rebs. After our men fell back a little they were on one side and the Rebs on the other and I about between. The way the bullets did rattle was curious...I assure you still they did not hit me again and the Rebs made me walk two miles back into the country. Next day I was carried into the town on an ambulance and remained there till our troops took possession and was taken back two or three miles for fear the town being shelled...".

Blakeman's letter is an exceptional contemporary account of the 17th Connecticut at Gettysburg. After the 17th's less than exemplary performance at the battle the regiment was sent south, first to Folly Island, South Carolina and then on to northeastern Florida. Included with his letter is a list of items with the heading "Articles contained in the box for Henry" presumably compiled by his mother and sent to him while he was in the hospital. The list includes primarily foodstuffs. Also included is the transmittal envelope of the letter from his mother to which his July 21st letter is in reply.

The letter is quite legible and other than some slight toning to the paper and the usual fold creases, it is in very good condition.

Kitty Anderson's Diary Describing the Escape of Her Father, Colonel Charles Anderson and Her Family From Texas During the Early Days of the Civil War. We are pleased to offer this previously unpublished personal chronicle of the events surrounding the imprisonment and subsequent escape of Colonel Charles Anderson from San Antonio in the early stages of the Civil War. Col. Anderson's story has been well-documented in previous books and articles but to our knowledge this diary, kept by his daughter Kitty, is the only first-hand account extant. Charles Anderson was born in Louisville, Kentucky to a prominent family - his father had been an aide to Lafayette during the American Revolution. Upon graduation Anderson started a law practice and in 1844 was elected to the Ohio senate. Accounts differ as to the reason for his move to Texas in 1859 - some cite health reasons, others that he moved to establish a horse ranch with an eye to selling horse to the United States cavalry. In any case his strong Union sympathies ran afoul of pro-Confederacy factions and he was arrested and imprisoned in September 1861. The family's experiences are directly transcribed from the diary his daughter kept at the time into a leather-bound journal given to her by a friend in 1862. In the preface to the diary Kitty Anderson writes "My dear friend gave me this book in which to copy my diary written as we left Texas for my father, then a prisoner. I now proceed in fulfillment of this promise, to write it out at this late day - April 10, 1871. K. A." The leather journal with gilt decorated boards measures 8" x 10". The front board has separated at the joint and it is the only way presently the journal can be opened as the brass lock is shut and no key is present. Kitty's Texas diary fills thirty-six single-sided pages and is followed by ten pages of narrative titled "Our Father's Escape". Towards the rear of the journal are more modern entries making reference to stocks and bonds written in an elderly hand and dated 1951. Perhaps the later entries were written by a family member in the Anderson lineage.

The diary picks up the family's ordeal on September 29, 1861 as their house, horses and cattle are "all sold for much less than their true value" and ends with a November 30, 1861 entry written in Vera Cruz after they fled Texas. The diary is written in a legible hand and reads like a thrilling novel of suspense. Kitty writes with wonderful detail and the pages are filled references to many important personages in Texas at the time. Space will not permit citing all of the extraordinary episodes contained in the diary so a few must by needs suffice. Colonel Anderson was given only a short amount of time to liquidate their assets and remove themselves from Confederate territory. Kitty writes: "...but seeing too truly that he [Col. Anderson] must leave the country or profess what he did not believe, he felt obliged to go and in going sacrifice a great part of his Texas property. He endeavored to leave with the 40 days allowed an alien enemy for leaving the Southern Confederacy. " The family attempts to go to Brownsville after their goodbyes to several of their prominent friends. They set up camp the first night near a Mexican settlement and during the night are awakened by the sound of horsemen which they "thought perhaps some San Antonio rowdies were coming to seize Father's little supply of money as they had threatened the auctioneer [they would do this] earlier that morning." The next day they had no gotten far when "our attention was called to some soldiers with two lieutenants in command...'I am sorry Colonel but I have orders from headquarters to bring you back'." Anderson answers the lieutenant "we will go back...tho I assure you, if it were not impossible against so many of you, I would resist such a rascally proceeding." The family returns to San Antonio and is installed at the famous Menger Hotel. Col. Anderson is arrested and imprisoned and the family is anxious as "much less conspicuous men than Father were mysteriously killed for their sentiments...Alas, in times of war, power will abuse the innocent offender and stain the purest cause." The official charge against her father was that he was a dangerous man with a regiment to the north; an enemy alien suspected of carrying information to the north. While imprisoned all of Col. Anderson's papers and money are confiscated. After several miserable days in San Antonio the family, less Col. Anderson, head for Brownsville under escort of Jose Quintero. Quintero, "a polite little Cuban" was a journalist, lawyer, poet, translator, revolutionary and friend to Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. He was also a Confederate agent likely sent along with the family as a spy. The family finally arrives in Brownsville but cross over the Mexican border to Matamoros, then in the throes of violent revolution but "Even so we feel more safe here than with our countrymen in Texas!". The final pages of the diary are reserved to tell the story now supplied with elaborate details as told by Col. Anderson when he is finally reunited with his family in Mexico. The family ultimately make it back to Ohio where Anderson saw action with the 93rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry and was wounded at the battle of Stones River. He resigned his commission in 1863 and was elected lieutenant governor of Ohio later that year. Upon the death of Governor John Brough in August 1865, he served as governor until 1866.

This historically significant diary is full of interesting details, very notable places and important personages which warrant a more thorough investigation as there are yet more secrets to reveal. Accompanying the diary are three cartes-de-visite of Col. Anderson, his wife, and the author of our diary, Kitty Anderson.

Union Private Zephania W. Baugher Pocket Diaries. Two diaries with entries in both ink and pencil, approximately 100 pages each, 3" x 6", for the years 1864 and 1865 in the front of each, with each page divided into three days. In concise detail, Private Baugher recorded daily events and during the last two years of the war. Accompanied by two ribbons.
In part "... [Thursday, January 14]...the general and me rode through the park... [Monday, March 21]...we are still on picket the rebs came on us tonight we held our ground no one hurt... [Saturday, March 26]...it is cold windy to day I got one leter from olive General released [me] from picket I am an orderly for general bartlet now it is a good plase... [Friday, April 22]...we had a general review I seen old grant to day... [Tuesday, May 3]...we broke up camp at twelve oclock to day and crossed the rapinhana at sun rise we haven't see now rebs yet... [Tuesday, March 6, Battle of Todd's Tavern]...we started this morning we had to fight all day our regiment got cut off we had to fight and run some got killed some missing... [Tuesday, May 10]...we had a small fight to night at daylight we drove them had a fight in the rear we encamped in 18 miles of Richmond we are going to try it... [Wednesday, May 11, Battle of Yellow Tavern]...we burnt another depot destroyed the railroad we are fighting a good deal we had a good fight today took some guns and prisoners drove them... [Sunday, May 29]...we picked up stragglers went on picket at night we are getting along first rate without much fighting the hole army is on the move some plase... [Monday, September 19]...we found the rebels within five miles of Winchester we had a awful hard fight but drove them they are leaving we took a good many prisoners we hold Winchester to night... [Saturday, October 1]...it is raining some to night we still in camp yet it is all quiet Custer took command of our division to day... [Wednesday, October 19, Battle of Cedar Creek]...the joneys opened up on us before day light flanked the eight corps drove them took some canon then we drove them back captured 55 peaces of artilry wagon train & lot of prisoners...." 1865 Diary, inscribed in ink on end page, "Year of 1865 Zephania W. Baugher Diary My Father's name is Daniel Baugher Oilcreek St. Crawford Co. Tenna." In part,"... [Sunday, April 2]...this is a nice day the twelve Pensylvania Cav came up here yesterday big news from Sherdan ... [Tuesday, April 4]...we broke up camp all the cavalry in the valley went out to strawsburg staid all night... [Sunday, April 9]...it rained some to day we laid in camp all day big news a stir old lee surrendred at 10 oclock to day that is the best news we can hear... [Friday, May 12]...we got orders to go home all men that their time expired before the first of Oct... [Tuesday, June 13]...this morning we got mustered out of the service of the united states and took the cars and men to whealing..." Both diaries have wear to covers and the 1864 diary has a break at the spine, entries in ink are lightly faded to strong and clearly legible, light soiling throughout as would be normal for a field carried diary. Numerous notations and figures appear on all endpages listing debts and equipment.

Zephania W. Baugher enlisted on September 20, 1862 as a Private in "D" Co. PA 18th Cavalry. He was reported missing at Opequan, VA on September 19, 1864, but as his dairy reveals, he lived on to fight another day until General Lee's surrender on April 9, 1865. The 18th Cavalry, 163rd Regiment was assigned to General Custer's Michigan brigade in 1863 and took part in the defense of Washington, then became part of the Army of the Potomac. Marching through Hanover, the regiment was attacked by Jeb Stuart's forces, delaying the much needed Confederate cavalry from fighting in Gettysburg. In 1864 the regiment took part in Sheridan's move toward Richmond, then engaged the Confederate forces in the Shenandoah Valley, Winchester and Cedar Creek, and moved on to the Cumberland, Md., where it was mustered out on June 14, 1865. An extraordinary glimpse into a soldier's daily experiences during the final, intense battles of the Civil War.

Union Soldier Rufus S. Read's 1861-1862 Diary. On May 27, 1861, at the age of 21, Rufus S. Read mustered into the 31st Pennsylvania Volunteers, Company K of the 2nd Pennsylvania Reserves. He fought in many important Civil War battles, including Dranesville, Mechanicsville, Gaines Mill, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, Antietam, and Fredricksburg. He was discharged December 21, 1862, to enlist in Battery M of the 2nd U.S. Artillery, where he also served bravely and well.

Read kept detailed journals during his Army career and we offer here the first of his Civil War diaries. It begins the day he enlisted, May 27, 1861, and traces his steps, battles, and thoughts through to February 13, 1863, a few months after his enlistment with the 2nd U.S. Mounted Artillery. Written in a 3" x 5" clothbound journal with approximately 100 lined pages and filled with interesting details about his life as a Union soldier. At the end of the journal, Read has drawn a little sketch of "Winter quarters tent, Brandy Station, VA." He also documents his regiment's casualties and lists the important battles fought by his regiment.

From his report of the Battle of Beaver Dam Creek/Mechanicsville (June 26, 1862): "Our regiment alone went out as far as old Church on the road to Hanover Court House. We met the enemies pickets & was forced to come back double quick, and after a great many movements we were formed in line behind a wood & to the right of our battery [Porter's position in the battle]. Soon our battery opened on them. Our company and Co. H was then detailed to advance into the woods and guard a ford. We had no sooner got there than the balls whizzed around our heads very thick. We took some prisoners & I took one back to the rear under guard."

Rufus Read would eventually be captured by Confederate troops at the Battle of Trevilian Station and sent to Andersonville Prison, where it is believed he remained until the end of the war.

Condition: Very good. Spine and board edges/corners are worn. Textblock is heavily age toned; final leaves are waterstained. Entries written in ink and in much, some of which is quite faded.

Sgt. William Dixon, 1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery, 96 Page Diary.1864-1865. In part: Monday March 28th 64. "Morning clean and pleasant put up tents on the outside of Fort... Wednesday March 30th Went out of the Fort to tents was appointed Sergeant by Col. West over 44 men... Monday July 4th 1864 slept a few hours in a barracks near the depot got breakfast at the "Soldier Rest" ... On our way for Harpers Ferry, but learned the Rebs had taken charge of the rails... Saturday July 9th 1864 Morning pleasant. Rebels 1½ miles above me on the railroad. Monday July 25 1864 out on picket. Rained very hard ... Friday August 5th 1864 Day quite warm. Orders came to "Pack up" and be ready to leave. There are many daily entries in this 96 page diary.

Condition: Very good, some page separations.

Sixty Six Letters from Mrs. Bradley T. Johnson, Confederate General Johnson's Wife, ca. 1890s.
Bradley Johnson was born in Frederick City, Maryland, 29 September, 1829. His sense of honor and devotion to his state led him to form a militia company in his hometown of Frederick, Maryland, which became part of the First Maryland Infantry. Johnson was elected major and later was promoted to lieutenant colonel (July 1861) and to colonel (March 1862). The First Maryland fought at First Manassas, served under Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson during the 1862 Shenandoah Valley campaign and participated in the Seven Days' Battles. At Harrisburg, June 6, 1862, Colonel Johnson had his horse shot under him, and on the death of Gen. Turner Ashby Johnson with his regiment "drove the enemy off with heavy loss," capturing Lieut.-Col. Thomas C. Kane of the Pennsylvania "Bucktails"; and in the battle of Cross Keys June 8, 1862, by direction of General Ewell, he carried one of the captured bucktails, the insignia of their beaten foe, affixed to his colors as a trophy. The remnant of his regiment, decimated by loss, was mustered out of service, and Johnson joined the staff of Stonewall Jackson.

This lot of 66 letters were written by Mrs. Bradley T. Johnson after the Civil War (1890s) She calls these tales "Table Talk" . She writes down the talks about Jeff Davis, Lee, etc. A copy of a letter from Maury to Gen. Johnson, [in part] "I received a letter from Buchanan...He had any regret for what he had done. ..I requested that the President would extend to me the _____ of his proclamation." Many talks about the capture of soldiers, slaves, etc. Some copied from real Civil War period letters. All of these letters have been sealed in and preserved in acid free document paper. Eight folders of letters, an archival treasure.

Condition: Very good-fine.

John Livingston, 157th New York: Seven Letters, 1864-1865, including: (1) September 3 [1864], St. Thomas, to "Dear Brother", four pages, 5" x 8". Near fine with some wear along original folds, minor foxing and soiling; (2) [Autumn 1864], Salford, two pages, 5" x 8", in pencil. Very good with original folds, minor wear, foxing, soiling, and corner creases; (3) Wednesday, November 20 [1864], Springford, to "Dear Brother", two pages, 5" x 8". Very good with original folds, minor wear, foxing, and soiling; (4) Sunday, December 11, 1864, Springford, to "Dear Father & Mother", four pages, 5" x 8", in pencil. Near fine with some wear along original folds, and minor foxing; (5) December 11, 1864, "Home", to "Dear Friends", four pages, 5" x 8", in pencil. Very good with wear and soiling along original folds, and minor foxing; (6) Friday, April 7, 1865, "Home", four pages, 5" x 8". Very good with original folds, some wear, soiling, and foxing; (7) April 15, 1865, Springford, to "Dear Brother", one page, 8.25" x 8.75" (torn from larger sheet). Very good with original folds, jagged bottom edge, minor foxing, and soiling. John Livingston, age 22, enlisted at Marathon, New York, on August 26, 1862, to serve three years. He was mustered in as a corporal in the 157th Regiment, Company K, on September 19, 1862, and mustered out at Fort Columbus, New York Harbor, on May 13, 1865.

Lot of 14 Union Civil War Naval Letters, including: (1-6) Joseph H. Nichols, to "Sarah," U.S.S. Massachusetts: July 7, 1861, four pages, in pencil; August 8, 1861, four pages, in pencil; September 21, 1861, four pages; October 11, 1861, four pages; October 22, 1861, two pages; no date, four pages; no date, last two pages separated from original, longer letter; (7) F. R. Palmer, to "My Dear Brother," November 25, 1861, Mansfield, three pages; (8) John H. Mackie, April 7, 1862, New Bedford, one page; (9) Cass and Howe, November 12, 1862, Boston, one page; John Briggs, to "Cousin Ellen," December 19, 1863, U.S.S. Signal, four pages; (10-13) John Murdoch, to Alex Murdoch, May 2, 1864, U.S.S. Nevens, Newport, seven pages, in pencil, with original envelope; to Eliza Murdoch, June 9, 1864, U.S.S. Nevens, Wilmington, four pages, in pencil, with original envelope; to Charles Murdoch, June 22, 1864, U.S.S. Nevens, Beaufort, four pages, in pencil, with original envelope; various dates, 23 pages, in pencil; (14) Vinton Alderman, to Isaac Reynolds, October 20, 1864, Pleasant Valley, four pages. Very good to fine with original folds, some wear, fading, foxing and soiling.

Archive of Sixteen Camp Letters From a Boston Soldier to His Sister, approximately 50 pp., all 5" x 8", with covers lacking stamps, mostly penned, some in pencil, from various locations in the Washington-Baltimore area, July - October, 1864. The letters are by Corporal Benjamin F. Treadwell, Co. "A", 42nd Massachusetts and were written while he was doing garrison duty in defense of the national capital. The content generally involves camp life, social observations and inquiries about folks back home. These letters span most of Treadwell's service in that he enlisted in July 1864 and mustered out in November. His 42nd was a 100-day militia regiment- not to be confused with the Army of the Potomac regiment. Fine condition overall.

W. B. Anderson: Eleven 1862-63 Autograph Letters Signed, September 9, 1862-August 8, 1863, Cincinnati, Ohio, Maysville, Kentucky, and Nashville, Tennessee, 8" x 9.75". In these Civil War-era letters to his wife, Louisa, in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, Anderson, a riverboat captain who leased his craft to the U.S. government, describes his experiences steaming up and down the Ohio River and into its tributaries, transporting soldiers and supplies. In his October 21, 1862, missive from Cincinnati, he writes (in part): "I may be kept up the river several days. I will write you a long letter on our trip up and send it down by some boat to be mailed here. There was from 90 to 110 rebels killed at Augusta and but 15 of our men killed and half of them were burnt to death in their own houses. The best portion of the town is in ashes. All the loss is attributed to the cowardice of the captains in the gunboats, Florence Miller and Belfast. If they had stood their ground and shelled the rebels, the town and all in it would have been saved. The rebels carried off about 150 Union prisoners and all the horses and wagons, and store goods in town. I say to you to keep in good cheer for I am satisfied I am in a good safe place for our cannon will reach further than any that the rebels have. And I don't think there is any danger of them making another attack as there is nothing left worth taking, and since they committed that last act at Augusta, our forces have doubly increased all along the shore." Each letter is accompanied by the original envelope. Near fine to fine condition with original folds and minor wear.

David F. Ferris, 44th New York: Ten 1862-63 Autograph Letters, September 28, November 7, December 15, 17, and 23, 1862; January 24, May 30, June 20, July 18, and September 20, 1863, Albany Barracks, Pooleville, Fredericksburgh, Aldie, Wheatland, and Culpepper, to his brother, James A. Ferris, 5.25" x 8.25", pencil and ink. David F. Ferris, age 21, enlisted as a Private in Company E, 44th Regiment, New York Volunteer Infantry, at Albany on August 14, 1862. Promoted to Sergeant and reassigned to the 140th Regiment, he was killed in action at Skunk's Hollow, Virginia, on March 31, 1865, just nine days before the end of the war. His letter of June 20, 1863, reads (in part): "Friday, yesterday, afternoon we marched to Aldie, where we now are, a distance of five miles. Day before yesterday a severe cavalry & light artillery fight commenced here. The federals whipped the Rebels & drove them 7 miles throug[h] the Bull Run mountains. Yesterday another fight took place at Middleburgs and our force again whipped the enemy & drove him out of the Town. It is said that the enemy has been reinforced & are now twenty thousand strong. Back where we were on picket, two officers, a major and Capt. of Hookers staff were taken prisoners the night before, by Mosbys men." Several of the letters include the original envelopes. Each letter is accompanied by a typed transcription. Near fine with original folds, minor foxing and wear.

Thomas H. Skinner, 44th New York, Six 1862-64 Autograph Documents, including: (1) ALS, February 4, 1862, Halls Hill, VA, four pages, 5" x 8". Fine with original folds and minor wear. (2) ALS, March 23, 1863, near Falmouth, VA, four pages, 5" x 8". Near fine with some wear along original folds; the ink is slightly faded to brown; (3) ALS, May 18, 1864, near Alexandria, VA, three pages, 5" x 8". The paper is near fine with original folds; the ink has faded to light brown. (4) ALS, April 4, 1864, near Alexandria, VA, one page, 8" x 10". Fine with original folds. (5) Medical Discharge, October 11, 1864, Albany, NY, one page 8.5" x 11", partly printed document. Near fine with original folds, minor wear, and small stain upper right. (6) Pencil Sketch by Skinner Depicting Camp Butterfield, Hall Hill, no date, two pages. The cover opens to reveal a second sketch captioned "Happy Family" inside. Very good with some wear and soiling.

Rufus S. Read's 1864 Andersonville Diary. Although little is known of Rufus S. Read, we do know that he was born in 1840 in Philadelphia and mustered into the 31st Pennsylvania Volunteers, Company K of the 2nd Pennsylvania Reserves, on May 27, 1861. Although he served as a musician the first year of his military career, he enlisted as a soldier on April 14, 1862, and served well with the 2nd Pennsylvania through Mechanicsville, Second Bull Run, Antietam, and more. Read was discharged December 21, 1862, to enlist in Battery M of the 2nd U.S. Artillery, Cavalry Corps Horse Artillery, 1st Brigade, where he served honorably at a number of important battles including Stones River and Gettysburg. On June 11, 1864, during the Battle of Trevilian Station, Read was captured by Confederate forces and arrived at Andersonville Prison 18 days later, where he it is believed he stayed until the end of the war.

Offered here is the diary Read wrote just prior to and during his imprisonment at Andersonville, considered one of the most despicable and intolerable of the Civil War prisoner camps. Beginning February 14, 1864, and ending March 19, 1865, Read's diary provides first-hand detail of his involvement in the Battle of Todd's Tavern (May 7-8, 1864), the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House (May 8-21, 1864), the Battle of Yellow Tavern (May 11, 1864), and the Battle of Trevilian Station/ Louisa Court House (June 11-12, 1864), where he fought alongside General George Armstrong Custer until his capture and subsequent imprisonment.

Written in a 3" x 5" leatherbound journal with approximately 100 lined pages, each brief entry provides a wealth of information about the battles Read was involved in and the depredations of life at Andersonville. A few excerpts follow:

Battle of Yellow Tavern (May 11, 1864): "... the enemy again at our rear. Marched all day and about 3 o'clock we were stopped by a force of infantry and arty & cavalry, was fighting in our front & rear, one gun was captured by our men in the rear & two in the front by the 1st Michigan was led astray by a guide and several torpedoes exploded in our line of march. on the night of the 11th we passed through the second line of fortifications within two miles of Richmond after capturing three pieces of artillery and a large number of prisoners and releasing 400 of our men."

Arrival at Andersonville (June 1864): ". we are now in an awful place about 15 acres of ground with a mud puddle running through; our tents are part of a blanket. our rations are meal and bacon daily. such a horrible place for men to live in was never known. it is actually so crowded here that one can hardly move about & the smoke from at least five thousand little pitch pine fires is awful. My pencil cannot write the explanation of how we suffer."

Life at Andersonville (July 1864): "I will state a few prices. flour $1.00 per pint, potatoes $3.00 pr doz, 5 cts for a cup of sour meal water called beer. we all witnessed this afternoon the hanging of six of our men who had murdered a fellow soldier for his money. There is a great many of our men dying here just from neglect. weather last night & this morning is very cold and many have suffered for the want of clothes .There are men here with not a thing to call their own but one pair of pants & a shirt for they have been robbed of everything."

Written in pencil and in ink, some entries are quite faint but most are legible. The journal lacks the rear cover and presumably several of the final pages, however the latter portion of the book was used by Read for notes, lists, addresses, and so on, so we can assume that all entries concerning Andersonville are intact. An intriguing and revealing first-hand review of life as a Union prisoner at Andersonville. Rare and desirable!

Condition: Very good. Rear cover and several final pages missing. Hinge weak. Heavy wear to edges and corners of leather cover; leather missing from spine. Textblock lightly age toned.

Charles F. Carter Civil War Journal, 70th Indiana, Co. E, 1862-1865, 240 pages (76 of which include handwritten entries), 7" x 8.25", cloth-bound with leather spine and corners. Carter enlisted as a Private in the Union Army in Indianapolis, Indiana, on August 6, 1862. This detailed autograph diary includes his accounts of Sherman's Atlanta Campaign, March to the Sea, and Campaign through the Carolinas. Carter was mustered out at Washington, DC, on June 8, 1865. He was a member of GAR Post #53 in Leominster, Massachusetts, where he passed away on January 6, 1920. The journal is in very good condition with the binding missing from the spine, some wear and chipping on the covers, and minor toning in the paper. Included with the journal are: The Civil War: Battles for Atlanta, Sherman Moves East (Alexandria, Virginia: Time-Life Books, 1985), 176 pages, illustrated, 4to (9" x 11"), gray cloth-bound with blue titles and color cover illustration, a former library book in near fine condition with minor wear; and Photocopies of Carter's National Archives Records, in fine condition. An LOA from Jay J. Reid is included.

Archive of Union Surgeon Joshua B. Treadwell, briefly with the 54th Massachusetts, consisting of approximately 30 letters, 100 pp., 5" x 8", most with covers lacking stamps, variously from the Baltimore, Maryland and Charleston, South Carolina areas to sister Mattie Treadwell, Boston, Massachusetts, July, 1864 to August, 1865. The letters are generally in fine to very fine condition with expected light aging. Treadwell enlisted as an assistant surgeon on October 20, 1862 and was assigned to the 45th Massachusetts Infantry, which was then active in Eastern North Carolina. Mustering out in July 1863, Treadwell did not return to the army for a year. He re-enlisted in July 1864 with the 5th Massachusetts (militia) and was sent to Baltimore for some four months. The young doctor's military service culminated with an assignment to the celebrated 54th Massachusetts Infantry (Colored) during the summer of 1865. Treadwell, in fact, mustered out with the 54th at Mt. Pleasant, South Carolina on August 20, 1865.

Six of the doctor's letters in this group date to his weeks with the 54th. One, in particular, dated July 14, 1865 gives the reader a feel for the volatile situation in South Carolina during this immediate postwar period. It reads in part, " ...Gen Gilmore issued an order for the immediate muster out of the 54th; but finding that he had no authority for such a course he yesterday countermanded it...Charleston had been very unquiet during the last week - fights between white citizens and black citizens - between black soldiers and white soldiers and fights between citizens and soldiers...". This archive presents a rare opportunity to acquire an insider's record of life in a pivotal regiment during its final days.

Archive of Documents Regarding the Destruction of the Steamer Ruth. On the night of August 4, 1863, shortly before midnight, after a refueling stop at Cairo, Illinois, the Steamer Ruth enroute to Vicksburg with eight Union payroll masters and $2.6 million dollars in army payroll on board, mysteriously burned. The money was reported destroyed. Twenty-six of the one hundred fifty passengers, military and civilian, were killed. Robert Louden, a Confederate saboteur was implicated in the disaster. He confessed to the destruction and was tried and convicted.

This large archive of manuscript documents contains original depositions from many, if not all of the surviving paymasters aboard the Ruth at the time of her sinking including Majors J. W. Brigden, Josiah Tilden, N. S. Brinton, T. D. Greenwalt, W. B. Mendenhall, J. M. Pumphrey, G. L. Febiger, and W. H. Jameson. Also included are statements from the Ruth's Chief Engineer and clerk. Additionally there are statements by a "diving bellman" who examined the wreckage and an official copy of the proceedings of the court of inquiry convened by the War Department's adjutant general's office and dated September 11, 1863. All documents included are in near fine condition.

From reading the documents in the archive it appears that the court of inquiry was convened with less of an eye towards the cause of the disaster and more of an towards establishing if any of the $2.6 million dollars survived and made its way into the pockets of persons known or unknown. This archive would provide a thorough beginning for a book on the destruction of the Steamer Ruth.

Napoleon Jackson Tecumseh Dana Archive regarding the Siege of Texas, the Civil War, etc. This lot consists of 38 manuscript documents/letters relating to the siege of Texas in 1864, when U. S. forces led by General Dana captured Brownsville & occupied Matagorda Island. Most of manuscripts are retained copies by Captain H. E. Brown. One letter is to a Mexican border governor to capture a British blockade runner trying to run supplies to Texas troops. Some very good content for Texas researchers.
Average document measures approximately 8.50" x 11".

Condition: Good, some foxing, water stains, and separation in folds.

Reuel Williams Waters Autograph Archive, including: Three Autograph Letters Signed, February 6 and 15, and March 15, 1865, 6th Maine Battery, 4 pages, 4 ½ pages, and 2 ½ pages, respectively. These beautifully penned letters were sent to Waters' sisters from the 6th Maine Battery Camp. Original envelopes are included. Near fine to fine with original folds and some wear. [and:] 22-page Autograph Diary, August 29, 1862-January 1, 1864. This detailed journal is written in Waters' extremely legible handwriting. Near fine with original folds, some wear, light soiling, and minor paper loss at folds on last page. [and:] Family Papers, Clippings, and CDV. This collection of family materials includes an ALS to Waters from his mother, dated May 26, 1869. The 2.5" x 4.5" CDV of Waters was taken by Whipple of Boston. Very good to near fine condition with original folds, some wear and toning. Reuel W. Waters, age 20, enlisted as a Private in the ME 6th Light Artillery on September 11, 1862. He was mustered out in Augusta, ME, on June 17, 1865.

Fogg Family of Maine Archive, including: 26 Civil War Era Autograph Letters. The majority are written by Private Charles E. Fogg (who enlisted in the Union Army, "I" Co., ME 28th Infantry, on October 14, 1862) to his mother. In one of her replies, dated May 8, 1863, Mrs. Fogg writes (in part): "[T]hey are fighting now in every direction, you have a little more than two months to stay, but I fear you will have to go into battle before that time has passed." Others are written by Willard Fogg, John M. Fogg, Lizzie Fogg, and other family members and later descendants. Very good to near fine with original folds, some creases, wear and soiling. [and:] 16 Photographs of Family Descendants, one color, various sizes. Good to fine condition. [and:] Records of Family Descendants, including legal and tax records, invoices, receipts, invitations, cards, and postcards [and:] Newspaper Clippings Regarding Family Descendants. Good to very good with typical yellowing and brittleness with age.

1865 Letter, Huntsville, Alabama: "...the Black Troops who were placed over the white citizens to mortify and provoke us..." Great content Autograph Letter Signed by "D. M. Wharton" to his nephew, Charles D. Wharton, two pages, Hunstville, Alabama, November 4, 1865, in part: "With great pleasure received your favor of the 19th of last month and was delighted to hear you were all well, that prosperity was once more drawing upon you, and that the Black troops who were placed over the white citizens to mortify and spook us had been withdrawn... the prosperity of the African race, has caused much anxiety and loss to the honest part of our citizens, thank you for your kind wish... I am glad to hear 'Johnson is now acting like a gentlemen' and if so, I presume we shall soon hear of the liberation of Jeff Davis, who was cruelly kept in confinement for obeying the orders of his own sovereign state. They tried to get some our to swear he had some hand in killing Lincoln, but could not... The god of justice had him (Lincoln) promptly summoned, decree of the almighty god 'Sic Semper Tyrannis'" Great content letter.

Second item, a Wisconsin Territory letter, ca. 1840s Talks about the 12 below zero weather, etc., been archivallly taped together and split tear.

Condition: Good, cover chipped, discoloration, soiled, string for binding broke.

Mississippi Confederate POW's Spiritual Guide, The Soldier's Prayer Book (Philadelphia: Protestant Episcopal Book Society, n.d.), 64 pp., 4.5" x 3", brown paper wraps. Inscribed "Richmond Robinson: Camp Douglas / Ill / March the 17th 1865" on inside front cover. Worn covers, light foxing and some soiling. Overall good condition. Included are service records for Private Richmond L. Robinson, Co. "G", 35th Mississippi Infantry. (Some of the entries state "35th Alabama" in error.) Hopefully this well-thumbed little book gave comfort to Robinson as he endured the noxious atmosphere of Camp Douglas.

General George W. Thomas, the "Rock of Chickamauga", Membership Certificate for the Dialectic Society of the United States Military Academy, West Point. One page, partially printed on vellum, 13.25" x 15.5", June 1, 1840. Minor normal wrinkling, else, near very fine.

The Dialectic Society at West Point was a cadet debating club established in 1824. This is the certificate naming George H. Thomas as an honorary member of the society. Thomas (1816 -1870) was a career U.S. Army officer and a Union general during the American Civil War, one of the principal commanders in the Western Theater.

After graduating from the United States Military Academy in 1840, Thomas served in the Mexican-American War. He later chose to remain with the United States Army for the Civil War, despite his heritage as a Virginian. He won one of the first Union victories in the war, at Mill Springs in Kentucky, and served in important subordinate commands at Perryville and Stones River. His stout defense at the Battle of Chickamauga in 1863 saved the Union Army from being completely routed, earning him his most famous nickname, the "Rock of Chickamauga." He followed soon after with a dramatic breakthrough on Missionary Ridge in the Battle of Chattanooga. In the Franklin-Nashville Campaign of 1864, he achieved one of the most decisive victories of the war, destroying the army of Confederate General John Bell Hood, at the Battle of Nashville.

Thomas had a successful record in the Civil War, but he failed to achieve the historical acclaim of some of his contemporaries and fellow classmates, such as Ulysses S. Grant and William T. Sherman. Thomas developed a reputation as a slow, deliberate general who shunned self-promotion and who turned down advancements in position when he did not think they were justified. After the war, he did not write memoirs to advance his legacy. He also had an uncomfortable personal relationship with Grant, which served him poorly as Grant advanced in rank and eventually to the presidency.

After the end of the Civil War, Thomas commanded military departments in Kentucky and Tennessee until 1869. President Andrew Johnson offered Thomas the rank of lieutenant general-with the intent to eventually replace Grant, a Republican and future president, with Thomas as general in chief-but the ever-loyal Thomas asked the Senate to withdraw his name for that nomination because he did not want to be party to politics. In 1869, he requested assignment to command the Division of the Pacific with headquarters at the Presidio of San Francisco. He died there of a stroke while writing an answer to an article criticizing his military career. None of his blood relatives attended his funeral.

Confederate Telegraphic Dispatch Broadside, Enterprise, Mississippi, May 19, 1863. "To Col. J. H. Rives, Macon:- Gather as speedily as possible all the mounted companies you can, and move towards Jackson, to co-operate with Gen. Johnson. Furnish transportation and rations to such as are not mounted, to move by rail-road to Jackson. Raise and send forward all who are willing to give a gun for Mississippi. Spare no expensive or labor. John J. Petus.

Men or companies answering to above call will rendezvous at Macon without delay. James H. Rives. Col. & A. D. C."

Condition: Fine-very fine, discoloration on folds.

Three Confederate "Wallpaper" Philatelic Covers. Paper was in tight supply in the South during the Civil War and wallpaper was used in the manufacture of writing paper, envelopes, and newspapers. Here are three very desirable covers made from various patterned sheets of wallpaper. 1). Cover with handwritten ink "Jackson?, Mississippi, March 4, 1865" cancellation tying two 5¢ Jefferson Davis stamps (#S6). 2). Cover with "X" pen cancellation of a 10¢ Jefferson Davis (#S11), undated. 3). Cover with round "Canton/ Nov/ 13/ Ms" stamped cancellation tying a 10¢ Jefferson Davis (#S11), no year. All are approximately 5" x 3" in size and in very good condition.

Rare Lot of Eight Prisoner of War Confederate Covers Lieutenant Henry L. Muldrow ca 1860s.
First cover: Union prison cover carried North to South: Lieutenant Henry L. Muldrow, prisoner of war (Johnson Island) Sandusky, Ohio. From Lt. H. L. Muldrow 14th Miss. Regt. prisoner of war - to Mrs. Henry L. Muldrow Tibbee Station, Mobile & Ohio R. R. Mississippi, Kindness Lt. Thos. B. Sykes, cover has a Richmond, Va. cds and straight-line due 10 which was applied on arrival in Richmond.
Second cover: from 2nd Lt. H. L. Muldrow 14th Miss. Regt. prisoner of war - to Mrs. Henry L. Muldrow Tibbee Station, Mobile & Ohio R. R. Mississippi, stamped with green Columbus, Ohio. Green cds and due 10 applied on arrival in Richmond. Also has the examiners signature.
Third cover: from H. L. Muldrow 2nd Lt. Co. C 14th Miss. Regt. prisoner of war - to Mrs. Henry L. Muldrow Tibbee Station, Mobile & Ohio R. R. Mississippi, stamped with black Columbus, Ohio and due 10 applied on arrival in Richmond. Also has the examiners signature.
Fourth cover: via Forest Monroe, from Lt. H. L. Muldrow 14th Miss. Regt. prisoner of war - to Mrs. Henry L. Muldrow Tibbee Station, Mobile & Ohio R. R. Mississippi, stamped with black San Dusky, Ohio cds and due 10 applied on arrival in Richmond.
Fifth cover: from H. L. Muldrow 2nd Lt. Co. C 14th Miss. Regt.- to Mrs. Henry L. Muldrow Tibbee Station, Mobile & Ohio R. R. Mississippi, stamped with blue Huntsville, Alabama cds and due 5 applied on arrival in Huntsville. Has the examiners signature.
Sixth cover: via Forest Monroe & ___, from Lt. H. L. Muldrow 14th Miss. Regt. prisoner of war - to Mrs. Henry L. Muldrow Tibbee Station, Mobile & Ohio R. R. Mississippi, stamped with black San Dusky, Ohio cds and blue due 10 applied on arrival in Petersburg, Virginia.
Seventh cover: via Forest Monroe, from Lt. H. L. Muldrow 14th Miss. Regt. prisoner of war - to Mrs. Henry L. Muldrow Tibbee Station, Mobile & Ohio R. R. Mississippi, stamped with black San Dusky, Ohio cds and 10 applied on arrival in Petersburg, Virginia.
Eighth Cover: Examined by Lt. w. Wilson 20th Regt. O.V. U. S. A. to Mrs. Henry L. Muldrow Tibbee Station, Mobile & Ohio R. R. Mississippi. Has a black ___ Mississippi cds. Cover was sown with thread at top to close envelope. Letters from Confederate soldiers held as prisoners could be received as incoming letters without Confederate postage prepaid and marked as soldier's due covers with the postage to be paid by the addressee as long as they were properly endorsed with the soldier's name, rank and unit numbers. A great lot of RARE POW covers.

Condition: Very good-fine.

Four Complete Bound Volumes of Harper's Weekly, 1862-1865. First volume: starts with Vol. VI No. 262 January 4, 1862 to Vol. VI No. 315 December 27, 1862. Cover separated from binder. Second volume: Vol. VII No. 314 January 3, 1863 to Vol. VII 365 December 26, 1863. Cover separated from binder. Third volume: Vol. VIII No. 366 January 2, 1864 to Vol. VIII No. 418 December 31, 1864. Cover separated from binder. Fourth volume: Vol. IX No. 419 January 7, 1865 to Vol. IX No. 470 December 30, 1865. Cover separated from binder. Each measures approximately 11.50" x 15.75".

Condition: Very good-fine has some discoloration.

Civil War Scrapbook with many Harper's Weekly Clippings, ca. 1860s. 172 plus pages. Includes various images & articles, from military leaders to two page fold outs of battles, very interesting book. All the clippings were pasted on a ledger book form the New York and Erie Railroad Company's express. Measures approximately 14" x 17".

Condition: Good-very good, some foxing, last four pages torn.

Colonel Thomas Smith, Spur, Broken at Second Battle of Manassas, 5.75". Sold with a copy of Robert E. Lee, Man and Soldier (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1911), inscribed by the author, Thomas Nelson Page, "Col. Th. Smith from one who remembers him, with his friendship and esteem, Tho. Nelson Page, Christmas 1912." The inscription continues, "This copy is inscribed to you as a reminder of that gallant army, in token of my memory of Brownsville, T.N.P." There is also a copy of Detailed Minutiae of Soldier Life in the Army of Northern Virginia, 1861-1865 by Carlton McCarthy (Richmond: Carlton McCarthy & Company, 1882), a piece of shot similar to the one that damaged Colonel Smith's spur, and an accompanying newspaper article from the Harrodsburg [Kentucky] Herald, September 20, 1935, that tell the story of Colonel Smith's broken spur,

"Miss Virginia Meriwether Smith, who has just returned to her home in Washington D.C., received , while visiting here [Harrodsburg], from her uncle...a relic which has been treasured by the family. It is a steel spur broken from the heel of her grandfather, Col. Th. Smith, by a canister during the second battle of Manassas in the War Between the States. ... During the battle as he sat on his horse with his side exposed to the enemy, a canister from the opposing ranks struck the shanks of both spurs as it passed underneath his horse's belly without touching a hair of the animal. The steel spur was broken.... The impact of the shell was so great that it twisted every joint in Col. Smith's legs from his ankle to his thigh.

"Col. Smith became one of the most notable educators in Kentucky and was for many years president of Beaumont College in this city, a position he held at the time of his death in 1914."

Colonel Smith served on General Stonewall Jackson's staff.

Interesting Group of Civil War Period Gun Tools, Bullet Molds, and Long Range Rear Sights. Includes one Colt marked bullet mold, one Manhattan marked bullet mold, two main spring vises, two nipple wrenches, two rare combination tools, three long range rear sights (Enfield?), and a neat, probably Confederate, hand carved wooden tompion. All excellent and, in several cases, quite scarce.

Two unopened packages of Civil War .54/.58 caliber paper wrapped Minie' cartridges. Each pack contains ten cartridges with the original wrapper and string ties. One package is perfect, the other has a small opening at the upper corner revealing
one cartridge which is neatly slit at the top (no loss to the paper) exposing a Williams cleaner bullet. Quite scarce and rarely encountered on today's market

Nice Grouping of Civil War Cartridges and Fuses. One pack containing nine of the original ten paper wrapped Minie' cartridges with original string etc. One wrapper with five original Minie' cartridges, four loose Minie' cartridges, and several paper wrapped bullets including a buck and ball. Also one pack of five 8 second artillery fuses in the original wooden block with the paper wrapper marked with an ink stencil "8. S." Very rare and all in excellent condition.

Group of Four Bormann Fused Spherical Shells. Two 6-Pounders and two 12-Pounders. The 6-Pounders were found at Manassas in 1958, and Greenbrier Br. West Virginia in 1959. The 12-Pounders found at Greenbrier Br. In 1959 and Spotsylvania in 1958.

Large Group of Artifacts from the Battlefields of Manassas, Chancellorsville, Spotsylvania, Cold Harbor, and Petersburg. Hundreds of pieces including bullets with many scarce specimens, shrapnel, canteens, gun parts, fuses, horse gear, etc. Really a nice grouping and absolutely as received by Heritage from the Wentworth Military Academy. All recovered between 1955 and 1959.

Nice Group of Artifacts Recovered from the Wilderness Battlefield, 1955 -1959. Bullets including many scarce variations, canteens, gun parts including a .58 caliber rifled musket butt plate with screws that a tree root has grown around, shrapnel, fuses, and many other interesting and scarce pieces. Absolutely "unpicked" as received by Heritage from the Wentworth Military Academy.

Large Group of Artifacts Recovered from the Battlefields of Antietam, Monocacy, South Mountain, and Blackford's Ford. All items identified as to date and field of recovery including many specific locations such as Dunkard Church, Burnside's Bridge, etc. Many hundreds of pieces including bullets (many CS Gardners, .69 caliber, Garibaldi and other scarce specimens), canteens, fuses, gun parts including locks, trigger guards etc., belt and cartridge box plates (9), shrapnel, stirrups, and a variety of other interesting and scarce pieces. A remarkable grouping depicting the action on the bloodiest single day in American military history. Absolutely "unpicked," just as received by Heritage from the Wentworth Military Academy. All items recovered between 1955 and 1959.

Large Group of Civil War Artifacts Recovered from a Number of Different Civil War Battlefields including, Brandy Station, Hansborough Ridge, Totopotomy, White Oak Road, Rappahannock, Bermuda Hundred, Battery Stafford (the large pieces of shrapnel) Malvern Hill, Ezra Church and others, including several pieces from Gettysburg. Also a number of pieces with no location specified. Includes a large number of bullets including many scarce varieties, shrapnel, fuses, artillery gunner's tools, spurs, including an intact CS Richmond, gun parts including a Richmond lock, carbine snap swivels, an SNY plate and many other scarce and desirable pieces. All recovered between 1955 - 1960 and absolutely "'unpicked," as received by Heritage from the Wentworth Military Academy.

Great Group of Fifteen Pieces of Relic Wood, Each with a "Minie" or Round Ball Embedded in It. Seven identified as to the field from which they were recovered including Cold Harbor, The Wilderness, Gaines Mill, and Five Forks. The other eight are without ID. Great group and a superb display.

Two Tennessee Sabot 3" Mullane Shells. One with three-pin base found at 2d Manassas in 1957. The other with three pins and long bolt with sabot; unlocated.

Three 3.67" Hotchkiss Projectiles. One shell complete except for the sabot found at Bowen's line Vicksburg in 1959, a shell nose section with the sabot found at Bermuda Hundred in 1960, and a scarce complete bolt found at Vicksburg, Lowe's Battery in 1959.

Group of Five Civil War Projectiles. Schenkl found at Antietam in 1959, a Hotchkiss shell complete with sabot found at Vicksburg Stephenson's Line in 1959, a Hotchkiss nose section found at 2d Manassas in 1957, a partially exploded Hotchkiss nose section found at 2d Manassas in 1957 and the base section with flange from a 2-pound Parrot found at Bowen's line, Vicksburg in 1959.

Group of Three Scarce Civil War Projectiles. A 2.5" Britten bolt, no sabot, found at Burnside's bridge Antietam in 1957, a 3" Dyer shell retaining the sabot found at Manassas in 1967 and a 3.67" James Pattern II bolt, retaining much of the lead sabot found in 1959 at Bowen's line Vicksburg.

Group of Three Parrot Shells. Including one 20-pound Parrot "bottle nose" bolt recovered at Vicksburg Confederate line 1959, one 20-pound Parrot shell recovered at Antietam 1955, and a 30-pound Parrot "bottle nose" recovered at Drumgold's Bluff 1959, missing the flange. Both shells with deteriorated fuses.

Group of Four 10-Pound Parrot Shells. Recovered from Manassas B. Hill 1957, Manassas Bald H. 1957, missing a section of the flange, Manassas 1959, and one unlocated. All four with deteriorated fuses.

Group of Five Recovered Pieces. Including three 6-pound solid shot recovered at Vicksburg Bowen's line 1959 and two from 2d Manassas; one 12-pound solid shot from (remarkably) Gettysburg, which actually appears to be non-dug, and a 12-pound shell from 2d Manassas 1957.

Group of Five 12-Pound Spherical Solid Shot. Recovered at Spotsylvania 1956, Vicksburg Bowen's Line 1959, The Wilderness 1955, Blackford's Ford 1960, and one unlocated.

Two Tennessee Sabot 3" Mullane Shells. One with three pins found, no fuse, unlocated. The other with three pins, deteriorated fuse, but otherwise in really superb condition found at Antietam in the West Woods in 1956.

Three Confederate Read Parrots. One complete found at Spotsylvania in 1956, possibly a Tredegar. One somewhat deteriorated, apparently in the water, found at Bermuda Hundred in 1960, and one with a chunk broken from the base from the Wilderness in 1955.

Group of Three "Bottle Nose" 30-Pounder Parrot Bolts. All three recovered at Vicksburg, Lane's Battery in 1959. One missing the entire flange, one missing a small piece of the flange, the third one intact.

Heavy Bronze German Line Gun, ca.1840. 4" bore, 26½" overall, 7½" diameter at the breech on, what appears to be the original sliding wood carriage, which is 29" long with two wooden wheels mounted at the front. Nicely marked on the top of the 9½" reinforcing band where the trunnions are mounted "Leinenwurfmoser/ kal. 80/ H. G. Cordes/ Wesermundeg". Overall perfect untouched condition and a very attractive and impressive bronze gun.

Six-Pounder American Iron Cannon, Ca. 1840-1860 An unmarked American Iron six-pound field cannon in excellent condition. Although completely unmarked, it is stylistically American made, heavily cast with 3" trunnions. The fire hole is clear and the cascabel is intact. Certainly used by U.S. Forces from the Mexican War to the Civil War. The total length is 39.5", the bore diameter is 2.5".

Provenance: The Crow Art Partnership Collection (Dallas, Texas)

Remington New Model Army Revolver. Serial number 103985, circa 1870, 8" octagon barrel in .44 caliber. All markings and configuration standard for this model. Functioning action.

Condition. Completely refinished after much use. Grips sanded with finish applied.

Enigmatic ca. 1825 Enlisted Cavalry Saber and Scabbard by N. Starr & Co. The sword is a standard M1818, with all correct markings, and dated 1821 on the face of the knucklebow. The only anomaly is that the threaded blade tang extends 1/8" above the pommel/spanner nut seat, but obviously assembled and used this way. The scabbard is that of a M1812 Starr and fits snugly. It is generally accepted that, subsequent to the completion of government contracts, Starr assembled small quantities of sabers from surplus and rejected parts, that were sold to militia organizations. This is doubtless one of those swords. Really wonderful condition with all metal generally smooth and light gray, just some minor patches of light pitting on the scabbard and a few tiny nicks on the blade, leather wrapped grip perfect. An unusual and interesting Starr cavalry saber.

Imperial German Artillery Saber. This stirrup-hilted sword was based on the English Light Cavalry troopers sword used from 1796 to 1820. It was an extremely effective cutting saber, so popular in fact, that the Prussians adopted this pattern after the Napoleonic Wars. This example is circa 1910. The bright curved, single-edged blade measures 30", with an overall measurement of 35". The blade is 1.25" wide at the hilt. A broad fuller runs from the ricasso to within 4" of the point. The blade displays a rudimentary false edge. A broad fuller runs from the ricasso to within about 4" of the point. The blade is maker marked P.D. Luneschloss, Solingen and the spine is marked with an Imperial crown and "W 10". The saber has an all steel hilt with a composition grip. The steel scabbard has a single fixed suspension ring and heavy drag. The throat of the scabbard is regimentally marked "43.A.6.55". This is a fine example of this pattern.

WWI German Artillery Officer's Sword. A nice example of a "P" guard infantry sword with slightly curved blade. With no markings present it is difficult to determine the country of manufacture of this sword. The single-edged blade measures 31", 35.5" overall, and 1" wide at the hilt and bears a wide fuller to within 6" of the point. The blade is pitted and portions of the fish skin are worn or missing from the wire wrapped grip. Two large brass planchets extend from the bottom of the brass guard. The guard is slotted for a sword knot. The iron scabbard has two rings for suspension. The blade is uniformly spotted otherwise it is good condition.

Pair of Cased Reilly Percussion Pistols. Very nice cased pair of .44 caliber, 2-inch blued round screw barrels. Floral engraved frames, Engraved "Reilly/ London". British proofs also engraved dolphin's on fire blued hammers. Folding triggers. Bag shaped one-piece checkered walnut grips and contained in their original green velvet lined case with commensurate accessories. The wooden case cracked. Measures approximately 9" x 6.75".

Condition: Both are fine to very fine, barrels have grey patina and scattered fine pitting. The remaining areas with light wear.

Allen & Thurber Pepperbox. Medium size, circa 1845 to 1850s. 3½" barrel in six shot configuration, .28 caliber. Barrel marked "Allen & Thurber - Worchester." Hammer marked "Allen's Patent 1845." Modest engraving on iron frame and nipple shield. Functioning action.

Condition. Metal surfaces go from a light to grey patina. Minor pitting in select areas. Original walnut grips are very good to excellent. Basically a very sound example of an early pepperbox.

Flintlock Pocket Pistol of European Origin. Circa 1800s, 3½" cannon muzzle, single shot flintlock pistol in .50 caliber. All iron construction. Silver wire scroll inlay on stock behind tang. Fully functional. Only 7" long, this pistol is well made yet unmarked on any metal surface.

Condition. Relatively uniform light grey in color. Essentially, pit free. Sound wood with one ship at juncture with bird head grip cap.

Kerr London Armoury .44 Caliber Percussion Double Action Revolver. The Kerr has been characterized as the "stepchild" of the Confederate revolver family. At the beginning of the war the Confederate government sent Capt. Caleb Huse to Europe to purchase arms. Huse was able to conclude a contract with the London Armoury resulting in all arms they produced being shipped to the Confederacy. Some 7,000 of these extremely well made revolvers were produced during the war, a considerable portion of which found their way through the blockade in to Confederate hands. London Armoury was the largest supplier of revolvers to the Confederate government, with the first delivery arriving on September 18, 1861. Serial numbers of revolvers supplied to the Confederacy fall between roughly 3000 and 10000. This example is serial #2395. Small "London Armoury" die stamp on left side of frame, "London Armoury Co." engraved on left side of the frame and "Kerrs Patent 2395" engraved on right side of frame. British proofs on cylinder and barrel. Line engraving along edge of lock and frame. Checkered varnished one piece grips with original lanyard ring. Irogonal loading lever and catch. A good representative Kerr revolver that could have seen Confederate service.

Condition: Metal overall completely untouched with scattered light pitting, a bit heavier in a few areas. Very good bore, mechanically the double action does not work properly and will require some tinkering. Excellent checkered grip.

Austrian Musket, .69 Caliber. Missing sling swivels. Wood has been sanded and refinished. The barrel is pitted at the breech and has been cleaned. All other iron parts retain a dark patina with overall light to medium pitting. Barrel length has been reduced slightly.

Two Different Civil War Artillery Cannon Sights. First steel cannon sight is approximately 3.75" long stamped on sight "32. P. Jr. B. T." The second steel sight is approximately 3.75" long, 7/8" wide stamped "10 P Jr.".

Condition: Fine, some rust.

Connecticut Soldier's 20mm Gold I.D. Ring. One side is engraved "H Buffington. Co'y B 10th Regt. CV" while the other reads "Petersburg Va. Sept 5th 1864". Coin-like tags and metal corps badges were the preferred vehicles for carrying personal information. As such, this item is a highly unusual form of identification and is certainly not a finger ring. Drilled for suspension. Wear as expected, else excellent condition. Herbert Buffington of Willington, Connecticut enlisted on September 30, 1861 and marched with the 10th until being mustered out in October, 1864. He would have seen early service primarily in the Carolinas and later in Virginia. Buffington's regiment was indeed before Petersburg during September, 1864, however the significance of the 5th (as engraved) is lost without his service record at hand.

Late Civil War Leather Cartridge Box with US Plate, ca. 1860s. US regulation 1839 pattern enlisted man's US cartridge box plate. Both iron loops intact and strong with leather string holding buckle on cartridge box. Dark chocolate brown patina with smooth face and letter style reflecting early or pre-war manufacturer. The leather Cartridge box in very good condition. Manufactured by W. Oliver of Pittsburgh, inspector's mark not found. Leather is strong and pliable, with some surface flaking. Also comes with tins.

Condition: Very good-fine, leather has flaking and wear, leather strap broken have broken piece, US plate has some dings, over all great condition.

Civil War-Era U.S. Cavalry Type "S" Curve Bit, ca. 1860s-1870s. The standard issue bit, for general use with a bradoon. The curved shank made it harder for a horse to grab the side of the bit. With a higher port and the weight of this bit, it would encourage a horse to submit to the rider. Complete Cavalry bit has the U.S. Cavalry insignia on side and a leather bradoon strap intact.

Condition: Fine, has rust.

Brass Civil War Artillery Stirrups, ca. 1860s. Very nice matching pair of heavy brass stirrups. No maker's marks. Measure approximately 4.50" x 5.50" .

Condition: Very fine.

Civil War Leather Boots. This pair of boots is one of the many variations worn by both Union and Confederate cavalrymen. This pair has long ago been re-soled and re-heeled with square headed nails. The leather, while not soft and supple, still retains its luster. This style would have come up to just above the calf with a faint impression that one would be for the left and one for the right foot.

Uniform Tunic, 7th Regiment, New York National Guard, triple breasted, swallow-tailed in cadet-grey wool with gold bullion lace at the collar, sleeves, and tail. The tunic has twenty-five large buttons (one loose) and seventeen small buttons. It is missing seven large buttons and one small button. The tunic is fully lined (the lining of the sleeves needs to be reattached at the shoulder. The original maker's label reads, "S. Morrison & Son/643 Park Ave./250 E. 67th St., N.Y./ 7th Reg. Tailor". Light mothing, else, near very good.

This is the pre-Civil War pattern uniform of the 7th Regiment. It was reinstated in October 1867 when individual companies voted to return to the pre-war full dress uniform. Regimental orders described the uniform as the "Gray dress coat as worn in 1860." By the spring of 1868, the Regiment was again wearing the tailed, braided, and laced coats.

The traditional uniform of the 7th was a symbol of stability in New York City. The regiment continued to wear it as regimental full dress until the Second World War.

General Edward Richard Sprigg Canby Signed Carte de Visite. 2.5" x 4", published by E. & H. T. Anthony, New York from a photographic negative of Brady's National Portrait Gallery, mat slightly toned, image slightly faded else very good.

Canby graduated from West Point in 1839 and saw service in the Second Seminole War, Mexican-American War and the Utah War. During the Civil War he commanded Union troops at the Battle of Glorieta Pass in New Mexico. Canby is regarded as an able administrator but Grant considered him not aggressive enough. Canby has the dubious distinction of being the only general killed during the Indian Wars when on April 11, 1873 he was killed by Modoc Indian leader Captain Jack. In this CDV Canby is posed standing in his general's frock coat with his hat in hand by his side.

Union Major General McPherson & Staff Carte de Visite, no backmark, identified on verso by 20th c. pencil inscription reading, "Major Gen. James B. / McPherson & staff / in front of Balfour / House Vicksburg Miss.". McPherson and nine well-dressed officers pose before a stately Southern home. Some wear and light stains, very good condition. James McPherson (1828 - 1864) graduated first in the U.S. Military Academy Class of 1853. An engineer by training, he served under U. S. Grant before being transferred to Sherman's army. McPherson was killed in action around Atlanta and has the distinction of being the highest-ranking Union officer to be killed in the war.

Incidents Of The War, Gen. H. Prince and Staff, Ca. 1860s. Imperial size photograph, with soldiers identified on verso in pencil, Culpepper, Virginia, September 1863. Brigadier General Henry Prince of the 2nd Division, 3rd Corp & staff. Seated left to right: Capt. B. W. Hoxie 70th N. Y. Inf., Lt. E. A. Belger, 70th N. Y. Inf., Lt. W. J. Rusling, 5th N. J. Inf., Gen. Prince, Maj. Chas. Hamlin, A. A. G., Capt. G. S. Russell, 5th N. J. Inf., Standing: Capt. J. W. Holmes, 2nd N.Y. Inf., Capt. T. P. Johnson, A. Q. M. unknown, Assist Surg. J. F. Calhoun, Lt. Albert Ordway, 24th Mass. Inf., unknown, unknown. Photograph, negative by T. H. Sullivan, positive by Alex. Gardner, Washington.

Condition: Good, with major foxing.

General Winfield Scott CDV, 2.5" x 4". Bintoul & Rockwood, New York. Near fine with some foxing and minor wear.

Lot of Six CDVs of Union Officers, including: General Philip H. Sheridan. Near fine with rounded (trimmed) corners; General George B. McClellan. Near fine with minor wear; General Joseph Hooker. Very good with rounded (trimmed) corners; General Winfield Scott. Fine; General Ambrose Burnside. Near fine with light staining around edges; Unidentified. Near fine with trimmed corners. All but Sheridan are E. & H. T. Anthony, NY, from Mathew Brady negatives.

Unidentified Union Captain With Drawn Sword Carte de Visite. 2.5"x 4", H. P. Stimber, Austin, Nevada backmark, top corners trimmed, else about fine. The image features the captain seated with his sword drawn and resting in his lap. The image is sharp enough that you can just make out the engraving on the blade of the sword. Atop his kepi is what appears to be a company designation within a wreath.

Photograph of Five Civil War Officers, ca. 1860s. These officers are sitting on a bear rug in front of tent drinking, smoking cigars & playing cards. Unmounted albumen photograph. Measures approximately 7.75" x 4.50".

Condition: Fine-very fine.

Gardner Albumen Photograph of Joseph Dickenson and Benjamin Ludlow ca. 1860s. In pencil on front of photograph "Col. Dickinson, Major Ludlow at Fairfax- 1863". Both officers posing for the photographer in their dress uniforms, with a black servant sitting to the right of Ludlow. Photograph taken off a damaged glass plate as there are many black spots on image. Measures approximately 8.75" x 6.75".

Condition: Good-very good, some foxing on mount.

2nd Massachusetts Infantry Officers Albumen Photograph, 4.5" x 6.75" overall, dated by inscription as being taken in New York City in August, 1863. The subjects are identified as Adjutant John A. Fox, Captain William E. Perkins, Captain Daniel Oakey and Captain F. W. Crowninshield. Browning, chips and wear to mat. Good condition. These affable young warriors were on detached duty to New York in the aftermath of the bloody draft riots that rocked the city in July. Veteran opponents of Robert E. Lee for two years, the 2nd Massachusetts would soon leave New York to join Sherman in the Western Theater for the war's duration.

Large Albumen Image of Union Field Officer. Impressive photo of a seated field officer holding sword. Matted image is approximately 7.25 x 5.5". Gilded oval frame measures 13.5 x 11.5". Image produced by R. Knecht Photographer of Easton, PA. Light age toning. Fine.

Corporal Benjamin G. Blanchard, 5th Massachusetts Volunteers, Lot of Six Items, including: Soldier's Desk, cloth scroll inside wooden case, 8.5" x 8.5" (unrolled). The cloth, dated 1862, features the handwritten notation "Corpl. B. G. Blanchard Jr. / Co. H. 5th Regt. / Mass. V. M." Cloth is very good with some staining and wear; the wood is fine; CDV, 2.5" x 4.25", featuring a portrait of Blanchard taken just before he left to fight in the Civil War; Two Ambrotypes, gilt frames housed in leather cases, 2.25" x 3". Very good condition with the lids separated from the cases; Mercer House Business Card, 3.75" x 2.5", including Blanchard's handwritten identification on verso. Very good condition with fading, foxing, and minor staining; 1857 Diary, ruled blue paper in leather binding, 3.5" x 5", in pencil. Paper is near fine; case is very good with some wear. Blanchard enlisted in Charlestown, Massachusetts, in August 1862 for a term of nine months. He died from typhus at a hospital in Newbern, North Carolina, on May 23, 1863. This lot is accompanied by a file of photocopied records pertaining to Blanchard's Civil War service and his widow's pension application filed in 1863.

A.P. Hill Wearing Shell Jacket CDV, 2.5" x 4". E. & H. T. Anthony, New York. Near fine with minor wear and foxing.

Union Drummer Boy Carte de Visite, no backmark. A truly young volunteer faces the camera with grim determination. He wears waist and shoulder belts with indeterminate plates. A kepi having on its crown the number "7" within a stamped brass infantry bugle sits on the table by his side. The consignor's notes ascribe this image to the 7th New Hampshire. Bump to upper right corner, browning to edges. Very good condition.

Union Color Bearer Carte de Visite, Reeve & Watts, Columbus, Ohio backmark. This patriotic young soldier stands straight with the national colors against a camp scene backdrop. Light soiling, very good condition.

Union Army Drummer Carte de Visite, J. Austen, Oswego, New York backmark. A mature young man - hardly a "boy" - stands by his drum wearing a regulation musician's sword secured by a Model 1851 sword belt plate. Overall browning, some edge chipping, bend on lower right corner. Good condition.

Matthew Brady Topical Carte de Visite, imprinted on lower front margin "Illustrations of Camp Life / Brady... Washington". A celebrated - if staged - image in which two soldiers fight a mock duel while their comrades, including a black child, look on. A pencil inscription along the lower margin dates this image to 1862 and claims these men are from the 24th Michigan. Soiling, tape residue on verso. Good condition.

Brady 23rd New York Carte de Visite imprinted "Brady...Washington" on lower front margin. The verso is inscribed, "Presented to / Miss Mary Pangburn / By / William Caslin / August the 23, 1861 / Washington DC / My love goes with / this it is truly / thine forever thine / Fair well until my return / that will be but short my love." Hmm... this image depicts nine soldiers. Which one is the love-struck Caslin? Probably the shifty-eyed little runt on the far right of the second row. In any case, Caslin served with the 23rd New York for two years. Here members of his company pose in camp while they were manning the defenses of Washington. The photograph is sharp enough to make out an oval SNY belt plate on one of the men.

Cased Sixth Plate Tintype of Identified Massachusetts Sergeant Major With Friend. Two armed Union soldiers are seated before a studio backdrop depicting an army camp scene. One fellow wears a sergeant major's chevrons, holds a sword and has the number "46" on his kepi. His associate, a corporal, cradles a musket and wears an imported English "snake" belt buckle. The image is oriented horizontally. Some minor blistering does not effect the subjects. Overall very good condition. A modern note in the case claims the sergeant major is one Joseph Fowler Field of the 46th Massachusetts Infantry. Field held that rank from October 31, 1862 until promoted to 2nd lieutenant on June 4, 1863.

Cased Ninth Plate Daguerreotype of Union Soldier. Since ambrotypes and tintypes de-throned the daguerreotype in the 1850s, it is extremely rare to see the obsolete photographic process being used during the Civil War. Here, staring out of his distinctive silvery mirror, is a young volunteer wearing a broad brimmed hat often associated with New Jersey troops. Spotting and haloing throughout, case missing lid.

Cased Quarter Plate Tintype of Identified Armed Union Soldier. A penciled note behind the image on the case states this fellow to be George Foreman of the 111th Pennsylvania Volunteers (not to be confused with the grill meister). He stands in a private's sack coat before a painted camp scene backdrop. Foreman's new musket is accompanied by standard Federal accoutrements. Tinted trousers, gold paint to buttons and plates. Somewhat dark, light creasing and loose lid. Good condition. The subject served in the 111th's Co. "E" and in Co. "I" before being wounded near Atlanta in May, 1864.

Cased Quarter Plate Tintype of Armed Union First Sergeant. A magnificent studio portrait in every respect. The white-gloved subject stands with musket and non-commissioned officer's sword in front of a painted backdrop depicting an army camp. He wears a full compliment of standard accoutrements including an oval US belt plate and an eagle breast plate. Gold paint highlights metallic elements of the sergeant's uniform. A few light creases visible only when angled to light, else pristine. Housed in thermoplastic case embossed with scrolled foliate designs.

Cased Sixth Plate Tintype of Union Signal Corpsman. The sleeves of this soldier's frock coat carry U. S. Army Diamond insignia, making this a very scarce image. The subject poses before a painted palm tree backdrop suggestive of duty in the Deep South. Several light creases only noticeable when angled, case missing lid. Fine condition.

Cased Sixth Plate Ambrotype of Double-Armed Union Volunteer. A fabulous early war image in which a stern Union soldier brandishes a cocked musket. His revolver and bayonet socket are visible in a waist belt fastened with a US oval plate, while an eagle breastplate adorns his cross belt. This fellow is ready to snuff out rebellion or die trying. Good tonal contrasts and surfaces, considerable haloing that is not unattractive. Case missing lid.

"Ellsworth's Avenger" CDV-Sized Framed Albumen Print, 2.25" x 3.5" in modern 8.75" x 10.5" wooden frame with period news clipping. Fine condition. Frank Brownell, one of the North's first heroes, was perhaps the most photographed soldier in the Union Army. He is shown here in the distinctive zouave uniform he wore as a member of Co. "A". 11th New York Infantry. Brownell soared to fame on May 24, 1861 when he fatally shot James Jackson, proprietor of the Marshall House in Alexandria, Virginia. Jackson, in turn, had just killed the celebrated Colonel Elmer Ellsworth for ripping down the inn's Confederate flag. The cycle of violence that was to finally end in 1865 had begun in earnest.

Sixth Plate Ambrotype of Union Seaman. A studio portrait in which the subject's sailor's cap and flared trousers are supplemented by an oil cloth jacket that looks disturbingly modern. Light tinting to cheeks. Excellent condition.

Abraham Lincoln CDV, 2.5" x 4". This excellent CDV features a striking, full frontal image of the 16th President. E. & H. T. Anthony, New York, from Mathew Brady negative. Fine with minor wear and foxing.

Photographic Grouping Pertaining to Illinois Union Drummer. A leaf from a photograph album contains five cartes de visite identified to various members of Chicago's Wardrum family. Included is a CDV of 16 year-old drummer Kjel (anglicized later to "Kale") Wardrum with a H. Rocher of Chicago backmark. The lad served with Company "H", 39th Illinois Infantry, surviving campaigns in South Carolina and Virginia. Accompanying this wartime image is a much later cabinet card portrait of Kale Wardrum taken shortly before his 1893 death. Proud of his youthful service to the Union, the aging drummer wears a GAR lapel pin and medal. Both images are in fine condition. The lot includes facsimiles of Wardrum's service and pension records.

Alan Pinkerton at Antietam Albumen Photograph, Maryland, September,1862, possibly by Alexander Gardner, 4.75" x 4.25". The Union's chief detective, wearing a simple slouch hat, sits with four frock-coated, top-hatted gentlemen who seem to reek of politics. Three of Pinkerton's companions also sport Lincolnesque chin whiskers. Were these men consciously imitating the President? Light aging as expected, very good condition.

Union Spy Pauline Cushman: Hand-Tinted Sixteenth Plate Tintype. American actress, and a spy for the Union Army during the American Civil War. While performing in Kentucky, Cushman was offered money to toast Jefferson Davis in a performance. She toasted the Confederate President and reported the incident to a Union official, who believed this act would make it possible for her to spy on Confederate camps. She was publicly fired from the theater company, then followed the Confederate troops, reporting back on their movements to Union forces. She was caught with documents while spying in Shelbyville, Kentucky, and was sentenced to hang, but she was saved by the invasion of the area by Union troops. Following the war, she toured the country giving lectures on her exploits as a spy. Head-and-shoulders image of Cushman with tinted cheeks. Housed in a small latched "Union" case (a combination of wood fiber and shellac mixed together to form a thermoplastic material that its inventor called "Union"). Case bears one small chip, else fine. Image is very fine. Size: 1/9th plate.

Civil War Admiral Andrew H. Foote Family Album of Cartes de Visite and Cabinet Cards, containing 35 CDVs and 11 cabinet cards. The album, 8" x 10", is inscribed "Presented to Miss. A. B. Foote" (perhaps the admiral's daughter). The album includes two CDVs of Foote; one is a studio portrait with him wearing the uniform of a captain in the United States Navy (1861-1862), the other CDV is a Brady photograph of Foote, looking quite a bit older, wearing the uniform of an admiral in the last year of his life (1862-1863). The album has CDV's of Admiral Foote's wife, daughter, and son, as well as other family members and friends. The binding is very weak, the spine missing, and the green velvet boards worn. Most images are fine or better.

Andrew Hull Foote, born September 12, 1806 at New Haven, Conn., entered the Navy December 1822 as a midshipman. Commanding Portsmouth in the East India Squadron on November 20-21, 1856, Foote led a landing party that seized the barrier forts at Canton, China, in reprisal for attacks on American ships. From August 30, 1861 to May 9, 1862, Foote commanded the Naval Forces on Western Rivers with distinction, organizing and leading the gunboat flotilla in the capture of Forts Henry and Donelson and Island No. 10. Wounded in action at Fort Donelson, Foote was commissioned Rear Admiral July 16, 1862, and was on his way to take command of the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron when he died at New York June 26, 1863.

Admiral Foote was the son of Samuel Augustus Foote, Governor of Connecticut who also served as a United States Representative and Senator.

Embroidered Star from Lincoln Funeral Rail Car Flag. Extremely rare sequined embroidered star from a 36-star flag that adorned the interior of one of the Lincoln funeral rail cars during the duration of its stop in Indianapolis, Indiana (April 30, 1865). From 7 a.m. to midnight, several large silk flags bearing 36 stars embroidered with silver thread and sequins were displayed in the funeral cars. Afterward these flags were given to prominent Indianapolis families, this particular one having been presented to the G. James McQuillen family. Unfortunately, the nature of silk, time, and poor storage conditions eventually destroyed all the flags but this remaining piece. Measuring approximately 4 x 4", the star is sewn to a dark blue silk field which is in turn mounted on a piece of cotton backing. Double matted with a reproduction image of the funeral rail cars to an overall size of 14 x 11". Silk fabric is heavily deteriorated; star is lightly tarnished. An exceptional addition to any presidential collection.

Wonderful Little Group of Four Pieces Carved from Peach Pits in Andersonville Prison. The accompanying period Carte de Visite with a Detroit photographer's backmark, bears the following pencil script note on the back, "Grabdaddy Mica who survived Andersonville and made these lovely gifts while there". Soldier appears somewhat emaciated, wearing a rolled collar uniform coat with an unidentified badge on the left breast, fine condition. All showing their great age and worn from handling to a rich smooth patina. Although myriad numbers of items are routinely identified as having been carved by Civil War POWs it is rare that pieces surface with such interesting provenance.

1914 New York Andersonville Medal and Badge. The first being an "Andersonville Survivor Medal", bronze, 50mm, engraved as presented to William H. Raynor on the dedication of the New York monument at the former prison site. With American flag and blue ribbons topped by stamped brass "Survivor" hanger. Some fraying to fabric, else extremely fine.

The accompanying brass badge, 2" x 5" overall, also commemorates the dedication of New York's Andersonville monument, however is for a "Guest". All metal construction, excellent condition. Raynor, at age 22, mustered into the 82nd New York Infantry on May 6, 1864. Despite the late date of his enlistment, he would have had plenty of time to be captured in Virginia and sent south to face the notorious Georgia summer of 1864.

Two Union Cartes de Visite Depicting Huntsville, Alabama, both with Taylor & Seavey Army of Tennessee backmarks. The first shows the Courthouse, before which stand two Yankee soldiers; the second is of a laden ox cart and its driver. Verso pencil inscriptions place these scenes. Included with the Huntsville CDVs is an unidentified Carte de Visite with blank back showing a man wearing a military vest and civilian-style coat with brass uniform buttons. Light stains and some wear to all, good condition. Huntsville, Alabama was occupied by Union forces from late 1863 until the end of the war.

Union Railroad Picket Carte de Visite, no backmark, verso inscription reading, "Taken Dec 2 1863 / near Vienna Va / Rail Road Picket". Ten Union soldiers, one a drummer, stand before a huge Sibley tent with tracks clearly visible in the background. Browning, light stains. Good condition. Most likely these men were guarding the Orange and Alexandria line against raids by John S. Mosby and his Confederate partisans.

Photograph Federal Wagon Train, Petersburg, Virginia Ca 1860s. Petersburg became the setting for the longest siege in American history when General Ulysses S. Grant failed to capture Richmond in the spring of 1864. Grant settled in to subdue the Confederacy by surrounding Petersburg and cutting off General Robert E. Lee's supply lines into Petersburg and Richmond. On April 2, 1865, nine-and-one-half months after the siege began, Lee evacuated Petersburg. This historical image was photographed by John Reekie. 9" x 7" mounted on card 11" x 9".

Condition: Fine, nice contrast, light shadow right hand side.

Confederate General Robert E. Lee Carte de Visite, E. & H. T. Anthony, New York backmark crediting the image to Brady. An almost sculptural profile of Lee in uniform. A few trivial stains on verso. Very good condition.

Former Confederate General Robert E. Lee Carte de Visite, E. & H. T. Anthony, New York backmark with United States revenue stamp. The venerable Lee is shown here in this postwar image as President of Lexington, Virginia's Washington College. Overall toning, a few marks on verso. Very good condition.

General Robert E. Lee and Staff Albumen: "The Military Medallion" Likely taken from CDVs, this print feature the Southern general surrounded by portraits of his staff officers. Matted and framed of the period, in excellent condition. Size as framed 12.5" x 14".

Confederate Brigadier General James J. Archer Carte de Visite, E. & H. T. Anthony backmark, New York. Penciled identification on verso, light foxing. Nice tonal contrasts, overall good condition. Marylander James Jay Archer (1817 - 1864) was the first Army of Northern Virginia general to be captured by the enemy. Taken at Gettysburg, he spent a year in prison on Johnson's Island, Ohio before being exchanged. Archer's health was ravaged by the experience, resulting in an untimely death shortly after his release.

Confederate Brigadier General Alfred H. Colquitt Carte de Visite, E. & H. T. Anthony, New York backmark. Penciled identification on verso. Very good condition. Georgian Alfred Holt Colquitt (1824 - 1894) was a veteran of the Mexican War with some experience at law. His Civil War experience included serving under Stonewall Jackson. Colquitt became quite the politician after the war, serving as Governor of Georgia and as one of the state's U. S. Senators.

Carte de Visite Likely of Kentucky Confederate Major General George B. Crittenden, J. C. Elrod's Gallery backmark, Louisville, Kentucky (not stated), with Federal revenue stamp en verso. Light marginal soiling with trivial bump to one corner. Very good condition. The patrician sitter in this image bears a strong resemblance to a known Crittenden U. S. Army portrait taken before the Civil War. A graduate of West Point, George Crittenden also saw service with the Republic of Texas Army.

Confederate Brigadier General Thomas F. Drayton Cartes de Visite, E. & H. T. Anthony backmark, New York. Penciled identification on verso, light soiling. Very good condition overall. Thomas Fenwick Drayton (1801 - 1891), scion of a prominent South Carolina family, graduated from the U. S. Military Academy in 1828. Contrary to South Carolina's reputation as being solidly Confederate, the Drayton family was of divided loyalties. As commander of the defenses around Port Royal in 1861, Thomas Drayton was attacked by his own brother, Percival, who captained one of the Federal ships engaged in the assault.

Lieutenant General Richard S. Ewell Carte de Visite, no backmark, Confederate manufacture. Clipped upper left corner, some edge chipping, fold to lower margin. Good condition. Virginian Richard Stoddard Ewell (1817 - 1872) graduated from the U.S. Military Academy in 1840. A Confederate brigadier at First Manassas, Ewell was a corps commander at Gettysburg. His cautious decision to not attack Federal positions on Cemetery Hill has often been considered the error that handed ultimate victory to the Union.

Confederate Brigadier General Archibald Gracie, Jr. Carte de Visite, E. & H. T. Anthony, New York backmark. Penciled identification under unusual image in which a uniform was drawn beneath the subject's head. Archibald Gracie, Jr. (1832 - 1864) was a New York native and an 1854 graduate of the United States Military Academy. Working in Mobile before the war, Gracie became involved in local militia and remained with his adoptive state after the attack on Fort Sumter. Gracie would eventually lead an Alabama cavalry brigade. He was killed near Petersburg.

Three Cartes de Visite Possibly Associated With Confederate Major General Bryan Grimes, variously inscribed in a 20th century hand as "General Grimes CSA", "KLR CSA Wife" and "Cpt JPR CSA". The first image has no backmark and shows a seated officer who bears a passing resemblance to Grimes. This CDV, likely of Confederate manufacture, is quite faded and the uniform's insignia is not visible. Rounded corners as made, overall toning, Good condition. The second portrait is of an 1870s lady and carries a W. A. Croley, Lynchburg, Tennessee backmark. Scuffs and a few stains. Good condition. The third CDV has no backmark and shows a young man, possibly in Confederate uniform, but more likely outfitted as a postwar cadet. Foxing and imperfections to the print. Good condition.

Bryan Grimes (1828 - 1880) is best known for leading the last Confederate charge at Appomattox and was highly respected in North Carolina after the war. The primary image here could be an unpublished portrait of Grimes, however the other two are probably unrelated to the general - especially given the lady's Tennessee backmark. An enigmatic trio worthy of further research.

Confederate Lieutenant General A. P. Hill Carte de Visite, no backmark, Confederate manufacture. Here the general wears a colonel's insignia similar to those worn by General Lee. Clipped upper corners as made, light toning. Fine condition. Ambrose Powell Hill (1825 - 1865) graduated from the U. S. Military Academy in 1847 and would prove himself one of General Lee's best corps commanders. The unfortunate Hill was killed near Petersburg just a week before Appomattox.

Confederate Commodore George N. Hollins Carte de Visite, E. & H. T. Anthony, New York backmark with penciled identification. This CDV is taken from a prewar portrait of the subject. Overall browning, very good condition. George Nichols Hollins (1799 - 1878) was a War of 1812 veteran and a career U. S. Navy officer before entering Confederate service. His hastily assembled "Mosquito Fleet" of gunboats harassed Union blockaders on the Mississippi early in the war.

Lieutenant General John Bell Hood, CSA, and R. F. Hood CDVs, 2.5" x 4". The R. F. Hood CDV is signed (in pencil) "Yours kindly / R. F. Hood M.D." Near fine with minor wear and soiling.

General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson CDV, 2.5" X 4". Lumpkin & Co., Photographers, Richmond, Virginia. Fine with minor wear and foxing.

Confederate Lieutenant General John Bell Hood Carte de Visite, no backmark, Confederate manufacture. Clipped upper corners as made, light toning. Fine condition. Kentucky-born John Bell Hood (1831 - 1879) graduated from the U. S. Military Academy in 1853. As commander of the Texas Brigade during the war's early days, Hood rose to prominence in the Army of Northern Virginia. He was transferred to the Army of Tennessee after Gettysburg and ended up with the impossible task of trying to keep Sherman out of Atlanta.

Confederate Lieutenant General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson Carte de Visite, lower margin embossed "Lee Gallery / 929 Main Street, / Richmond, Va.". An early postwar print of Jackson's most celebrated likeness. Pencil identification on verso, else fine condition.

CSA Lieutenant General Joseph Eggleston Johnston CDV, 2.5" x 4". One of the most senior Confederate generals during the Civil War, Johnston (1807-1891), who often clashed with Jefferson Davis, has also been criticized as being one of the least effective. Very good with some wear, foxing, and soiling.

CSA Cavalry General Fitzhugh Lee CDV, 2.5" x 4". This CDV features a striking image of the nephew of General Robert E. Lee who later served as Governor of Virginia and a commander during the Spanish-American War. E. & H. T. Anthony, New York, from Mathew Brady negative. Very good with some wear and foxing.

CSA Cavalry General William Henry Fitzhugh Lee CDV, 2.5" x 4". This CDV features a striking image of the second son of General Robert E. Lee who later was elected to the Virginia Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives. E. & H. T. Anthony, New York. Very good with some wear, foxing, and soiling.

General James Longstreet Carte de Visite. 2.5" x 4", Sanderson, New Orleans backmark, faded, otherwise very good. Though a previous owner, probably contemporary to the image, thought the CDV was of John Wilkins Whitfield and wrote as much at the bottom of the image and on the verso, this is in fact the "Old War Horse", James Longstreet.

General Kirby Smith and Major General "Rooney" Lee Cartes de Visite, both having E. & H.T. Anthony, New York backmarks. Very good condition. Edmund Kirby Smith (1824 - 1893) graduated from the U. S. Military Academy in 1845 in time for service in the Mexican War. Becoming a full Confederate general during the Civil War, Smith is best remembered for effectively ending the war by surrendering the armies of the Trans-Mississippi Department on May, 26, 1865. William H. Fitzhugh "Rooney" Lee was a capable cavalry commander under his father, Robert E. Lee.

Confederate Major General Earl Van Dorn Carte de Visite, blank back with inscribed identification, Confederate manufacture. Clipped upper corners as made, lower edge somewhat crimped. Overall light toning, very good condition. Mississippian Earl Van Dorn (1820 - 1863) graduated from the U. S. Military Academy in 1842, serving in both Mexico and, later, against Comanches. An able cavalry general in the Western Theater, Van Dorn was killed by a jealous husband rather than a uniformed foe.

Unidentified CSA General CDV, 2.5" x 4". Vannerson & Jones, Richmond, Virginia. A two-cent stamp is affixed to verso. Near fine with minor wear and foxing.

CSA General John Bell Hood CDV, 2.5" x 4". E. & H. T. Anthony, New York. Very good with adhesive residue on verso, some wear, foxing, and soiling.

Confederate Admiral Raphael Semmes Carte de Visite, J. Gurney & Son, New York backmark. The subject is shown in civilian clothing against a nautical backdrop and rests his left arm on a first national Confederate flag. Clipped upper corners as made, a few small stains, penciled identification on verso. Raphael Semmes (1809 - 1877) achieved fame as captain of the highly effective commerce raider CSS Alabama.

Lot of Three CDVs of Confederate Generals, including: (1) Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson. Very good with some wear, soiling, and minor paper loss on right edge. (2) James Longstreet. Very good with trimmed corners, minor wear and soiling. (3) Evander M. Law. Very good with some foxing and soiling. All are E. & H. T. Anthony, NY, from Mathew Brady negatives.

Cartes De Visite of Generals A.P. Hill, J.E.B. Stuart, and J.B. Hood, circa 1863. Bust portraits of three noted Confederate generals are included in this lot, all three having been photographed by New York photographers E. & H.T. Anthony. Both Stuart and Hood are posed wearing military jackets; Hill appears to be wearing civilian clothes. Images measure approximately 2.25" x 3.25" and are affixed to slightly larger mounts with the photographer's imprint on verso.

Condition: Minor age toning to Stuart and Hill images, slightly deeper age toning of the Hood photo. Overall very good to fine condition.

Four Cartes de Visite of Notable Confederates, as follows: General Braxton Bragg in civilian dress, no backmark. Clipped upper corners as made, very good condition; Lieutenant General William Hardee in Federal uniform, no backmark, penciled identification on verso. A few minor edge chips. Good condition; General Joseph E. Johnston, no backmark, likely Confederate manufacture, in uniform and tinted. Upper corners clipped as made, light soiling. Good condition; Mary Custis Lee, M. Miley, Lexington, Virginia backmark, early postwar period, identified by inscription on verso. Clipped corners as made, a few light stains. Very good condition.

Two Cartes de Visite Pertaining to Confederate Col. Charles S. Mitchell, 8th Missouri Infantry, as follows: Colonel Mitchell in full regulation uniform, no backmark. Small stains throughout, but a remarkably clear image of a rare subject. Good condition. The second CDV shows a Southern lady and carries a McCabe's Gallery, Little Rock, Arkansas backmark. The verso is also inscribed, "Compliments of / Mrs. Rector./ For Col' C. S. Mitchel (sic)". Good condition. Confederate images from the Trans-Mississippi Department are quite desirable.

Nail Brothers of North Carolina: Photographs, ca. 1860s. First image: sixth plate tintype. (consigners notes) Private Thomas Nail , Confederate States of America, North Carolina 42nd Regiment Company "F" Davie County (Mocksville Estate). Man standing in studio with hand gun and Billy club, has gilded buttons on coat. Second image: a ruby ambro. (Consigners note) Private Phillip Nail, Confederate States of America, North Carolina Volunteers 42nd Regiment Company "F' Davie County (Mocksville). Very young Confederate soldier sitting in studio with kepi and the letters "F N C V 3" attached & a shell jacket. He also has pink tinted cheeks, and gilded buttons.

Condition: Good-fine, ambro type is in fine, tintype is good, has minor problems.

Kentucky Military Institute Cadets Carte de Visite, no backmark, ca. 1860s. Two youthful officers and a sergeant are seated at a table outdoors. The consignor's notes give this image a Kentucky provenance. Ink stain and small area of deterioration along left edge, overall browning. Very good condition.

Hand-Tinted Ambrotype of a Confederate Private. Unidentified young private poses for a photographer in his Confederate uniform. Both his cheeks and the buttons on his coat have been carefully hand tinted. By the late 1850s, the ambrotype was overtaking the daguerreotype in popularity; by the mid-1860s, the ambrotype itself was supplanted by the tintype and other photographic processes. Image measures approximately 2.5" x 2.5" and is housed in a typical thermoplastic folding case of the time, however this case is missing the cover. Gilt pressed-tin matte. Image is a bit dark and bears several faint scratches. Generally very good.

Cased Ninth Plate Ambrotype of Confederate Soldier. This volunteer wears an early Richmond Depot jacket with shoulder straps. Per usual, the buttons are painted over with gold. Excellent tonal contrasts and surfaces. Case missing lid.

Sixth Plate Ambrotype: Confederate Cadet, Charlotte, North Carolina, ca. 1860s in half case of very young cadet starring intently at unknown photographer. Young man sitting in fancy carved chair with his cadet hat on with gilded letters "CMI" (Charlotte Military Institute). His jacket & shirt have many gilded buttons, gilded watch fob and pink tinted cheeks. Measures approximately 3.25" x 3.75".

Condition: Very good, case is poor-good.

Lot of Four Items: Confederate 2nd Lt. Rufus Crocker, 13th Regiment This photograph is identified on verso "Lt. Rufus Marion Crocker, age 26 years". Sitting in studio with pistol stuck in belt & cradling sword. There are also two typed letters about Lt. Crocker's conduct, courage, and sacrifices he made as a Civil War soldier. And last a later family photograph of the Crocker family with Rufus at bottom right. Historical little group. Photograph of Rufus measures approximately 4.75" x 7".

Condition: Poor-good, both photographs have foxing, broken corners, etc.

Carte de Visite of Confederate Soldier Lt. Sydham Bridges, 47th N. C. Regiment, ca. 1860s. Photograph of Confederate lieutenant, sitting in E. F. Small studio in Wilson, North Carolina with a gabled house back drop. His cheeks are tinted pink in an oval type image. Measures approximately 2.50" x 4.25".

Condition: Very good, slight light contrast.

Heavily Guarded Confederate Prisoner Carte de Visite, no backmark, identified by verso inscription reading, "Lt. Asa W. Bartlett Comd'g Detachment / at Cobb's Hill Tower, Pt. of Rocks, Va / 1864". Ten Union soldiers pose at the base of a large wooden tower with a seemingly docile rebel in a gray shell jacket. The officer, second from left, wearing the hat would be Bartlett, who served with the 12th New Hampshire Infantry. Very good condition.

Confederate Third National Flag and United Daughters of the Confederacy Certificate Belonging to Kennie May Ward Mayes, Daughter of William Ward of the 41st Georgia Infantry. The machine-sewn flag has minor mothing, but shows considerable soiling. It measures 38" x 23". The certificate measures 14" x 11.25", with minor chipping at the edges. Included are photocopies of research on Ward and the 41st Georgia Infantry.

Third National Flag was adopted because the Stainless Banner, with a white fly, could be mistaken for a flag of truce. The flag was modified to include a red bar on the fly, 1/4 of the area of the flag beyond the now rectangular canton. The law authorizing the Third National Flag was signed into law on March 4, 1865. CS Navy vessels of the Richmond Squadron flew the Third National before its official adoption and there is little doubt that some government buildings did as well. Few flags of this version were issued and few survived.

Confederate Albumen of the "Lost Cause". Embossed on the lower margin by Richmond's Lee Gallery, this handcolored albumen, has an ode to the "Lost Cause" within a border of Confederate currency. The Confederate flag surrounded by a shield anchors the composition. In the corners are vignettes of the palmetto, the seal of Confederate Virginia, a fort and the the Virginia. A light smudge in the lower corner of the mat, otherwise, very good condition. Size 14" x 12.5" in period frame.

Robert E. Lee: Albumen of Lee's Farewell Address Embossed by the Lee Gallery of Richmond in the lower front margin, the "Farewell Address", carries the text of Robert E. Lee's famous General Orders No. 9 beneath a vignette of his bust flanked by fourhand-colored Confederate Second National flags. Presented in this period frame, the image is excellent. Size as framed 12" x 14".

Ulysses S. Grant: Civil War Military Button with 1897 Note of Authentication from Grant's Son Frederick. The note is written to a Mr. Rhinelander (the Rhinelander's were one of the wealthiest and most prominent families in New York City). Frederick Grant writes: "Allow me to present to you, for your collection, this button, which I have taken from a uniform worn by my father, General U.S. Grant, during our Civil War. Frederick D. Grant, New York, 5/15/97".

This is a general service button, not one that would have been used on a general's formal uniform. However, Grant was notoriously informal in the field and may well simply have worn a more modest coat at times. It could also have come from an officer's cloak, which Grant may well have used. Nicely custom-framed.

[John J. Dix] Recommendation Letter Secretarially Signed "John J. 'RIP' Ford", 1864. Captain John James Dix, Jr. served bravely and well with Colonel Ford as Texas Rangers, as he did again during the Civil War, protecting the Brownsville, Texas area against Union forces. In April 1864, Ford recommended Dix for an officer's commission, which he was awarded. We offer a secretarially written and signed recommendation made by Ford to Captain L.G. Aldrich, Assistant Adjutant-General in Brownsville, notifying him that Dix has carried out his duties in exemplary fashion.

One page, two-sided on lined blue paper, 8" x 12.25", Fort Brownsville, Texas, November 1864. Ford speaks glowingly of Dix in this lengthy letter, noting that shortly after the war began he raised a cavalry company, served on the frontier with a commission from the state government until the expiration of his term of enlistment and more: " ... being active in assisting to defend the country west of the Nueces after its abandonment about one year ago, and of the frontier State organization was the only man who volunteered with this command upon its organization for this field of action, and being especially fitted by his intelligence, energy, and industry has been employed since then and until his recent assignment, to an agent of the Comisry [commissary] and Qr Mr Depts [quartermaster departments]."

Dix duties entailed requisitioning military supplies and equipment, as well as sufficient rations to support a force of about 1500 men and hundreds of horses, oxen, and pack animals.

Condition: Faintly age toned throughout; very fine.

Bushwacker and Confederate Guerilla Sam Hildebrand 1865 Grand Jury Indictment. One page, 8" x 11.75", autograph document, St. Francois County, Missouri, November 1865, with the usual endorsements on the verso, with small splits in the fold creases, else very good.

Sam Hildebrand was a notorious Confederate guerilla during the Civil War who carried on his ruthless assaults long after the war ended. This indictment alleges that Hildebrand and an accomplice called William Pig assaulted a St. Francois County man and caused "bodily fear and damage of his person and...feloniously took a horse from his possession and free will". The document is bright but the cursive handwriting of the period makes the document somewhat difficult to read. Still, a rare document concerning this audacious bushwacker.

Autograph Letter Signed by 2nd Lt. William L. Gerrish, 19th Regiment, Maine Volunteer Infantry, Discussing a Deserter's Execution. Four pages, two sided, 8vo, "Near Petersburg VA, Jan. 10th, 1865." Six days after receiving his commission as 2nd Lieutenant, Gerrish wrote this news-filled letter to his brother Charles, discussing the movements of his regiment and those he has met along the way. He notes that "...my friend Bennett brought in an old Scotchman of his company who proved himself an amusing specimen of the inferior order of bards, by telling us at least one new anecdote of the poet Burns...the delivery was laughable." Other news was not so humorous. Gerrish also describes the execution of a deserter. In part: "..the culprit was driven sitting on his coffin surrounded by his guard and executioners...an ordinary looking man and hardly appeared like a person on the eve of quitting the world...the word was given he received the fire as he sat on his coffin and fell backward, heels remaining in the air... The thing was over. It did not make so lasting an impression as I had imagined it would be... This might be termed uncivil..." He ends his letter with an admonishment: "Don't come if you can help it, and I don't want you with me anyway, to be plain. I should be anxious all the time..." According to the accompanying obituary printed in a Portland Oregon newspaper, less than a month after writing this letter, Gerrish would die from "congestion of the brain," at the Battle of Hatcher's Run (February 5-7, 1865). Occasional light age toning; fine condition.

Union Army Private Hiram Teed Letters. Group of six letters (two partial), totaling 18 pages, written by Pvt. Hiram P. Teed, Co. "A", 144th New York Volunteers, dated March 14 through April 14, 1863. In part, "... [Camp near Cloud's Mills Va. March 28, 1863] ... O! I could tell you of lots of love & practice some too ... Many of the officers in our army will have a big pile of sins to answer for both of sins of omission & commission from thoughtless, needless, exposure of the health & lives of their men. Our Regt is suffering the worst from sickness ... several have died this week ... I want to see you & love you so bad or good. I should say sometimes I do like to think of you & the deep dear affectionate love that awaits me when I return to your loving arms & fervent caress & lovely embraces. If I am wicked in writing of love so much tell me ... [Camp at Vienna, March 30, 1863]... the ambulances hurried the rest of the sick by dozens to Fairfax... there is a RR & wood here & a quantity of Gov. Stores for teamster supply that I suppose the Rebs would like... one co. was detailed for picket duty and alarm about midnight brought out the rest of the Regt. to stand under arms... [Camp at Cloud's Mills, Va. April 14, 1863] ... you may come & see me & we will do our best towards making a B-y & then we will have a mutual agreement & mere binding instrument to cement our love... [no date]... I am alone now & if you were [here] we might have a cozy time..." Private Hiram P. Teed was mustered into "A" Company New York 144th Infantry on September 27, 1862. The Regiment assisted in the defense of Suffolk, Richmond and Charleston before being disbanded on June 15, 1865. Pvt. Teed's passionate, imaginative letters to his wife express the longing of young soldiers on both sides of the war for familiar comforts and future dreams with wives and sweethearts back home. In the face of battle those images and memories would lift their spirits, as Pvt. Teed has expressed here. Also a letter from his wife, in part, "...[Almond, March 23, 1863] ... How many sleepless nights your absence will cost your wife ... I believe Libbie almost worships you & she must feel this separation terribly. Oh! If George goes, half of my existence will go with him, & what weary, weary, days & still more dreary nights will settle upon me for years. Yet, this & more, thousands of my country women are suffering & have suffered since the commencement of this accursed Rebellion." Overall condition is very good, with light soiling and usual mail folds.

E. A. Duyckinck, History of the War for the Union, (3 Volume Set), (New York: Johnson, Fry and Company, 1861). Illustrated with fine engravings by Alonzo Chappel. Quarto, ii, 620, ii, 660, ii, 642 pages. The three-volume set has half leather binding and blind stamping on the front board. The binding on all three volumes have bumping at the corners and wear along the edges. The book contents are complete, clean, and tight.

Flag Presentation to the 81st New York Volunteers. Four pages, two sided, 7.75" x 9.75" on lined, cream-colored paper, Northwest Landing Bridge, Virginia, December 3, 1863. Interesting handwritten report of the presentation of a new flag to the 81st New York Volunteers. Written by the company Chaplain I.G. Duryce while in camp at Northwest Landing Bridge, Virginia, the report tells the story of Captain Ballard of Company J, who, while on a visit north, received a gift of $100 from a Mrs. Ingersoll to purchase a new flag for the company. The four-page report, tied together with a pink ribbon at upper center, contains the transcript of Captain Ballard's comments.

Condition: Light age toning overall. Very fine.

Document Concerning a Private in the 1st California Volunteer Infantry Regiment. One page, 8" x 12.5", partially printed and completed in holograph, Fort Union, New Mexico, January 23, 1865, with a single horizontal fold, else fine.

A superb document concerning Private William Elder, attached to Captain Nicholas S. Davis' Company (K) of the 1st California Volunteer Infantry Regiment which appoints George S. Evans, California's Adjutant General, to act in his name to collect any money due to him as a result of the California "Act for the Relief of Enlisted Men of the California Volunteers". The document was signed at Fort Union in Moro County New Mexico and bears a Moro County notary seal and three Internal Revenue hand-canceled stamps. Of particular note is that the Ft. Union's commander who countersigned the document, Colonel Henry R. Selden, died of disease a week later on February 2, 1865.

The 1st California Volunteer Infantry came under command of the Department of the Pacific, later Department of New Mexico and was primarily engaged in garrison duty in New Mexico and Texas. Only one company (I), saw action against Confederate forces at the Battle of Picacho Pass.

Post War Papers of General John C.Tidball. A fine and substantial collection of papers retained by John C. Tidball, an artillery officer who was brevetted brigadier and major general for gallant and distinguished services in the battle of Spotsylvania Court House, and Forts Steadman and Sedgwick, Virginia. A member of the West Point class of 1848, Tidball remained in the army serving in San Francisco as well as Fortress Monroe, Virginia.

The collection, consisting of letters and lengthy manuscripts, mostly in his hand include approximately 200-300 pages. Of particular interest are two monographs, one entitled "Moravians in America" and the other "Evolution of the Most Ancient Protestant Church From a Secular Standpoint" (1892). Though Tidball had published numerous military manuals in the 1870s and 1880s, both of the present manuscripts apparently went unpublished. Also included are a large number of pages of manuscript which appears to be parts of a military treatise citing examples from the American Revolution and the Civil War. Offered together with several pieces of correspondence including a seven page ALS, South Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, February 28, 1889 to General John C. Breckenridge offering suggestions in reorganizing the practice of recruitment for the army. Pages bear light to moderate marginal chipping, else very good condition overall. A fine collection of material worthy of further research.

Michael Gnatek, Jr (American 1934-2006)
General Nathan Bedford Forrest, 1991
Print
Michael Gnatek, Jr., known for his portraiture work of Western and military subjects, created a lifelike image of Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest as produced here in this 1991 print. Standing with his horse at the ready, Forrest is depicted in his full dress regalia with sword, belt, sash and turned up cavalier's hat. In the background flies the Confederate battle flag before the mountains of the mid-south where he fought.

Gnatek studied art at Yale University and was a combat artist in the United States Marine Corps. He completed commissions of General George S. Patton for the general's family as well as four murals for the National Air and Space Museum.

French Model 1822 Musket Converted to Percussion. Manufactured circa 1839. 40½" round barrel in .69 caliber. Conversion alteration is the Belgian style. Configuration as standard for this model. Functioning action. Left side of stock stamped "2814". Right side stamped "TULLE" in two places. Crown over "V" cartouche in an oval in stock, etc. Lock marked "Mre Rie de Calle". All metal parts finished bright.

Condition: Metal surfaces pretty much go from light to dark gray. Wood is sound with normal handling dents and abrasions.

Choice Condition Civil War M1840 Light Artillery Saber by Ames, Overall Near Mint. Blade bright and clean retaining much of the original mint luster. US/ W/ 1864 on the obverse ricasso with vestiges of the lightly stamped Ames logo on the reverse, original leather washer. Brass hilt, leather, grip and wire all about perfect, just some minor flaking on the leather. Hilt also untouched with nice dark patina. Scabbard also about mint, again completely untouched.. Few finer.

Exquisite Inscribed Tiffany & Co. New York Iron Hilt Non-regulation Officer's Sword. Unusual example with the length of of a mounted officer's sword but the blade configuration of a foot officer's sword. Magnificent 34" blade about mint. The obverse bears an etched panel at the mid-point which is inscribed in old English letters "J. F. Austin" (possibly James F. Austin, 192d new York Infantry) with a 6" panel on a frosted background displaying a spread wing eagle surrounded by rays with "Tiffany & Co./ New York" in a riband just above the ricasso. The reverse bears a similar panel with "US" surrounded by floral and scroll work with "Warranted / to cut/ wrought iron" in a riband just above the ricasso, and "P. D. L." in a cartouche on the ricasso. Retains the original buff leather washer. All iron hilt with multi branch guard and engraved line decoration, including scroll work at the quillon. Pommel with backstrap that extends to a ferrule at the base of the grip. Fishskin grip with triple brass wire wrap, perfect. Hilt overall near mint, just some minor bubbling of the plating. Iron scabbard with tapered throat, excellent with smooth dark patina and traces of the original plating. Absolutely no rust, dents or pitting. A most attractive Civil War sword from one of the period's most desirable maker's and certainly deserving of further research.

Anomalous US M1840-60 Cavalry Saber. The blade and scabbard are pure M1840 while the hilt is M1860 with grip shaped to fits the hand etc., and appears to have been in this configuration since the period of use. Ames Cabotville marks, dated 1850, with A. D. K. inspector. Fine condition with scabbard smooth and dark, blade smooth and clean and perfect hilt. Interesting and unusual example of this Civil War period saber.

Civil War Model Spencer Carbine, #27205, circa Civil War. 22" barrel in .52 caliber rimfire (.56-56). Configuration as standard for this model. The action is functioning.

Condition: Light to heavy pitting overall creates a medium gray-to-dark coloration on all metal surfaces. All factory stampings have been obscured by the pitting. The wood has been lightly cleaned, but is sound. The magazine tube is missing its internal mechanism.

Pommel Saddle Bags with Provision for Percussion Revolver. These Civil War or earlier vintage bags are heavily tooled and quite rare. A holster affixed under the flap of one of the bags fits an 1851 Navy Colt revolver perfectly. The holster is unquestionably authentic to these pommel bags and not an add-on. Under the flap on the opposite side of the bags is a large pocket suitable for maps, documents or the like.

Condition. Black leather bags are supple but a bit dry. There are losses on some of the straps originally intended to affix the bags to the saddle footman loops. A good "Black Rock" leather treatment and some good restoration on a few of the straps would turn these vintage pommel bags into a prize indeed.

Outstanding Untouched Condition Confederate Cavalry Saber and Scabbard Manufactured by the Confederate States Armory, Kenansville, N. C. These Froelich/Kenansville EM cavalry sabers are certainly as quintessentially "Rebel" as any sword produced by the Confederacy, this being an exceptional example. The 34" slightly curved blade utilizes a single wide unstopped fuller that extends to within 6" of the tip. Overall smooth and gray, untouched, just a few nicks and some diagonal file marks on both sides of the ricasso that appear to be the result of poor finishing. Absolutely no rust or pitting. The classic brass hilt with the underside of the guard recessed and unfinished and flat cap pommel, is in wonderful untouched condition with deep rich patina, just a few minor nicks from honest use. Wood grip retains about 70% of the original leather and 100% the single strand brass wire wrap. Heavy iron scabbard with prominent backside lap seam, smooth deep dark patina, retaining much of what appears to be an original acid brown finish. Scabbard with some scattered dents which also appear to be the result of honest use, again, no rust or pitting. Brass ring mounts with iron rings, iron drag and brass throat which is marked on the top with Roman numeral "XXXXIII". The throat is friction fitted with an internal spring. The mounts are also in perfect untouched condition. A really exceptional Confederate cavalry saber, by a very desirable maker in superb attic condition.

"Chickamauga 1861-1865" Painted Silk Banner. The blue silk banner is painted with yellow letters highlighted with white. It measures 27" x 17" (including the fringe). The fringe is machine sewn. The silk is splitting due to age, else, very good.

Colonel Horace Floyd, 3rd Vermont Infantry, CDV. 2.5" x 4", H. Cushing, Windsor, Vermont printed photographer's backmark, .02 cent Washington portrait Internal Revenue stamp on verso, small abrasion to top layer of paper on the left verso corner, else a fine, clear image. A spectacular pair of mutton chops!

Major George Bonett, 3rd Vermont Infantry, CDV. 2.5" x 4", T. C. Haynes, St. Johnsbury, Vt. printed backmark, upper left corner slightly bent, else a nice image in very good condition. Bonett officer looks confidently and directly into the camera, a "3" above the 6th Corp badge worn on his chest.

Major Erastus G. Ballou, Vermont 2nd Volunteer Infantry CDV. 2.5" x 4", Addis Gallery, Washington, D.C. printed photographer's backmark, inscribed "Respectfully E. G. Ballou Maj. 2nd Vt. Vols." in ink on verso, .03 cent Washington portrait Internal Revenue stamp on verso, slightly toned with age, else a near fine image. Ballou enlisted as a sergeant May 7, 1861, was wounded in four separate engagements, and ended the war with the rank of major.

Quarter Plate Tintype of Armed Union Captain and Soldier, behind glass in brass mat without case. An infantry officer, wearing a captain's shoulder straps, is seated with a holstered revolver and a Model 1850 field and staff sword. Standing by him is a young man, likely his son, who wears army trousers and battle shirt. The image is lightly tinted with some gold paint accenting the captain's uniform. Excellent surfaces, very fine condition.

Tintype Ninth Plate of Soldier with Pistol in Belt Leaning on Saber, 2.25" x 3", framed to 3" x 3.75". The gilded frame is housed in a leather case (the lid of which is now missing). The tintype is very good with some scratches and a vertical ripple in center of image; the case is near fine with some wear.

Cased Sixth Plate Tintype From Life and Post Mortem Daguerreotype of Identified Rhode Island Officer. A most unusual pairing of images in both subject and media. The tintype depicts 1st Lieutenant Frederick Metcalf, Company "B", 3rd Rhode Island Heavy Artillery. He wears a regulation frock coat, Model 1851 sword belt, and a kepi adorned with a "3" above crossed cannon. The image is expertly tinted with gold and artillery red. The accompanying daguerreotype shows the upper portion of a young man's corpse dressed in white and resting on a pillow. Purportedly, this image is of Metcalf as well. A period newspaper obituary is included with the photographs and states. "In Beaufort, S.C., at the Officer's Hospital, 27th ultimo, of typhoid fever, 1st Lieut. Frederick Metcalf, Co. B, 3rd R.I. Artillery, only son of Edwin Metcalf, of this city, in the 17th year of his age." The year was 1864. There is a striking resemblance between the subjects in the photographs, however the identity of the post mortem image must be questioned. The daguerreotype process had become obsolete by the late 1850s and its use here, although not impossible, would have been somewhat of an anachronism. The tintype has tiny emulsion cracks throughout, yet appears quite stable. The daguerreotype exhibits light spotting and a few spider web scratches. Case worn with loose hinge.

Quarter Plate Cased Armed Union Soldier with Flag Flying, Beautifully Tinted, ca 1860s. Great tintype of Union soldier holding a percussion rifle with bayonet attached, ammo case with gilded eagle plate, belt with gilded buckle, and a great kepi. Photographed in studio with very nice painted bivouac scene and a tinted American flag flying in background. Measures approximately 3.25" x 4.25".

Condition: Tintype as chipped ding upper left next to his head, case separated.

Two Scenic Cartes de Visite - Lookout Mountain and Lulah Lake, circa 1865-70. On November 23, 1863 the Battle Above the Clouds was fought on the slopes of Lookout Mountain, an important site in the larger Battle of Chattanooga. Due to Lookout Mountain's unique shape and location, an unusual weather phenomenon is often observed there - after dawn, fog will descend from the cooler mountain top toward the valley below and stop about halfway down. This interesting natural occurrence took place the day of the battle and is the reason for its romantic name. Lot includes two outstanding CDV images, each measuring approximately 4 x 2.5", depicting Umbrella Rock with the Tennessee River in the background, and a waterfall at Lulah Lake. Two corners of the Lulah Lake image have been trimmed, but neither shows heavy wear or soiling. Images are crisp and clear. Fine condition.

Rare Image of African-American Family on Porch, Boudoir Card, Ca. 1890. This family could be sharecroppers or farmers, as all of the men are absent in the photograph. This very rich image of the American South features a gentle tone and very good contrast; the faces of the children are very expressive. The card is reverse studio marked, "Harvey - Jacksonville, Fla." and the negative is front marked, "Folks at Home". This is an excellent example of Southern portrait photography with very rare subject matter.

Union Brevet Major General Robert McAllister Carte de Visite, no backmark, pencil inscription on verso identifying the subject. A standard portrait, however the general's facial features and hair have been touched up by hand. Fine condition. Robert McAllister (1813 - 1891) enlisted as a Lt. Colonel in the 1st New Jersey Infantry on May 21, 1861. The following year he was made colonel of the 11th New Jersey, being wounded in that command at Gettysburg.

CDV Photograph Union General Brigade Horatio G. Wright - 2.5" x 4", Brigadier General Horatio G. Wright, 6th Corps Commander. John Goldin & Company, Washington, D. C. printed photographer's backmark, in fine condition.

Confederate President Jefferson Davis CDV. 2.5" x 4", no photographer's backmark, printed "Jeff Davis" on verso, slightly toned and faded, else a nice image in near fine condition. This image pictures a younger Davis and probably dates from the pre-Civil War period.

Three Sets of Six Confederate Notes: $5, $10, $20, $50, $100 & $500. Each set of six Confederate notes. $5 C G Memminger 1864, $10 R.M.T. Hunter 1864, $20 Alexander H. Stephens 1864, $50 Jeff Davis, $100 John C. Calhoun 1862, and $500 General Stonewall Jackson 1864.

Condition: Over all lots are Excellent condition.

Unused Confederate $1000 Cotton Bond Captured in Richmond, 14" x 17" including 20 interest coupons, Richmond, Virginia, June 1, 1863, features portrait of James A. Seddon, Confederate Secretary of War until January, 1865. Inscribed in upper margin, "From Provost Marshals Office / Customs House / Richmond...To R. Hassler / Major 13th N. J. Artilley (sp)." Large damp stain, fortunately light, covers right half of document. Good condition.

J.E.B. Stuart Autograph Letter Signed - Requests A Promotion To Cavalry Captain. "J.E.B Stuart 1st Lt. 1st. Cav.". 1¼ pages, lined 7.5" x 9.75" paper, Fort Riley K [Kansas] T[territory], January 10, 1858, to Virginia Senator Cool. B. Rush Floyd. Stuart writes, in full: "My Dear Col- I have just returned from a 20 days absence- escorting the Santa Fe mail to the crossing of the Arkansas River 250 miles distant over a bleak and almost treeless prairie. I find from the Presidents message and the Hon. Sec. of War's [Floyd's brother, John B. Floyd] report that Congress will be very likely to increase the Army this winter. I have never had the pleasure of your brother's acquaintance although I have frequently seen him, I do not therefore feel at liberty to address a letter to him on so delicate a subject as my own promotion, but having known you well from my earliest youth I venture to ask the favor of you to obtain from me at the hands of your brother from the President a Captaincy in one of the new Regiments Mounted in preference to Infantry. I am now a 1st Lieutenant (since Dec. 55) and a Captaincy would be the next step. It would not be in good taste for one to dilate upon my own qualifications, prowess, etc. but I feel assured that there is enough on Record in the War Dept to show that I have not been idle since my career began."

"Any effort you may, from your acquaintance with me, feel authorized to make in my behalf will I assure you be most gratefully appreciated by my friends in Va, and more especially by your most Sincerely & Respectfully..." Apparently this letter had not the desired effect as Stuart was not promoted to Captain until April 22, 1861, just a few days before he resigned from the U.S. Army in order to join the Confederate Army where he was commissioned a lieutenant colonel of cavalry on May 24, 1861. The rest, as they say, is history.

Condition: This letter has some light toning along the borders with a tiny line of mounting tape along the top border and two faint mounting traces on the verso at the bottom. Otherwise in fine condition with bold, clear, and legible handwriting.

J.E.B. Stuart 1863 War Content Autograph Letter to Fitzhugh Lee on How to Attack "Kil" Kilpatrick with original envelope of transmittal. Two pages (front and back), 5" x 8" lined paper, Culpeper [Virginia], September 4, 1863, to "Brig Genl Fitz Lee". An important letter marked "(Confidential)" at the top, in full: "General, I wish to concert with you some measures for attacking alternately, Kilpatrick and Gregg with my whole force, and desire your views as well as an account of the force you would be able to bring to such an enterprise. Kilpatrick is probably at Hartwood- no Infy below Ellis'. Gregg is camped chiefly between Jeffersonton and the Spring with his Hd Qrs at the Fellow House (Hoffman's) No Infy this side of the Springs. I have found out a private ford not picketed which would enable us to effect a surprise of Gregg, and by crossing near Richard I could move on Kilpatrick, unmasking U.S. Ford for you to cross let me know your views & by doubling on these Divisions I hope we can finish them. We must do more of that sort of thing than we have heretofore done. Don't discuss the matter however with others. When you write address me confidentially. I hear you are a Major Genl I trust it is so, you deserve the honor & your country needs your promotion. You will probably have Chambliss, Wickham & Lomax as Brigadiers and you will be fortunate in having all pulling smoothly and together. Which has not been my luck. I have never had a team without at least one nag addicted to the 'Studs'.". The dark yellow envelope is addressed in Stuart's holograph and notated "Important and Confidential".

Stuart singled out Fitzhugh Lee for praise regarding his actions at Gettysburg, saying the Lee "was one of the finest cavalry leaders on the continent, and richly [entitled] to promotion." The promotion mentioned in this letter actually had taken place on August 3, 1863. J.E.B. Stuart was certainly well acquainted with Brigadier General David McMurtrie Gregg and Colonel Hugh Judson Kilpatrick from the Gettysburg Campaign just ended. This letter offers an insight into the thinking of this legendary cavalry officer including his apparent dissatisfaction with some of his officers. The letter is in fine condition with folds and one third of the attached integral leaf has been removed. This is obviously the portion where Stuart signed it and it seems possible that a collector removed the signature at some point in the past.

Condition: Fortunately, this excellent letter has survived to the present day. The envelope is in good condition with some tears where it was originally opened affecting only the "B" in Brig.

Fitzhugh Lee Telegram to J.E.B. Stuart plus Envelope In Stuart's Hand. Two telegram forms imprinted by The Southern Telegraph Companies, 8" x 4.25", Guinea Station, Virginia, May 4, 1864, addressed to "Gen Stuart", received at Orange Court House, Virginia. Together, they read as follows: "enemy crossed at Germanna also this morning a portion of their cavalry after coming as far a Spottsylvania C.H. I shall stay at Massaponnax church tonight where I am in position to leave in any direction I am in communication with the telegraph operator at Guinea's Fitz Lee Maj Genl.". Written during U. S.Grant's Overland Campaign, this telegram reported Yankee movements the day before the Wilderness commenced.

Envelope, 8.5" x 4", ca. 1862, penned by J. E. B. Stuart, it reads as follows: "Hd Qrs Cavalry Division. Official Brigadier General FitzHugh Lee (Late) Col 1st Va Cavalry." Soiling, rough edges, fair condition. This envelope was likely used by Fitz Lee in later years for storing the above telegram. That Lee was promoted to brigadier general in July, 1862 helps date this envelope to having been inscribed shortly thereafter.

Condition: Good, with light toning, complete splits along one fold, and a smaller split on the first page.

Autograph Note Initialed by Grover Cleveland to Fitzhugh Lee. One page, 8vo, n.p., n.d. Written during Cleveland's 1884 bid for the presidency, this brief note written in pencil inquires if the $1000 sent to Lee for the Virginia state campaign had been received. In full: "My dear Sir, Please let me know if you get it's [sic] safely. G.C." Accompanied by the transmittal envelope, directed to Lee at "The Sheraton, Washington." For Lee's continued dedication and support, President Cleveland would appoint Lee consul general in Havana in 1896. Letter and envelope show light to moderate soiling. Very good condition.

Autograph Letter Signed by Captain Hugh Brown Regarding Confederate Troop Movements. One page, 4to, on printed "Head Quarters, U.S. Forces, Texas" letterhead, "Matagorda Peninsula, January 23, 1864. Writing to Colonel Albert Rust, Brown notes that "An order to the 16th Ohio Battery to move at daylight sent through your Head Q's about 9 o'clock P.M Yesterday was not received by the commanding officer of the Battery til late this morning." Docketed on verso. Occasional light age toning. Three staple marks along top edge and a few creases along left and right edges. Very good.

Confederate "Certificate of Disability for Discharge", one page with verso docketing, 8" x 11", New Osterville, Tennessee, June 25, 1863. First Sergeant L. S. Ferrell, Co. "K", 4th Tennessee Cavalry is here declared unfit for duty on account of "nephritis and spinal irritation" by the regimental surgeon, W. T. Delany. Printed on coarse brown Confederate paper, this document has smoothed folds and only one small area of marginal loss. Overall very good condition.

Virginia Confederate Provost Marshal Appointment, manuscript document, one page, 8" x 11.75", "H. Q. Wharton's Brigade, Camp Narrows", Virginia, May 4, 1864. Signed by an aide on behalf of Wharton, these General Orders name a Lt. Selby, 30th Battalion Virginia Sharpshooters, as "Acting Commandant and provost marshal at the Post at the narrows of New River." The orders further state that ,"All passes to go outside of the pickets must be approved by the Provost Marshal." Overall moderate browning, a few stains, one small area of loss on upper fold. Good condition.

Interesting Content Autograph Letter Signed by Corporal Warrick Hockaday to His Wife, August 9, 1863, Camp 1st N.C. Troops Orange Cth (Court House) Va., 5" x 8.25", eight pages. Hockaday offers his wife advice on the maintenance of their home, livestock, and farm. He also writes at length about the conduct of the war, "...our generals ought to stop charging their [Union] breastworks or going into their country and just defend our own country the best we can and save the lives of our soldiers to defend our homes to the bitter end...". He was adamantly opposed to rejoining the Union, "...this idea of ever going back in the union is not worth talking about...we would never command respect again among the combination of states... but be a down trodden people and our children after us." Hockaday tells his wife how he longs to return home to visit. It was an unfulfilled wish. Corporal Hockaday was killed May 8, 1864 at Spotsylvania Courthouse. The letter has some tears along the folds and restoration else near fine.

Anonymous Confederate Soldier's Letter on Union Patriotic Stationery. Autograph Letter Signed "James", three pages, 4.5" x 7.5", "Camp near Orange C.H. (VA)", August 15, 1863, to his mother, location unknown. The letterhead is imprinted with an equestrian George Washington and a banner reading "Protect the Union". The author expresses hopes of being assigned to the staff of Josiah Gorgas, the Confederacy's ordnance chief in Richmond. Young James blatantly expresses his desire for a posting to "some pleasant place." Penciled in a fine, legible hand. Very good condition.

Late War 2nd New Jersey Cavalry Archive of Fourteen Documents, consisting of two 1865 hand-drawn maps of Natchez, Mississippi, 7.75" x 10" and 14.75" x 12"; seven official Autograph Letters Signed and manuscript Documents Signed (one arresting an officer for bad conduct); three imprinted Special Orders datelined Memphis and Natchez; a notarized Document Signed requesting extended leave for a wounded trooper. Overall nice toning, fine condition. A nice grouping not to be missed by anyone specializing in this regiment. The maps were actually used in the field and the larger one would be suitable for framing.

Autograph Document with Thirty-Nine Signatures, no date [June 1863], one page, 7.5" x 12". The signatures are prefaced by the statement "We the undersigned pledge ourselves to respond to the earnest call of the Governor for troops to defend our state now invaded by the traitor foe-under Capt. C. U. Hill of Hughesville Pa-" The signatures are in ink and pencil. Very good condition with original folds, some foxing and soiling, one small hole upper left, and minor chipping along left edge.

Manifest of Federally Seized Confederate Silverware, manuscript Document Signed, "P Handers" (?), one page with verso docketing, 8" x 20.25", New Orleans, Louisiana, July 5, 1864. Here is a duplicate list of numerous silver table items valued at $541 that were "Captured by the forces of the United States and claimed to be the property of Brig Genl Fusilier C.S.A." This haul was to be disposed of on behalf of the U.S. Treasury and is signed by the Department's "Supervising Special Agent". Expected light aging, fine condition. Research yields no information about a General "Fusilier". Mighty strange.

Memorial Pamphlet of "George Jones Bacon" Killed in Manassas, Virginia Battle 1861. A memorial of George Jones Bacon New York: Baker Godwin, printers, 1868. Cook, Frederick N. journal [New York]; 1861. Printed second page. "Killed in battle, at Manassas, Virginia, July 21st, 1861, George Jones Bacon, aged 19 years, second son of J. B. Bacon, of New York. He was a volunteer in Company C - color company - 71st Regiment, N.Y.S.M. He fell early in the action, by a musket-ball in the forehead. His comrades buried him on the field. New York papers of Sept. 10, 1861". This 40 page pamphlet has the Bacon family & war history. Manuscript obverse, To Samuel W. Mifflin, esq. with the respectful regards of J. B. Bacon. Mifflin was described as "a close and comprehensive thinker, and possessed of a highly organized mental and spiritual temperament." He also achieved a quiet fame in other areas removed from his profession. A warm friend of the oppressed, in the days before the Civil War he personally assisted many slaves from the South on their way northward to freedom; one of the stations on the famous "underground railroad" was on his farm in Wrightsville, Delaware County, Pennsylvania. Period ink bottom "Printed only for private circulation". Measures approximately 6" x 9.50".

Condition: Good, cover chipped, discoloration, soiled, string for binding broke

Artifact Grouping Associated With Identified Massachusetts Soldier. A japanned tin box with key, 9.5" wide x 4" high x 6.25" deep, contains a nice assortment of relics belonging to Sergeant Calvin W. Pool, Co. "F", 35th Massachusetts Infantry. Included are the following items:
-Nine eagle "I" coat buttons and four eagle "I" cuff buttons, D. Evans & Co. bm, eight of the buttons retain swatches of dark blue cloth. Loss to gilt, else fine condition.
-Infantry bugle hatpin of stamped brass. Remnants of two attachment wires, very fine condition.
-Brass stencil reading "C. W. Pool." Excellent condition.
-Lidded wooden inkwell, 2" high, very fine condition.
-Small tin fire starter, 1.5" high. Wear from use, very good condition.
-Five general service coat buttons, an eagle "I" buttons and seven cuff buttons on string attached to 6" x 8" light blue cloth swatch. With this is another large piece of blue cloth and a smaller, 2" x 4", piece of red cloth. A pencil note pinned to the swatches reads, "Pieces of coat and lining which C. W. Pool wore in civil War. Coat had cape." All in excellent condition.
-Two general service eagle buttons, eight GAR staff coat buttons and 19 GAR staff cuff buttons. Excellent condition.

Group of Four Side Loader 12-Pound Confederate Spherical Case Shot. The recovery sites are: Bermuda Hundred 1961, no fuse; Petersburg 1962; Bermuda Hundred 1960; and the Wilderness 1965.

Civil War Non-Regulation Staff and Field Officer's Sword. In his book The American Sword 1775-1945, Harold L. Peterson speculated that this beautiful example of a Staff and Field Officer's sword was German made, though no maker's marks are present to confirm his speculation. The slightly curved blade measures 30" (35.5" overall) by 1.25" at the hilt. The blade is single edged with a false edge extending back about 9" from the point. There are two fullers, a broad one in the center of the blade running from the ricasso to the beginning of the false edge and a narrow one at the back of the blade which is considerably shorter. The blade is etched on both sides with floral designs. The grips are wood covered in black fish skin and wrapped with twisted brass wire. There is a ferrule at the base of the grips, and they are surmounted by a backstrap ornamented with floral designs in relief which expands to form the Phrygian helmet pommel. The brass half-basket guard is pierced for a sword knot near the pommel and cut-out as it turns toward the blade to resemble many branches. In the center of the counter-guard formed by these branches is an American eagle and shield superimposed on panoply of flags and with a ribbon of stars above. There is also a small pierced counter-guard on the reverse side and the quillon terminates above the blade in a scroll. The grips are slightly worn and the blade has got some areas of darkening, and the guard is slightly loose otherwise this is a beautifully executed sword in very good condition.

Model 1850 Foot Officer's Sword. The basic design was based on a pattern used in the French Army. The sword was in use in the United States army until 1872. This unmarked example features a straight single-edged 29" blade (34.5" overall) with a false edge extending back about 8" from the point. The blade is about 1" in width at the hilt. There are two fullers, one broad and running from the ricasso to within 8" of the point and a shorter narrow at the back of the blade. The grips are wood covered with leather and wound with twisted brass wire. The pommel is of the Phrygian helmet pattern and is decorated along its forward border with a spray of oak leaves. The knuckle-bow is ribbed and pierced for a sword knot where it joins the pommel. As it turns upward toward the blade it expands to form an oval counter-guard, the reverse of which is plain, the obverse side decorated with a pierced floral design. All metal parts of the hilt are brass. This example is missing the scabbard. This example is in very good condition with only minor spotting and pitting to the blade.

German Made Model 1850 Foot Officer's Sword. A fine example of a German-made Model 1850 Foot Officer's Sword. The basic design was based on a pattern used in the French Army. The sword was in use in the United States army until 1872. This sword was made by Wilhelm Clauberg in Solingen, Germany. Clauberg exported swords to the U. S. during the Civil War and sold them through the agencies of Schulyer, Hartley & Graham and Horstmann Brothers & Company. This example features a single-edged 32" blade (37" overall) with a false edge extending back about 8" from the point. The blade is about 1" in width at the hilt. There are two fullers, one broad and running from the ricasso to within 8" of the point and a shorter narrow at the back of the blade. Floral designs are etched on both sides of the blade. The Clauberg maker's mark appears on the obverse ricasso. The grips are wood covered with fish skin and wound with twisted brass wire. The pommel is of the Phrygian helmet pattern and is decorated along its forward border with a spray of oak leaves. The knuckle-bow is ribbed and pierced for a sword knot where it joins the pommel. As it turns upward toward the blade it expands to form an oval counter-guard, the reverse of which is plain, the obverse side decorated with a pierced floral design. All metal parts of the hilt are brass. This example is missing the scabbard. Other than the brass wire on the grip being slightly loose, this sword is in very good condition.

Model 1860 Light Cavalry Saber. A solid example of a pattern adopted just before the outbreak of the Civil War and used until the 1880s. The basic design was based on a French pattern (as were many U. S. swords). The single-edged blade is curved with a rudimentary false edge. There are two fullers - a broad fuller running from the ricasso to within about 10" of the point, and a shorter narrow one at the back of the blade. The blade measures 35" in length by about 1" at the hilt. The overall length is 41". The brass guard is of the half-basket type with a knuckle-bow and two branches on the obverse side joining an oval counter-guard. The pommel is of the Phrygian helmet pattern. The grips are wood covered with leather and wound with twisted brass wire. The scabbard is iron with two rings for suspension and a drag. The blade of this example is significantly spotted with worn grips and the brass wire wrapping slightly loose, otherwise it is in very good condition.

Maynard Conversion Converted to a Fowling Piece. An unusual "converted" conversion. The weapon started out life as a Remington made musket marked "Remington's / Ilion, NY / 1856 / US" on the lock. Later in life it underwent the Maynard conversion at the Frankford Arsenal in Philadelphia sometime between 1856-1859. At some later date it was converted for use as a fowling weapon. This old veteran has seen hard use as evidenced by the tape reinforced stock wrist, major powder pitting around the nipple, and cut down stock. Yet, an interesting firearm perfect for display or restoration.

Group of Three Union Army Corps Badges, as follows:
7th Corps, silver star and crescent with engraved borders, attachment pin on back, 1.25" x 1.5". Likely made by jeweler. Owner's name and unit information unfortunately scratched out long ago.
10th Corps, brass fortress shape, hinged sandwich style with white felt insert, 2.25" diameter. Attachment pin not present.
19th Corps, mother-of-pearl Maltese cross with gold suspension loop. 1.25" square. Excellent condition.

Civil War Dug Union Belt Buckle, brass with a lead back, 3.25" x 2". Fair condition.

Four Union Army Insignia, as follows: Colonel's shoulder strap with gilt eagle applied to blue felt bordered by gold bullion, 1.75" x 4", fading to fabric, light wear on eagle, very good condition; Stamped brass eagle device for the Model 1858 Hardee hat, 2.5" x 2", missing attachment pin, else very good condition; Infantry bugle of gold thread stitched to blue felt oval, encloses stitched "12", 1.5" x 2", fine condition; Musician's hat badge consisting of gilt wreath and lyre applied to blue felt oval, 1.75" x 2.25", excellent condition.

Gold Bullion Eagle and Shield Device for Hardee Hat. Metallic thread stitched into card reinforced dark blue felt. Some tarnishing, else very fine condition.

Civil War Brass Single Spur, 5", with the leather strap and brass buckle. Missing the rowel. Very good.

Lot of Seven items Related to Civil War, ca. 1860s. High relief struck metal Southern Cross of honor, Civil War powder flask, Sykes brass powder flask, union hat device, belt keeper, two scabbard tips, brass field glasses, very nice engraved cup (General Forrest Chapter), United Daughters of the Confederacy. Very nice lot of civil war post & pre era items.

Condition: Very good-fine.

Carte de Visite of Union General Ulysses S. Grant. Union general Grant is seated in a somewhat casual pose with uniform jacket open; his face is drawn and he appears worried and distracted. Photographed by the Philadelphia Photographic Company. This is a handsome image with exceptional contrast. Minor damage to upper and lower left corners. Fine condition.

Carte de Visite of Union General Ulysses S. Grant. Handsome bust image of Grant in uniform, circa 1861-62. Photographer unknown. Image is moderately age toned with slight soiling. Trimmed corners. Generally fine.

Four Lithographic Cartes de Visite Images of General U.S. Grant and Family. On August 22, 1848, Grant married Julia Boggs Dent, the daughter of a slave owner. They had four children: Frederick Dent Grant, Ulysses S. Grant, Jr. (Buck), Ellen Wrenshall Grant (Nellie), and Jesse Root Grant. These images - some pure lithograph, some photograph-lithograph composites - clearly show how photographers of the time used their darkroom skills to create new images. Occasional age toning, creases. Generally fine.

Three Lithographed CDVs of General Ulysses S. Grant. Two uniformed bust images and one of Grant on horseback. One of the bust images is a composite of lithograph and photograph, with a photo of Grant's head placed onto a lithographed uniform. Light to moderate age toning. Occasional soiling. Pin hole and damage to upper left corner of composite image. Generally very good condition.

Brady Carte de Visite of General Ulysses S. Grant. Half-length image of a seated and uniformed Grant, with hands in his lap. When Grant was promoted to Lieutenant General in 1864, he agreed to sit down for photographer Mathew Brady. As the sun had begun to set by the time Grant arrived, Brady instructed one of his assistants to open the shades of the skylight in the studio. The assistant slipped and shattered the skylight, causing two-inch-thick shards of glass to rain down around Grant, who had taken his seat as requested. He was unharmed, and showed "the most remarkable display of nerve" that Brady had ever seen. Light age toning; small nick at lower left edge. Affixed to Brady's Washington DC mount. Fine.

General William Thomas Harbaugh Brooks CDV. 2.5" x 4", "A. A. Carter Card Photograph Agent Co. K, 4th Vermont Vols." on printed label on verso, "Gen. Brooks" in ink on verso, image slightly faded, mat has a couple of small dings, else near fine. Brooks graduated West Point in 1841 and immediately afterwards went into service in the Seminole wars. He fought with distinction during the Mexican-American War and rapidly rose through the officer ranks beginning the Civil War as brigadier-general of volunteers. During the war he was present at the principal battles of the Army of the Potomac, commanded a division in the Rappahannock campaign, was in command of the Department of the Monongahela in 1863 and 1864, and of the 10th army corps from May 10, 1864, until he resigned as a result of bad health. He was wounded at Savage Station and Antietam.

Major General Benjamin Franklin Butler CDV. 2.5" x 4", no photographer's backmark, "Major-General B. F. Butler" printed on verso, slightly age toned, else a fine image. A nice image of "The Beast Butler" from just before or near the start of the war.

Major General William Buel Franklin CDV. 2.5" x 4", no photographer's backmark, signed "Maj. Gen. W. B. Franklin" in pencil on the verso, lightly toned with age, else near fine. Franklin was a corps commander in the Army of the Potomac who saw action at the Peninsula Campaign, Battle of Antietam, and Fredericksburg. It was at this last battle that was blamed for his inability to break Stonewall Jackson's line and the remainder of his wartime career suffered for it. Following the Civil War, General Franklin relocated to Connecticut and became the general manager of the Colt Firearms Manufacturing Company.

Carte de Visite of Union General Alvan Cullem Gillem. Union General Alvan Gillem is probably best known for his accomplishments in the far West, during the Modoc Wars (1872-73). Three-quarter length image of a seated Gillem in uniform, holding a Western-style hat. Photographer unknown; Vicksburg imprint at lower right. Fine condition.

Major General Joseph Hooker CDV. 2.5" x 4", no photographer's backmark, "Major-General Joe Hooker." printed on the verso, toned, else a fine image.

Union Brigadier General Philip Kearny CDV. 2.5" x 4", R. W. Addis, Washington, D.C. printed photographer's backmark, small stains on the verso, light toning to image, else very good condition. Kearny was killed in action at Chantilly, Virginia in 1862.

Major General George B. McClellan CDV. 2.5" x 4", no photographer's backmark, "Major-General G. B. McClellan" printed on verso, generally toned with age, image slightly faded, else very good. An image of McClellan taken early in the war.

Carte de Visite of Union Generals Irvin McDowell and James Shields. Head-and-shoulders images mounted on the deeply embossed photographer's mount of A.E. Alden of Rhode Island. Embossed "frames" around the images, US flags, eagle with spread wings, and shield. McDowell and Shields joined forces at Cross Keys and Port Republic (June 8-9, 1862), but were unable to move quickly enough to thwart Stonewall Jackson's retreat following his brilliant Valley Campaign. Light age toning and soiling. Generally fine.

Union Major General George G. Meade CDV. 2.5" x 4", no photographer's backmark, "Major-General George G. Meade." printed on verso, toned with age, some pinpoint stains near Meade's face (may be on the original negative), else a near fine image. This image is from the post-1862 period after Meade was promoted to Major General for his supporting actions during the Battle of Fredericksburg.

Carte de Visite of Union General L.P.W. Reed. Full-length image of Reed in uniform, holding a sword. Photographed at George A. Lenzi studios in Norristown, PA. Light age toning. Image has been trimmed at upper and lower edges. Fine condition.

Major General John Sedgwick CDV. 2.5" x 4", no photographer's backmark, "Major-General John Sedgwick" printed on the verso, slightly toned else a fine example. Sedgwick was killed by a Confederate sniper at the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, on May 9, 1864. Confederate sharpshooters were about 1,000 yards away and their shots caused members of his staff and artillerymen to seek cover. Sedgwick strode around in the open and was alleged to have said, "What? Men dodging this way for single bullets? What will you do when they open fire along the whole line? I am ashamed of you. They couldn't hit an elephant at this distance." Wiser men continued to seek cover so he repeated, "I'm ashamed of you, dodging that way. They couldn't hit an elephant at this distance." Just seconds later he fell forward with a bullet hole below his left eye.

Major General William Tecumsah Sherman CDV, 2.5" x 4". This CDV features a sharp portrait of the legendary Union general. Fine with minor wear.

General William Tecumseh Sherman CDV by Alexander Gardner. 2.5" x 4", Alex. Gardner photographer's printed backmark, image slightly faded, else very good. A wonderfully informal image of "Uncle Billy" Sherman, uniform jacket open with fingers locked, gazing slightly away from the camera. Sherman exudes a certain calmness which makes this image unique among the more traditional "ramrod straight" versions typically seen.